Paulo Roberto Nóbrega Cavalcante

O Efeito da Adoção dos IFRS sobre a Relevância Informacional do Lucro Contábil no Brasil

This study aimed to assess the effect of adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Brazil on the information relevance of accounting profits of publicly traded companies. International studies have shown that the adoption of IFRS improves the quality of accounting information compared with domestic accounting standards. Concurrent evidence is sparse in Brazil. Information relevance is understood herein as a multidimensional attribute that is closely related to the quality and usefulness of the information conveyed by accounting profits. The associative capacity and information timeliness of accounting profits in relation to share prices were examined. Furthermore, the level of conditional conservatism present in accounting profits was also analyzed because according to Basu (1997), this aspect is related to timeliness. The study used pooled regressions and panel data models to analyze the quarterly accounting profits of 246 companies between the first quarter of 1999 and the first quarter of 2013, resulting in 9,558 quarter-company observations. The results indicated that the adoption of IFRS in Brazil (1) increased the associative capacity of accounting profits; (2) reduced information timeliness to non-significant levels; and (3) had no effect on conditional conservatism. The joint analysis of the empirical evidence from the present study conclusively precludes stating that the adoption of IFRS in Brazil contributed to an increase the information relevance of accounting profits of publicly traded companies.

The Profile of the Program Multinstitucional and Inter-Regional of Posgraduate in Accounting Unb/Ufpb/Ufpe/Ufrn

The objective of this article was to trace the profile of the dissertations defended in the Program and Inter-regional multi-institutional Graduate in Accounting UnB/UFPB/UFRN/UFPE, in the period of 2002 the 2006. Of the methodology point of view, the research is descriptive, how much to the type; bibliographical and documentary and survey, how much to the procedures. The employed sample was constituted of the 102 dissertations defended in the period and the analyzed variables had been: demography of authorship of the dissertations; its structure; the conclusions; the bibliographical references; e the relevance information. How many to the main results, it was evidenced: the number of the masculine sort is greater to the one of the feminine sort; the Brasilia nucleus is what it formed more masters, the Professor Cesar Tiburcio was what more it guided; the area financial accounting is looked; the type of research is the empiricist; the majority of the dissertation does not present limitations of the study; the technique used statistics more is related with the not-parametric tests; in the references it was verified preference for international national and periodic books. The findings shows the academic quality and the degree of requirement of the program.

TAMANHO DA FIRMA E OUTROS DETERMINANTES DA TRIBUTAÇÃO EFETIVA SOBRE O LUCRO NO BRASIL

Several researches, using databases from different countries, have dedicated themselves to investigate a possible relationship between particular firms characteristics, especially the size, and effective tax that they support, although no consensus has been defined on relationship analyzed. This study aims to investigate whether the effective tax on the Brazilian company earnings can be explained by its characteristics, specifically, size, debt, capital intensivity, inventories intensivity and profitability, everything under assumptions of the political costs hypothesis and of theory of economic regulation. The sample consisted of 565 firms, classified in 8 sectors of activity, over the period from 1997 to 2011, which resulted in 4,368 firm-year. The investigation was made with the use of two statistical models whose estimations were performed by panel data technique. Results indicated that the size and especially debt can be considered determinants of effective taxation on earnings. It should be stressed that, in the case of size, although the results are partly inconclusive, there they indicated the existence of a positive association with the taxation, which is consistent with political costs hypothesis assumptions. However, results also indicated the existence of a nonlinear relationship that suggests that from a certain size, firms would be able to reduce your taxation, which aligns with the political power hypothesis.