Paulo Renato dos Santos Costa

Endoscopia gastroduodenal após administração de nimesulida, monofenilbutazona e meloxicam em cães

The gastroduodenal mucosa in dogs experimentally treated with nimesulide, monophenylbutazone and meloxicam was evaluated. There were four groups with eight dogs in each. Groups one, two and three were given nimesulide, monophenylbutazone and meloxicam, respectively, during 21 days and group four was used as control. All animals were evaluated by gastroduodenoscopy before the study and on the 10th and 21st days. The dogs did not show any clinical or laboratorial changes during the study. The endoscopic evaluation of gastroduodenal mucosa showed only low degree lesions. These anti-inflammatory drugs showed to be safe for the gastrointestinal tract in healthy dogs.

Obstrução do trato digestório em animais de companhia, atendidos em um Hospital Veterinário no ano de 2010

O objetivo deste estudo e relatar os tipos de obstrucao do trato digestorio, apos ingestao de corpos estranhos, em animais de companhia, atendidos no Hospital Veterinario da Universidade Federal de Vicosa (HVT-UFV), durante o ano de 2010; a predisposicao racial e por faixa etaria; a localizacao da obstrucao; os sintomas relacionados; os achados laboratoriais; o tratamento proposto e a evolucao clinica dos pacientes. Foi observada predisposicao para animais de raca pequena e de faixas etarias de ate um ano e apos cinco anos, com predilecao pela raca Teckel. O maior numero de corpos estranhos foi encontrado no estomago e intestinos, com maior gravidade e elevada taxa de mortalidade, em relacao aos encontrados no esofago. O maior periodo de evolucao do quadro clinico, desde a observacao inicial, contribuiu para maiores taxas de mortalidade. A sintomatologia clinica dos animais foi variada, mas quadros de apatia e de anorexia ocorreram na maioria dos casos. Regurgitacao e vomito foram frequentes, quando a localizacao do corpo estranho foi esofagica ou gastrointestinal, respectivamente. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais foram inespecificos.

Refluxo gastroesofágico em cães anestesiados: fisiopatologia, clínica, diagnóstico e terapêutica

Gastroesophageal reflux can affect various species and presents several etiologies, and general anesthesia can be considered one of the main causes of esophagitis in dogs, due to the reduction of the gastroesophageal sphincter tonus caused by anesthetic drugs. There are many factors responsible for the esophageal lesion due to reflux, including type of refluid material, reflux volume, frequency and duration, and esophageal mucosa integrity. It is important to prevent reflux during anesthesia because of the risk of causing not only post operatory esophagitis but also other serious complications such as formation of esophageal stenosis, or aspiration pneumonia . Thus, it is important to establish anesthetic protocols that do not modify the function of the gastroesophageal sphincter, as well as determine therapeutic strategies that could reduce reflux incidence. This research reviews the anatomic and physiological aspects of gastroesophageal junction as well as those aspects related with gastroesophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs.

Utilização do óleo de alho e da amoxilina, metronidazol e omeprazol no controle de Helicobacter spp. em cães

The efficacy of garlic oil and triple therapy (amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazol) were evaluated in the treatment of 21 dogs infected by Helicobacter spp., which presented histological alterations of the gastric mucosa according to endoscopic biopsies and positive reaction to urease test. The animals were randomly distributed into three groups of seven dogs each, and received the following treatment, group 1 - empty capsules; group 2 - 500mg of garlic oil capsules daily for a period of 30 days; and group 3 - amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazol, in doses of 20mg/kg every 12 hours, 25mg/kg and 20mg/kg every 24 hours, respectively, for 15 days. By the end of the treatment, the dogs were subjected to new endoscopic procedure with gastric mucosa biopsies. Treatment with amoxicillin, metronidazole, and omeprazol resulted in eradication of Helicobacter spp. both in fundic and pyloric regions. The garlic oil treatment reduced glandular degeneration in the fundic region in two animals and in the pylorus region in two other animals, and it was inefficient in eradicating Helicobacter spp. in dogs as it only reduced the colonization in some of the treated animals.

Influência da monofenilbutazona associada ou não ao omeprazol sobre o sistema digestório e renal de pôneis hígidos

This research aimed to investigate whether mofebutazone causes gastrointestinal and renal side effects in healthy ponies as well as to verify the capacity of omeprazole to inhibit the genesis of gastric ulcers. The experiment was carried out in two phases. In the first, six ponies were used, with three of them being treated daily with different doses (3, 4.5 and 6mg kg-1) of intravenous (IV) mofebutazone for 12 days. The other ponies were given 3mg kg-1 of omeprazole in addition to the anti-inflammatory drug. In the second phase, four ponies were included, with two of them being treated daily with 4.5mg kg-1 of mofebutazone for 12 days and the two remainders with 5mL of IV NaCl at 0.9%. All ponies underwent gastroscopy before and after each experimental phase. Additionally, in the first phase, urine, hematological (hematocrit, and total plasma protein) and biochemical (creatinine, albumin, Ca+2 and P+3) analysis were determined. In the first phase, only the two ponies treated with 6mg kg-1 of mofebutazone presented ulcers in the aglandular region along the margo plicatus. In the second phase, two animals also presented gastric ulcers, with one having received only NaCl at 0.9% solution. Ulcers occurrence was neither influenced (P>0.05) by the administration and dose of mofebutazone, nor by the presence of omeprazole. Mofebutazone effect on the hematological and biochemical variables was unremarkable (P+3) or absent (hematocrit, total plasma protein, creatinine, albumin, Ca+2) (P>0.05). Based on these results the following conclusions could be drawn: the occurrence of gastric ulcers in the aglandular region of healthy ponies was not influenced by application and dose of mofebutazone when administered for 12 days; grade four ulcers in the aglandular region of ponies may not be accompanied by clinical signs; healthy ponies tolerate application of up to 6mg kg-1 of IV mofebutazone for 12 days without the occurrence of renal damage; hematological and biochemical variables are not or minimally influenced by mofebutazone and a relation between omeprazole and gastric ulcers could not be confirmed in mofebutazone-treated ponies.

Squamous cell carcinoma (Bowens disease) in situ in three cats

Tres casos de carcinoma multicentrico in situ de celulas escamosas (doenca de Bowen) sao descritos na especie felina. As neoplasias ocorreram em gatos idosos e acometeram a regiao pre-auricular, cervical, abdominal e flancos. Um gato apresentou lesao unica e os demais apresentaram lesoes multifocais, que se caracterizaram por placas que variavam de hiperceratoticas a verruco-crostosas e eram hiperpigmentadas. Algumas eram ulceradas, com fissuras que sangravam facilmente. Histologicamente, as celulas neoplasicas encontravam-se confinadas a epiderme e aos foliculos pilosos, sem o envolvimento da membrana basal. Em um dos casos houve melhora significativa das lesoes apos terapia oral com acitretina.