Paul Hughes
University of Sheffield
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Featured researches published by Paul Hughes.
Thorax | 2017
Helen Marshall; Alex Horsley; Christopher J. Taylor; Laurie Smith; David Hughes; Felix Horn; Andrew J. Swift; Juan Parra-Robles; Paul Hughes; Graham Norquay; Neil J. Stewart; Guilhem Collier; Dawn Teare; Steve Cunningham; Ina Aldag; Jim M. Wild
Hyperpolarised 3He ventilation-MRI, anatomical lung MRI, lung clearance index (LCI), low-dose CT and spirometry were performed on 19 children (6–16 years) with clinically stable mild cystic fibrosis (CF) (FEV1>−1.96), and 10 controls. All controls had normal spirometry, MRI and LCI. Ventilation-MRI was the most sensitive method of detecting abnormalities, present in 89% of patients with CF, compared with CT abnormalities in 68%, LCI 47% and conventional MRI 22%. Ventilation defects were present in the absence of CT abnormalities and in patients with normal physiology, including LCI. Ventilation-MRI is thus feasible in young children, highly sensitive and provides additional information about lung structure–function relationships.
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 2018
Neil J. Stewart; Ho-Fung Chan; Paul Hughes; Felix Horn; Graham Norquay; Madhwesha Rao; Denise Yates; Rob H. Ireland; M.Q. Hatton; Bilal Tahir; Paul Ford; Andrew J. Swift; Rod Lawson; Helen Marshall; Guilhem Collier; Jim M. Wild
To support translational lung MRI research with hyperpolarized 129Xe gas, comprehensive evaluation of derived quantitative lung function measures against established measures from 3He MRI is required. Few comparative studies have been performed to date, only at 3T, and multisession repeatability of 129Xe functional metrics have not been reported.
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 2018
Paul Hughes; Felix Horn; Guilhem Collier; Alberto Biancardi; Helen Marshall; Jim M. Wild
To develop an image‐processing pipeline for semiautomated (SA) and reproducible analysis of hyperpolarized gas lung ventilation and proton anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan pairs. To compare results from the software for total lung volume (TLV), ventilated volume (VV), and percentage lung ventilated volume (%VV) calculation to the current manual “basic” method and a K‐means segmentation method.
European Journal of Radiology | 2017
Christopher S. Johns; Andrew J. Swift; Paul Hughes; Yoshiharu Ohno; Mark L. Schiebler; Jim M. Wild
The pulmonary vasculature and its role in perfusion and gas exchange is an important consideration in many conditions of the lung and heart. Currently the mainstay of imaging of the vasculature and perfusion of the lungs lies with CT and nuclear medicine perfusion scans, both of which require ionizing radiation exposure. Improvements in MRI techniques have increased the use of MRI in pulmonary vascular imaging. Here we review MRI methods for imaging the pulmonary vasculature and pulmonary perfusion, both using contrast enhanced and non-contrast enhanced methodology. In many centres pulmonary MR angiography and dynamic contrast enhanced perfusion MRI are now well established in the routine workflow of patients particularly with pulmonary hypertension and thromboembolic disease. However, these imaging modalities offer exciting new directions for future research and clinical use in other respiratory diseases where consideration of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange can provide insight in to pathophysiology.
European Respiratory Journal | 2018
Laurie Smith; Guilhem Collier; Helen Marshall; Paul Hughes; Alberto Biancardi; Martin Wildman; Ina Aldag; Noreen West; Alex Horsley; Jim M. Wild
Hyperpolarised helium-3 (3He) ventilation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multiple-breath washout (MBW) are sensitive methods for detecting lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). We aimed to explore their relationship across a broad range of CF disease severity and patient age, as well as assess the effect of inhaled lung volume on ventilation distribution. 32 children and adults with CF underwent MBW and 3He-MRI at a lung volume of end-inspiratory tidal volume (EIVT). In addition, 28 patients performed 3He-MRI at total lung capacity. 3He-MRI scans were quantitatively analysed for ventilation defect percentage (VDP), ventilation heterogeneity index (VHI) and the number and size of individual contiguous ventilation defects. From MBW, the lung clearance index, convection-dependent ventilation heterogeneity (Scond) and convection–diffusion-dependent ventilation heterogeneity (Sacin) were calculated. VDP and VHI at EIVT strongly correlated with lung clearance index (r=0.89 and r=0.88, respectively), Sacin (r=0.84 and r=0.82, respectively) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (r=−0.79 and r=−0.78, respectively). Two distinct 3He-MRI patterns were highlighted: patients with abnormal FEV1 had significantly (p<0.001) larger, but fewer, contiguous defects than those with normal FEV1, who tended to have numerous small volume defects. These two MRI patterns were delineated by a VDP of ∼10%. At total lung capacity, when compared to EIVT, VDP and VHI reduced in all subjects (p<0.001), demonstrating improved ventilation distribution and regions of volume-reversible and nonreversible ventilation abnormalities. Ventilation distribution on MRI improves at TLC and two distinct patterns of regional lung disease in CF are highlighted, where abnormal FEV1 is associated with VDP >10%. Ventilation MRI and MBW are highly correlated. http://ow.ly/NvyS30lOP4O
Medical Physics | 2016
Bilal Tahir; Helen Marshall; Paul Hughes; Neil J. Stewart; Felix Horn; Guilhem Collier; Graham Norquay; Kerry Hart; James A. Swinscoe; M.Q. Hatton; Jim M. Wild; Rob H. Ireland
PURPOSE To compare the spatial correlation of ventilation surrogates computed from inspiratory and expiratory breath-hold CT with hyperpolarized Helium-3 & Xenon-129 MRI in a cohort of lung cancer patients. METHODS 5 patients underwent expiration & inspiration breath-hold CT. Xenon-129 & 1 H MRI were also acquired at the same inflation state as inspiratory CT. This was followed immediately by acquisition of Helium-3 & 1 H MRI in the same breath and at the same inflation state as inspiratory CT. Expiration CT was deformably registered to inspiration CT for calculation of ventilation CT from voxel-wise differences in Hounsfield units. Inspiration CT and the Xenon-129s corresponding anatomical 1 H MRI were registered to Helium-3 MRI via the same-breath anatomical 1 H MRI. This enabled direct comparison of CT ventilation with Helium-3 MRI & Xenon-129 MRI for the median values in corresponding regions of interest, ranging from finer to coarser in-plane dimensions of 10 by 10, 20 by 20, 30 by 30 and 40 by 40, located within the lungs as defined by the same-breath 1 H MRI lung mask. Spearman coefficients were used to assess voxel-level correlation. RESULTS The median Spearmans coefficients of ventilation CT with Helium-3 & Xenon-129 MRI for ROIs of 10 by 10, 20 by 20, 30 by 30 and 40 by 40 were 0.52, 0.56, 0.60 and 0.68 and 0.40, 0.42, 0.52 and 0.70, respectively. CONCLUSION This work demonstrates a method of acquiring CT & hyperpolarized gas MRI (Helium-3 & Xenon-129 MRI) in similar breath-holds to enable direct spatial comparison of ventilation maps. Initial results show moderate correlation between ventilation CT & hyperpolarized gas MRI, improving for coarser regions which could be attributable to the inherent noise in CT intensity, non-ventilatory effects and registration errors at the voxel-level. Thus, it may be more beneficial to quantify ventilation at a more regional level.
European Respiratory Journal | 2017
Paul Hughes; Laurie Smith; Felix Horn; Alberto Biancardi; Guilhem Collier; Neil J. Stewart; Graham Norquay; Madhwesha Rao; Ina Aldag; Christopher Taylor; Helen Marshall; Jim M. Wild
Radiotherapy and Oncology | 2018
Bilal Tahir; Paul Hughes; S. Robinson; Helen Marshall; Neil J. Stewart; Alberto Biancardi; Ho-Fung Chan; Guilhem Collier; Kerry Hart; James A. Swinscoe; M.Q. Hatton; Jim M. Wild; Rob H. Ireland
International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics | 2018
Bilal Tahir; Paul Hughes; Stephen Robinson; Helen Marshall; Neil J. Stewart; Graham Norquay; Alberto Biancardi; Ho-Fung Chan; Guilhem Collier; Kerry Hart; James A. Swinscoe; M.Q. Hatton; Jame M. Wild; Rob H. Ireland
Annals of the American Thoracic Society | 2018
Laurie Smith; Noreen West; David Hughes; Helen Marshall; Christopher S. Johns; Neil J. Stewart; Ho-Fung Chan; Madhwesha Rao; David Capener; Jody Bray; Guilhem Collier; Paul Hughes; Graham Norquay; Lynne Schofield; Phil Chetcuti; Eduardo Moya; Jim M. Wild