Regina M. S. Mirandola

Reference Values on Serum Biochemical Parameters of Brazilian Donkey (Equus asinus) Breed

Abstract Summary Seventeen serum biochemical variables were determined in 40 donkeys of the Brazilian breed (34 females and 6 males) aged from 3 to 19 years. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) (minimum–maximum) values, obtained by automated analysis, were as follows: glucose, 58.35 ± 10.40 (44.00–90.00) mg/dL; cholesterol, 88.41 ± 9.86 (73.58–124.26) mg/dL; serum protein, 6.82 ± 0.40 (6.00–7.52) g/dL; albumin, 3.13 ± 0.21 (2.65–3.69) g/dL; creatinine, 1.80 ± 0.14 (1.51–2.19) mg/dL; urea, 24.25 ± 5.37 (14.12–34.39) mg/dL; lactate, 20.10 ± 4.58 (12.99–33.47) mg/dL; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 295.81 ± 62.79 (173.71–466.07) IU/L; creatine kinase (CK), 158.00 ± 76.94 (51.69–440.33) IU/L; γ-glutamil-transferase (GGT), 45.82 ± 13.34 (26.17–86.38) IU/L; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 576.02 ± 156.32 (213.53–1162.81) IU/L; alkaline phosphatase (AP), 345.36 ± 65.90 (227.25–490.16) IU/L; calcium (Ca), 8.54 ± 0.18 (8.19–8.90) mg/dL; phosphorus (P), 2.76 ± 0.38 (1.99–3.97) mg/dL; chloride (Cl), 106.05 ± 3.20 (99.00–112.00) mEq/L; sodium (Na), 121.50 ± 4.14 (116.00–132.00) mEq/L; and potassium (K), 3.70 ± 0.42 (2.80–4.40) mEq/L. Comparisons of biochemical ranges obtained for the Brazilian donkey breed with reference ranges for other donkey breeds suggested that most values were similar. Biochemical values determined in the present study serve as reference ranges for donkey populations and can be used for health control and diagnosis of diseases.

Leucograma de bezerros Holstein sadios no primeiro mês de vida

To establish reference values and to assess the influence of age on the leukograms of healthy Holstein calves, blood samples were obtained from 300 animals. These samples were distributed equally (n=20) among 15 experimental groups according to age: birth to 8 hours, 9 to 16 hours, 17 to 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 to 7 days, 8 to 9 days, 10 to 11 days, 12 to 13 days, 14 to 15 days, 16 to 20 days, 21 to 25 days and 26 to 30 days of age. The maximum numbers of leukocytes (9,305.0/mL), segmented neutrophils (6,551.2/mL) and total neutrophils (6,678.3/mL) were noted within the first 8 hours of life, while band neutrophils peaked in number (133.3/mL) between 9 and 16 hours after birth. Meanwhile, the maximum total lymphocyte (4,992.1/µL) and typical lymphocyte (4,686.1/µL) counts occurred between 21 and 25 days, whereas atypical lymphocytes (388.5/µL) reached their maximum number between 26 and 30 days, demonstrating an inversion of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio over time. Thus, the influence of age on the leukocyte count of the evaluated calves was verified. The release of endogenous corticosteroids during labor or at birth may contribute to this variation in leukograms with age.

Avaliação comparativa entre acepromazina, detomidina e romifidina em eqüinos

Farmaceutica, Tecnica de Nivel Superior, FMVZ, USP.RESUMOOs efeitos da acepromazina, detomidina e romifidi-na em equinos foram comparados, objetivando-se determinarqual o agente mais seguro e efetivo para a referida especieanimal. Foram utilizados 15 equinos higidos, de ambos os sexos,idades e racas variadas e encaminhados ao setor de Cirurgia doHospital Veterinario da FMVZ - USP. Os animais foram distri-buidos em tres grupos: grupo I, recebeu 0,1mg/kg de aceproma-zina; grupo II recebeu 20mcg/kg de detomidina e grupo III, oqual recebeu 80mcg/kg de romifidina, sendo todos os agentesadministrados atraves da via intravenosa. Previamente a admi-nistracao dos farmacos e aos 15, 30, 60 e 90 minutos, apos suaaplicacao, foram avaliadas a frequencia e ritmo cardiacos,frequencia respiratoria, pressao arterial sistolica e diastolica,assim como foram coletadas amostras de sangue arterial paraverificacao do pH, pressao parcial de oxigenio e pressao parcialde dioxido de carbono. Os resultados foram submetidos a analiseestatistica atraves do teste de analise de variância (ANOVA),seguido do teste de Tukey. Nao foi observada nenhuma alteracaoda frequencia respiratoria nos grupos estudados. Verificou-sediminuicao significativa dos valores da FC nos animais tratadoscom os agentes α-2 agonistas quando comparados com os valo-res obtidos no grupo I. Apos a administracao da acepromazina,observou-se diminuicao significativa das pressoes sistolica ediastolica em relacao aos valores controle. Os animais do grupoI apresentaram valores pressoricos estatisticamente inferiores emrelacao aos valores obtidos nos grupos II e III. Os animais dogrupo II demonstraram incremento da pressao arterial sistolicaapos 15 minutos da aplicacao do agente, com subsequente redu-cao destes valores. O mesmo ocorreu no grupo III, porem, semvalor estatistico significativo. Com estes resultados, pode-seconcluir que a romifidina e a detomidina promoveram alteracoesparametricas de menor intensidade e duracao quando compara-das a acepromazina.Palavras-chave: acepromazina, romifidina, detomidina, equinos.SUMMARYThe effects of acepromazine, detomidine andromifidine were compared in horses in the present study, aimingto determine which agent is safer and more effective for thereferred species of animal. Fifteen healthy horses of the same sex,age and breed varying, were sent to the Surgical Division of theVeterinarian Hospital of FMVZ-USP. The animals weredistributed in three groups; group I - GI - received 0.1mg/kg ofacepromazine; group II - GII - received 20µg/kg of detomidine;group III - GIII received 80µg/kg of romifidine, all agentsdelivered intravenously. Prior to administration of the agents andat 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after their application, the followingparameters were evaluated: heart rate, respiratory rate, systolicand diastolic arterial pressure. Arterial blood samples werecollected to verify pH, partial oxygen pressure and partial carbondioxide pressure. The results were submitted to statisticalanalysis using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by theTukey test. No significant alteration was observed in respiratoryrate of the studied groups. The heart rate significantly decreasedin the animals treated with the alpha-2 agonist agents whencompared to the values obtained in the GI. Followingadministration of acepromazine a significant decrease n systolicand diastolic blood pressures was observed in relation to controlvalues. The animals of GI presented pressure values that werestatistically inferior in relation to the values obtained for groupsII and III. The animals in GII showed an increase in systolic

Decreased erythrocyte osmotic fragility during canine leptospirosis

Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was carried out in nineteen dogs naturally infected by Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. A decreased EOF was observed, suggesting a modification of erythrocyte components secondary to disturbances that occur during canine leptospirosis, such as renal damage and hepatic disease.

Eritrograma de bezerras sadias, da raça Holandesa, no primeiro mês de vida

Com a finalidade de estabelecer valores de referencia e de avaliar a influencia do fator etario sobre o eritrograma de bezerras sadias, da raca Holandesa, utilizaram-se amostras de sangue de 300 animais, distribuidos por 15 grupos experimentais, de acordo com a idade, no primeiro mes de vida. As variacoes dos valores medios obtidos para os componentes do eritrograma foram as seguintes: numero de hemacias (x106/mm3) = 6,68-7,60, volume globular (%) = 29,80-33,35, taxa de hemoglobina (g/dl) = 9,00-10,43, volume corpuscular medio (fl) = 38,93 47,68, hemoglobina corpuscular media (pg) = 11,75-14,69, concentracao de hemoglobina corpuscular media (%) = 29,53-31,63% e numero de reticulocitos (x103/mm3) = 0,00-11,86. A influencia do fator etario provou-se significativa para o volume corpuscular medio, hemoglobina corpuscular media e numero de reticulocitos.

Ureia como marcador de diluição em amostras de lavado traqueobrônquico de potros com rodococose

In the study of infection and inflammatory mechanisms of the lower respiratory tract, the unknown dilution of tracheobronchial wash samples is a serious problem for interpretation of the measured concentrations of various substances. The range of dilution in a true clinical situation was investigated with the goal to determine the validity of using urea dosage in tracheobronchial wash to correct the dilution. The study samples consisted of tracheobronchial wash specimens from 7 foals with Rhodococcus equi infection. Total and differential cell counts were made and compared with clinical status and bacterial recuperation of all samples. The dilution factors of the nasal lavage specimens varied between 14.3 and 130 (median 59.7). The use of urea as a dilution mark improves the accuracy of quantifying total cell concentration in washes. These findings suggest that the most common current practice of meansuring substances in tracheobronchial wash, without correction for the dilution, may induce to false conclusions.