Renata Selvatici Borges Januário

Familiarization and reliability of one repetition maximum strength testing in older women.

Abstract Amarante do Nascimento, M, Januário, RSB, Gerage, AM, Mayhew, JL, Cheche Pina, FL, and Cyrino, ES. Familiarization and Reliability of one repetition maximum Strength Testing in Older Women. J Strength Cond Res 27(6): 1636–1642, 2013—Strength is a fundamental component of physical fitness, and therefore should be precisely assessed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of testing sessions required to achieve consistent 1 repetition maximum (1RM) strength measurements in untrained older women. Forty-five untrained older women were measured for 1RM in bench press machine (BP), leg extension (LE) machine, and free weight arm curl (AC). Reliability coefficients for trials 1 and 2 for BP (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.973) and LE (ICC = 0.976) were higher than for AC (ICC = 0.953). Percent change from trial 1 to 2 for BP (3.5 ± 10.9%) and AC (3.8 ± 8.1%) was less than for LE (5.4 ± 6.2%), but all were significant increases between trials (p < 0.05). Trial differences were reduced to nonsignificant levels (p > 0.05) in the third trial for BP (0.0 ± 0.0%), LE (1.2 ± 3.0%) and AC (2.7 ± 5.9%). Reliability coefficients rose for BP and LE (ICC = 0.999) and AC (ICC = 0.963) when a third trial was performed. Bland and Altman plotting showed very small bias and limits of agreement (LoA) for both the exercises (BP: bias = 0 kg, limits of agreement = 0 kg; LE: bias = −0.16 kg, LoA = 2.21 kg; AC: bias = −0.11 kg, LoA = 1.72 kg). This approach to determine 1RM strength values produced rapid lifting technique familiarization resulting in a need of 2 to 3 test sessions to achieve consistent 1RM measurements in untrained older women.

Physical activity in daily life in physically independent elderly participating in community-based exercise program

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether participation in exercise programs specifically developed for elderly translates into a more active lifestyle. OBJECTIVES To compare the objectively measured level of physical activity in daily life (PADL) between physically independent elderly who participate or do not participate in community-based exercise programs; and to evaluate which factors are associated with the higher level of PADL in these subjects. METHOD 134 elderly participants in community-based exercise programs (PG) and 104 non-participants (NPG) had their level of PADL measured using pedometers during 7 days. OTHER MEASUREMENTS 6-minute walking test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), muscle strength, flexibility and balance. RESULTS The PG had higher 1-week mean daily step count than NPG (8314 [IQR 5971-10060] vs. 6250 [IQR 4346-8207] steps/day, p<0.0001), as well as higher step count in any day of the week. There was a higher proportion of physically active subjects (>8000 steps/day) in PG than in NPG (37% vs. 16%, respectively; p<0.001), as well as the proportion of sedentary subjects (<5000 steps/day) (14% vs. 33%, respectively; p<0.001). Participation in exercise programs, 6MWT and ISWT explained a higher daily steps count (model r(2)=0.56, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In physically independent elderly, a higher level of physical activity in daily life occurs in those who participate in community-based exercise programs, regardless of the weekday and including non-program days. Participation of elderly in community-based exercise programs should be more systematically available and encouraged due to its close link to higher activity levels and better exercise capacity.

Body image, nutritional status, abdominal strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents practicing sports

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls) aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body image, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The variables were assessed on the same day following a standardized order. In order to verify relationships between variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the binary logistic regression was applied to identify the magnitude of the associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS Association was found between body image and body mass index (p=0.001), abdominal strength resistance (p=0.005) and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.001). The Odds Ratio for presenting the body image insatisfaction for those who have not achieved the expected values for the health criteria in abdominal strength resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness were 2.14 and 2.42 times respectively, and for those with overweight and obesity, 2.87 times. CONCLUSIONS Insatisfaction with body image is associated with body mass index and also with physical fitness, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness variables.OBJETIVO: Verificar se ha associacao entre estado nutricional, nivel de aptidao fisica e imagem corporal em criancas e adolescentes. METODOS: Participaram deste estudo transversal 401 estudantes (236 meninos e 165 meninas) com idades entre 8 e 16 anos, praticantes de esportes nos clubes locais. Para o estado nutricional calculou-se o indice de massa corporea. Foram avaliadas a satisfacao com a imagem corporal, a forca de resistencia abdominal e a aptidao cardiorrespiratoria. As variaveis foram analisadas no mesmo dia, seguindo ordem padronizada. Para verificar as associacoes entre as variaveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado. Posteriormente, a regressao logistica binaria foi aplicada para identificar a magnitude das associacoes, considerando-se significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foi constatada associacao entre imagem corporal e indice de massa corporea (p=0,001), forca de resistencia abdominal (p=0,005) e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria (p=0,001). A razao de chances para os participantes que nao atingiram os valores esperados para os criterios de saude na forca de resistencia abdominal e na aptidao cardiorrespiratoria de apresentarem insatisfacao com a imagem corporal foi de 2,14 e 2,42 vezes, respectivamente, e para aqueles com sobrepeso e obesidade, de 2,87 vezes. CONCLUSOES: A insatisfacao com a imagem corporal esta associada ao indice de massa corporea e tambem as variaveis de aptidao fisica, forca de resistencia abdominal e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria.

Imagem corporal, estado nutricional, força de resistência abdominal e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de crianças e adolescentes praticantes de esportes

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls) aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body image, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The variables were assessed on the same day following a standardized order. In order to verify relationships between variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the binary logistic regression was applied to identify the magnitude of the associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS Association was found between body image and body mass index (p=0.001), abdominal strength resistance (p=0.005) and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.001). The Odds Ratio for presenting the body image insatisfaction for those who have not achieved the expected values for the health criteria in abdominal strength resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness were 2.14 and 2.42 times respectively, and for those with overweight and obesity, 2.87 times. CONCLUSIONS Insatisfaction with body image is associated with body mass index and also with physical fitness, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness variables.OBJETIVO: Verificar se ha associacao entre estado nutricional, nivel de aptidao fisica e imagem corporal em criancas e adolescentes. METODOS: Participaram deste estudo transversal 401 estudantes (236 meninos e 165 meninas) com idades entre 8 e 16 anos, praticantes de esportes nos clubes locais. Para o estado nutricional calculou-se o indice de massa corporea. Foram avaliadas a satisfacao com a imagem corporal, a forca de resistencia abdominal e a aptidao cardiorrespiratoria. As variaveis foram analisadas no mesmo dia, seguindo ordem padronizada. Para verificar as associacoes entre as variaveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado. Posteriormente, a regressao logistica binaria foi aplicada para identificar a magnitude das associacoes, considerando-se significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foi constatada associacao entre imagem corporal e indice de massa corporea (p=0,001), forca de resistencia abdominal (p=0,005) e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria (p=0,001). A razao de chances para os participantes que nao atingiram os valores esperados para os criterios de saude na forca de resistencia abdominal e na aptidao cardiorrespiratoria de apresentarem insatisfacao com a imagem corporal foi de 2,14 e 2,42 vezes, respectivamente, e para aqueles com sobrepeso e obesidade, de 2,87 vezes. CONCLUSOES: A insatisfacao com a imagem corporal esta associada ao indice de massa corporea e tambem as variaveis de aptidao fisica, forca de resistencia abdominal e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria.

PHYSICAL FITNESS AND SPORTS ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Introduccion: Una de las funciones de la educacion fisica en la escuela - la promocion de habitos saludables - no se ha cumplido. Delante de eso, la opcion por la participacion de ninos y jovenes en programas de deportes como estrategia para auxiliar en la mejora de los componentes de la aptitud fisica viene siendo ampliamente utilizada. Sin embargo, todavia no esta claro que tipo de deportes pueden ofrecer beneficios de una mayor magnitud. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la asociacion entre los componentes de aptitud fisica orientados a la salud y los deportes individuales y colectivos en los ninos y adolescentes. Metodo: Para eso, participaron del estudio 401 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre ocho y 16 anos. Los componentes de la aptitud fisica se evaluaron mediante la bateria de pruebas PROESP - 2007. Para el analisis de datos se utilizo la prueba de chi-cuadrado y regresion logistica binaria para identificar asociaciones y sus magnitudes. Resultados: Los sujetos que practican deportes individuales mostraron 1,93 y 2,32 veces mas probabilidades de alcanzar los valores esperados de aptitud fisica para el indice de masa corporal y flexibilidad. Por otro lado, los practicantes de modalidades colectivas presentaron 75% mas de probabilidad de alcanzar los criterios de salud de la capacidad fisica para fuerza de miembros superiores. Conclusion: Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que los diversos componentes de la aptitud fisica orientada a la salud estan asociados con los deportes en los ninos y adolescentes.introduction: one of the roles of physical education in school – promoting healthy habits – is not being fulfilled. therefore, participation of children and young people in sports programs, as a strategy to help improve different components of physical fitness, has been widely used. But it is still not clear what types of sports can offer the greatest benefits. objective: to identify the association between different components of physical fitness focused on health, and individual and collective sports in children and adolescents. Methods: 401 subjects aged between eight and 16 years participated in the study. the components of physical fitness were assessed using the ProesP – 2007 battery of tests. for the data analysis, we used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify associations and their magnitudes. results: the subjects who practiced individual sports were 1.93 and 2.32 times more likely to achieve expected values of physical fitness for body mass index and flexibility. on the other hand, those who played collective sports were 75% more likely to achieve the health criteria of physical capacity for upper limb strength. conclusion: We conclude that the various components of health-oriented physical fitness are associated with sports in children and adolescents.

APTIDÃO FÍSICA RELACIONADA À PRÁTICA ESPORTIVA EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES

Introduccion: Una de las funciones de la educacion fisica en la escuela - la promocion de habitos saludables - no se ha cumplido. Delante de eso, la opcion por la participacion de ninos y jovenes en programas de deportes como estrategia para auxiliar en la mejora de los componentes de la aptitud fisica viene siendo ampliamente utilizada. Sin embargo, todavia no esta claro que tipo de deportes pueden ofrecer beneficios de una mayor magnitud. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la asociacion entre los componentes de aptitud fisica orientados a la salud y los deportes individuales y colectivos en los ninos y adolescentes. Metodo: Para eso, participaron del estudio 401 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre ocho y 16 anos. Los componentes de la aptitud fisica se evaluaron mediante la bateria de pruebas PROESP - 2007. Para el analisis de datos se utilizo la prueba de chi-cuadrado y regresion logistica binaria para identificar asociaciones y sus magnitudes. Resultados: Los sujetos que practican deportes individuales mostraron 1,93 y 2,32 veces mas probabilidades de alcanzar los valores esperados de aptitud fisica para el indice de masa corporal y flexibilidad. Por otro lado, los practicantes de modalidades colectivas presentaron 75% mas de probabilidad de alcanzar los criterios de salud de la capacidad fisica para fuerza de miembros superiores. Conclusion: Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que los diversos componentes de la aptitud fisica orientada a la salud estan asociados con los deportes en los ninos y adolescentes.introduction: one of the roles of physical education in school – promoting healthy habits – is not being fulfilled. therefore, participation of children and young people in sports programs, as a strategy to help improve different components of physical fitness, has been widely used. But it is still not clear what types of sports can offer the greatest benefits. objective: to identify the association between different components of physical fitness focused on health, and individual and collective sports in children and adolescents. Methods: 401 subjects aged between eight and 16 years participated in the study. the components of physical fitness were assessed using the ProesP – 2007 battery of tests. for the data analysis, we used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify associations and their magnitudes. results: the subjects who practiced individual sports were 1.93 and 2.32 times more likely to achieve expected values of physical fitness for body mass index and flexibility. on the other hand, those who played collective sports were 75% more likely to achieve the health criteria of physical capacity for upper limb strength. conclusion: We conclude that the various components of health-oriented physical fitness are associated with sports in children and adolescents.

APTITUD FÍSICA RELACIONADA A LA PRÁCTICA DEPORTIVA EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES

Introduccion: Una de las funciones de la educacion fisica en la escuela - la promocion de habitos saludables - no se ha cumplido. Delante de eso, la opcion por la participacion de ninos y jovenes en programas de deportes como estrategia para auxiliar en la mejora de los componentes de la aptitud fisica viene siendo ampliamente utilizada. Sin embargo, todavia no esta claro que tipo de deportes pueden ofrecer beneficios de una mayor magnitud. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue identificar la asociacion entre los componentes de aptitud fisica orientados a la salud y los deportes individuales y colectivos en los ninos y adolescentes. Metodo: Para eso, participaron del estudio 401 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre ocho y 16 anos. Los componentes de la aptitud fisica se evaluaron mediante la bateria de pruebas PROESP - 2007. Para el analisis de datos se utilizo la prueba de chi-cuadrado y regresion logistica binaria para identificar asociaciones y sus magnitudes. Resultados: Los sujetos que practican deportes individuales mostraron 1,93 y 2,32 veces mas probabilidades de alcanzar los valores esperados de aptitud fisica para el indice de masa corporal y flexibilidad. Por otro lado, los practicantes de modalidades colectivas presentaron 75% mas de probabilidad de alcanzar los criterios de salud de la capacidad fisica para fuerza de miembros superiores. Conclusion: Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que los diversos componentes de la aptitud fisica orientada a la salud estan asociados con los deportes en los ninos y adolescentes.introduction: one of the roles of physical education in school – promoting healthy habits – is not being fulfilled. therefore, participation of children and young people in sports programs, as a strategy to help improve different components of physical fitness, has been widely used. But it is still not clear what types of sports can offer the greatest benefits. objective: to identify the association between different components of physical fitness focused on health, and individual and collective sports in children and adolescents. Methods: 401 subjects aged between eight and 16 years participated in the study. the components of physical fitness were assessed using the ProesP – 2007 battery of tests. for the data analysis, we used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to identify associations and their magnitudes. results: the subjects who practiced individual sports were 1.93 and 2.32 times more likely to achieve expected values of physical fitness for body mass index and flexibility. on the other hand, those who played collective sports were 75% more likely to achieve the health criteria of physical capacity for upper limb strength. conclusion: We conclude that the various components of health-oriented physical fitness are associated with sports in children and adolescents.

Imagen corporal, estado nutricional, fuerza de resistencia abdominal y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de niños y adolescentes practicantes de deportes

OBJECTIVE To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls) aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body image, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The variables were assessed on the same day following a standardized order. In order to verify relationships between variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the binary logistic regression was applied to identify the magnitude of the associations, considering p<0.05 as significant. RESULTS Association was found between body image and body mass index (p=0.001), abdominal strength resistance (p=0.005) and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.001). The Odds Ratio for presenting the body image insatisfaction for those who have not achieved the expected values for the health criteria in abdominal strength resistance and cardiorespiratory fitness were 2.14 and 2.42 times respectively, and for those with overweight and obesity, 2.87 times. CONCLUSIONS Insatisfaction with body image is associated with body mass index and also with physical fitness, abdominal strength resistance, and cardiorespiratory fitness variables.OBJETIVO: Verificar se ha associacao entre estado nutricional, nivel de aptidao fisica e imagem corporal em criancas e adolescentes. METODOS: Participaram deste estudo transversal 401 estudantes (236 meninos e 165 meninas) com idades entre 8 e 16 anos, praticantes de esportes nos clubes locais. Para o estado nutricional calculou-se o indice de massa corporea. Foram avaliadas a satisfacao com a imagem corporal, a forca de resistencia abdominal e a aptidao cardiorrespiratoria. As variaveis foram analisadas no mesmo dia, seguindo ordem padronizada. Para verificar as associacoes entre as variaveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado. Posteriormente, a regressao logistica binaria foi aplicada para identificar a magnitude das associacoes, considerando-se significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foi constatada associacao entre imagem corporal e indice de massa corporea (p=0,001), forca de resistencia abdominal (p=0,005) e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria (p=0,001). A razao de chances para os participantes que nao atingiram os valores esperados para os criterios de saude na forca de resistencia abdominal e na aptidao cardiorrespiratoria de apresentarem insatisfacao com a imagem corporal foi de 2,14 e 2,42 vezes, respectivamente, e para aqueles com sobrepeso e obesidade, de 2,87 vezes. CONCLUSOES: A insatisfacao com a imagem corporal esta associada ao indice de massa corporea e tambem as variaveis de aptidao fisica, forca de resistencia abdominal e aptidao cardiorrespiratoria.

Impacto de 24 semanas de treinamento com pesos sobre a composição corporal de idosas

Introduction: Aging is related to alterations on the organism, such as a reduction on muscular mass and an increase of body fat, which can compromise the quality of life of old people. Thus, weight training has been recommended as an alternative to attenuate these reductions. Objective: To investigate the impact of a 24-week strength training program on body composition of elderly women. Methods: Twenty-two women were equally divided in training (TG) and control groups (CG). The TG was submitted to strength training, three times a week and the CG into stretching classes, two times a week. Body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance. Results: CG presented a statistically significant reduction in the fat free mass, total body water and metabolic basal ratio. The TG did not present any changes in these variables (P>0.05). Conclusion: strength training can contribute to the maintenance of the body compositions components.