Pelayo Munhoz Olea

Collaborative Networks and Social Capital: A Theoretical and Practical Convergence

This paper addresses the issue of social capital analysis for collaborative networks. The objective of the research project is to understand how collaborative networks can be influenced considering the perspective of social capital. Initially, the authors identified and analyzed relevant works that were developed in the collaborative network field, focusing on the social capital approach. Therefore, nineteen papers have been selected from well-known journals basically extracted from the Business Source Premier Database. Thereafter, a tool for analyzing those papers has been developed. During evaluation, the authors considered twenty six aspects that can be divided into two major themes: the methodological and characterization approach and the theory of social capital and collaborative networks. As a result of this work, we conclude that a great variety of techniques to collect information exists, but that the difficulty of measuring social capital continues.

HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESIDUES MANAGEMENT: BRAZILIAN EXPERIENCES

Since Brazilian healthcare institutions have the duty to care about public health service, they also have the social and financial responsibilities to bring environmentally friendly practices and strategies, including principally a responsible attitude towards hospital waste management. Negligent waste management contributes significantly to polluting the environment. Today, a specific regional context in the southern State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, shows an ambivalent situation in terms of hospital waste management. This study aims to analyze the environmental management practices and innovation strategies of the hospitals of the Serra Gaucha region, as well as conducting a comparison between the environmental management practices versus the current Brazilian laws. Based on data analysis, it was found that all hospitals employ the practice of waste segregation, preserving public health and environmental quality. However, in respect to hospital waste effluents, 75% of the hospitals of the Serra Gaucha region do not treat their hospital effluents, not complying with the current Brazilian legislation.

Innovation and production management through a just in sequence strategy in a multinational Brazilian Metal-mechanic Industry

This study aims to describe the implementation of a project supply strategy, based on the Just in Sequence concepts; highlighting its difficulties and benefits. The case is described as a Brazilian metal-mechanic company that operates in the assembly of road transport and freight vehicles, being one of the market leaders in Brazil and around the world. The results show clear evidence that the new method presented difficulties related to the discipline of the employees in effectively using the JIS tool, however, it presents concrete innovations related to communication processes between the areas of production and stocks scheduling, as well as the reduction in inventories components within the production process, increasing the efficiency of the assembly line.

Relação entre inovação e qualidade da orientação do serviço de saúde para atenção primária

La innovacion juega un diferencial en respuesta a las necesidades globales de la salud, ya que representa el cambio que impulsa el desarrollo de las organizaciones y conduce a una mayor eficiencia de sus procesos a traves de la asignacion adecuada de los recursos. El articulo es una contribucion, resalte el debate academico a nivel de la calidad de los servicios y acciones de salud y estimular la innovacion entender las relaciones entre ellos. A nivel organizativo la contribucion presenta un locus diagnostico de la innovacion en el contexto de las acciones de atencion de la salud, demostrado por la relacion de las variables que deben gestionarse para el desarrollo adecuado de los recursos de salud, y la promocion de la calidad de vida de la poblacion inscrita.

Brazilian Entrepreneurship Reality: A Trilogy of Imitation, Invention and Innovation

There are a lot of discussions on the characteristics of the successful businessman, who contributes to development of the economy through wealth creation. There are many authors who talk about such businessman as someone innovative, creator of differences, creative in services or business, or else. For theses reasons it is intended to study the entrepreneurial and innovative dimensions, more precisely in a Brazilian context, discussing innovation from the inside in a business perspective. From this discussion, it is our objective to demonstrate that Brazilian people are either entrepreneurs or inventors but not so innovative. On one hand, there is a clear perception related to new business opportunities but most of them are in an imitation process of existing businesses. On the other hand, Brazil is offering an extensive network of incubators that create inventors instead of entrepreneurs.

Innovation in services: Cases of Brazilian manufacturing industries

The service sector is currently being transformed in the face of economic, technological and social change and is expanding its markets and increasing the complexity of its activities. Innovation process in services is new in academic literature and is still largely debated. The goal of this study is to analyze the service innovation process in two large manufacturing industries, associating the service innovation models found in the literature to the organizational practices adopted by the case study under consideration, so that a set of inferences can be made in regards to a model for understanding the process of service innovation within the realm of industrial organizations. For this purpose, a literature review pertaining to the subject was done and in-depth interviews were conducted with managers from these large manufacturing industries. The findings indicated that innovations in services present challenges that need to be clarified as innovation process, related to properly understanding the unique nature of services by structures originally designed for manufacturing, as well as the assumption of a new paradigm related to creating and developing relationships with clients on a long-term perspective.

Configuração das práticas de inovação na atenção primária à saúde: estudo de caso

The objective of this study was to identify the practice of innovation in primary healthcare in the second-largest county, by population, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The methodology employed case studies of multiple units of analysis, where various studies were simultaneously conducted. Forty-five semi-structured interviews were carried out with the directors of basic health clinics, followed by content analysis, beginning with the construction of a system of categories based on the literature. Fifty-six innovations in total were identified: Eighteen were innovations of products (goods and/or services), fifteen in processes, eleven in marketing, and twelve were organizational innovations. Studies that focus on and highlight innovation in primary healthcare facilitate changes, improvements, and alternatives in the form of services provided to the population, serving as a basis for the formulation of public health policy. Finally, we also highlight the limitations and opportunities of future research.The objective of this study was to identify the practice of innovation in primary healthcare in the second-largest county, by population, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The methodology employed case studies of multiple units of analysis, where various studies were simultaneously conducted. Forty-five semi-structured interviews were carried out with the directors of basic health clinics, followed by content analysis, beginning with the construction of a system of categories based on the literature. Fifty-six innovations in total were identified: Eighteen were innovations of products (goods and/or services), fifteen in processes, eleven in marketing, and twelve were organizational innovations. Studies that focus on and highlight innovation in primary healthcare facilitate changes, improvements, and alternatives in the form of services provided to the population, serving as a basis for the formulation of public health policy. Finally, we also highlight the limitations and opportunities of future research.

Forecast models and the nature of the decision process: The case of a Brazilian electricity distribution company

Needs for adequate long-term planning in the execution of energy generation to meet growing demand leads to intense regulation on energy distributors. A research was realized by a Brazilian distribution company to identify the consumption prediction methods, the nature of the decision process and their specific interaction scheme. Were initially identified the models already used by other distribution companies. After, were studied the accuracy of the models and the models were adjusted based on the industrial consumption, with the use of Box-Jenkins methodology. Finally, were established criteria which have an impact on the decision process, using Herbert Simons theory; demonstrating the limited value of any existing tool, and the importance of using more than one, integrating quantitative to qualitative analysis.

EL SECTOR SANITARIO PÚBLICO DE CATALUNYA COMO SISTEMA DE INNOVACIÓN

El modo de funcionamiento del Sistema de Innovacion-SI-tiene una influencia decisiva en el desarrollo y en la articulacion de un pais o region. El estudio se compone de dos grandes partes, la primera de caracter conceptual, presente de forma breve una introduccion para situar el trabajo, justificacion del estudio y sus etapas y los resumenes del enfoque teorico. La segunda parte, abarca el resto del estudio, se describen los actores del SSPC, se analizan estos actores a traves en un contenido empirico que proviene del trabajo de campo llevado a cabo con todos los entes lo que nos permite caracterizarlos en los entornos del SI, de acuerdo con la metodologia propuesta, definida en el capitulo 3 y que se basa en el tratamiento estadistico de las variables definidas como comunes y especificas para cada uno de los actores a traves de tecnicas simples de estadistica descriptiva, medias de centralizacion y dispersion, distribucion de frecuencias y regresion lineal. Las variables escogidas son las mas representativas de las actividades de I+D, actividades cientifica divulgadora y actividades de docencia de los actores del sistema. Las conclusiones que de este anlisis se extraen se plasman en el ultimo de los capitulos del estudio y, en definitiva, de este estudio se desprende que, en ciertas circunstancias y con un conocimiento superficial del potencial de los diferentes entornos, los resultados obtenidos al analizar los actores del SI-SSPC permiten conocer de manera global el estado del SI. De hecho, el SSPC se muestra con un SI debil y desequilibrio asi como desarticulado, en el que los actores presentan un bajo grado de cooperacion.

Consumo consciente, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável: análise da tomada de decisão com base nas heurísticas

Environment and sustainable development, in recent years, have been considered relevant and present issues in society because of the impact they cause in our daily lives. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze, through heuristics, the decision-making of individuals related to the preservation of the environment. Developed for this, a kind of applied research with a quantitative and exploratory approach, making use of bibliographic research and data collection through a questionnaire based on the Likert scale, with five points. To perform the analysis of the data, using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software, were applied descriptive statistics and simple correlation. It was evident that the highest correlations are related to the understanding and comprehension of the issues addressed in this study and the smaller are related to the behavior of individuals on environmental issues. Thus, it can be affirmed that there is an understanding of the environmental and sustainability issues that emerge in the current context, however are still required attitudes towards environmental actions.