Peter Boden

Ethnic Group Populations: The Components for Projection, Demographic Rates and Trends

This chapter reports on a range of innovative data usages and methods to estimate ethnic-group specific demographic rates for input to a projection of ethnic group populations for subnational areas within the UK. A difficulty to be overcome is that few data sources exist which directly inform about geographically referenced demographic behaviour by ethnic group. We begin by defining the ethnic group categorisations of the population by age and sex used in the study. We then work through each demographic component and outline how rates and recent trends of each have been estimated by ethnic group and the geography of interest. Finally, we report on the outputs of a benchmark set of projections of populations by ethnic group for the period 2001–2051 and describe how scenarios might be applied to explore alternative future populations.

Monitoring who moves where: information systems for internal and international migration

Given the wide variety of types of migration with different motivations taking place at different spatial scales, it is not surprising that there is no single source of data that provides comprehensive and reliable information about the volume, complexion and distribution of migration flows. The reality is that migration data are derived from many different sources, several of which were not created with the intention of providing migration statistics per se. This chapter outlines the main sources of census, survey and administrative data on international and internal migration before explaining and illustrating three migration information systems developed at the University of Leeds that serve as ‘one-stop shops’ for users to access different types of migration data.

Social Justice and Water

Social justice and water refers to fairness of access to water resources and equality of burden from poor water quality and water hazards. This chapter considers briefly the origins and definition of social justice, and ways in which social justice and water interact. Global scale water justice is considered mainly in respect of disease and the lack of progress towards effective provision of water and sanitation. A detailed case study of the links between water debt and deprivation in the UK is then examined, concluding with a consideration of the options available to resolve water debt issues whilst respecting social justice. We conclude with a consideration of the future constraints on water resources in the light of the latest UK climate projections, and recognise that difficult choices might be encountered in which social justice for people might have to have priority over environmental justice for river and land habitats.