Patricia Alvarez McHatton

Stigma and Discrimination: Perspectives From Mexican and Puerto Rican Mothers of Children With Special Needs

The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of stigma-related discrimination in 50 Puerto Rican and Mexican single mothers of young children with disabilities. Mothers were interviewed on issues related to raising a child with disabilities. This was a preliminary exploration of the stories mothers told specifically related to discrimination. A qualitative analysis of the transcripts revealed clear evidence of discrimination as a result of culture, disability, and a combination of culture and disability. Professionals and strangers were responsible for the majority of the discrimination. Experiences were related to the higher number of interactions with service providers, lack of English language proficiency, being the solitary caregiver for their child with a disability, their status of “other,” and the internalization of that status.

Cultivating Caring Relationships Between Teachers and Secondary Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: Implications for Research and Practice

Educating secondary students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) is often an overwhelming task that places high demands on teachers. Existing research on effective social-emotional/behavioral and academic interventions for students with EBD is limited but expanding. Unfortunately, school and life outcomes for these students are dismal compared to other students. Certainly, there is much to learn about achieving positive outcomes for students with EBD. This article examines the potential role that caring teacher—student relationships have in achieving better outcomes for students with EBD within their current educational contexts. A rationale for why developing caring teacher—student relationships is important to improved outcomes for students with EBD is presented based on the current literature on caring teacher—student relationships. Potential barriers are delineated, followed by a summary of practices that serve as starting points for developing caring relationships between teachers and students with EBD. Last, research implications are suggested.

Code Switching among Bilingual and Limited English Proficient Students: Possible Indicators of Giftedness

Code switching includes the use of complete sentences, phrases, and borrowed words from another language (Brice & Brice, 2000). It is a common linguistic phenomenon noted among bilingual populations. In order to code switch effectively, students must possess a high level of understanding of the 2 cultures, as well as a deep understanding of the underlying structures and purposes of 2 language systems. Code switching, rather than reflecting the traditional view of a disadvantaged and semiliterate background, actually reflects an intellectual advantage. However, code switching has not commonly been perceived as a positive trait by schools, teachers, or the majority culture. Assessments for nomination and identification of giftedness have traditionally been either single-language oriented or use concepts and behaviors that are reflective of the majority culture. This article explores some of the aspects of code switching and possible resultant behaviors of bilingual children who are gifted.

Co-Teaching at the Pre-Service Level: Special Education Majors Collaborate with English Education Majors

General education and special education teacher candidates lack experience in collaborating with each other as colleagues; however, upon graduating and entering their own classrooms, most are expected to know how to provide services to students with disabilities in the general classroom. This study describes the efforts of two professors, one in special education and the other in English education, to have their students participate in a collaborative and consultative relationship with each other at the pre-service level. Data are comprised of pre- and post-surveys, as well as weekly written reflections by the teacher candidates. Significant differences were found across programs and within the English education program. Reflections reveal differing participant perceptions of the co-teaching experience. Findings indicate exposure to co-teaching at the pre-service level provides an opportunity to address the roles and responsibilities of general and special educators in working together to ensure academic success for all learners.

Examining Perceptions of Systematic Integration of Instructional Technology in a Teacher Education Program.

In this article, the authors describe a systematic effort by a department of special education to integrate technology into teaching through a one-to-one laptop initiative and to examine preservice teachers’ perceptions concerning their experiences with the initiative. The authors investigate beliefs about preservice teachers’ proficiency in using technology for teaching, their attitudes toward the use of technology for teaching, and their perceptions of the integration of instructional technology practices by faculty across three semesters using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Preservice teachers’ perceptions of their ability to integrate technology in their teaching increased whereas their attitudes toward integrating technology remained consistently high across program semesters. They believed that faculty effectively integrated and modeled the use of technology in their instruction. Implications of the results are discussed.

Technology, Mathematics PS/RTI, and Students with LD: What Do We Know, What Have We Tried, and What Can We Do to Improve Outcomes Now and in the Future?

Effective integration of technology within mathematics problem solving/response to instruction (PS/RTI) for students with/at risk for identification of learning disabilities (LD) is the focus of this article. The discussion is situated within the current context of mathematics PS/RTI, the literature base relative to technology integration in mathematics for students with LD, and emerging 21st-century technologies. Limitations of the research base are identified, and suggestions for the future are provided. Next, a systematic framework for integration of technology in mathematics PS/RTI is introduced that incorporates consideration of (a) effective mathematics instructional practice within mathematics PS/RTI, and (b) the nature of the mathematics content and student learning barriers and strengths. Ways in which technology can enhance effective mathematics practices for students with LD are suggested, and implications for research, development, and practice are discussed.

Understanding the Experiences of Bilingual, Latino/a Adolescents: "Voices from Gifted and General Education"

Eight gifted and eight general‐education students engaged in discussions regarding their observations of, experiences in, and recommendations for education. Six categories emerged through qualitative analysis of their conversations. These categories include: problem solving, task commitment, self‐perceptions, education, communication, and discrimination. Content within each category provides a glimpse into the students’ perceptions of their schooling experiences. The roles of ethnic identity development, identification with majority culture, adolescence, and gifted‐ness are examined and recommendations for future research are provided.

Moving beyond disproportionality: the role of culturally responsive teaching in special education

For over 30 years the field of special education has grappled with the problem of disproportionality. The discourse around this issue has predominately focused on possible causes, and yet the problem persists. This paper will provide an overview of the research on disproportionality and multicultural special education. In addition, the authors will examine the extent to which culturally responsive teaching has been implemented in special education and will propose future directions for research and practice.

What Does "Highly Qualified" Mean for Urban Special Educators?.

In this article, the authors discuss the context of urban special education and the complexities of meeting the demands of standards-based reform in urban settings. The study presented highlights the voices of urban special educators in two large urban school districts as they navigate meeting the demands of teaching students with disabilities, and share their perceptions of their roles and responsibilities as a result of No Child Left Behind Act. Findings reveal several implications for educational policy and areas of future research in teacher quality and workplace conditions for urban special educators.

Listening and Learning from Mexican and Puerto Rican Single Mothers of Children with Disabilities

Schools face increasing diversity within their student population while teachers remain predominately White, female, and middle class. These contrasting demographics demand that teacher preparation programs produce culturally competent teachers who are able to work effectively with students and families from backgrounds different from their own. For teacher candidates who may lack a critical view of society, exposure to the experiences of diverse families and discussions related to the impact of such experiences on parent involvement and school personnel interaction is essential. This paper describes experiences of discrimination faced by Latina single mothers of children with a disability. A discussion of results and implications for teacher educators with suggestions for use of findings with teacher candidates is included.