Arli Ramos de Oliveira

Validação do monitor de medida de pressão arterial Omron HEM 742 em adolescentes

BACKGROUND Accurate blood pressure measurement is fundamental for scientific investigation or clinical decision-making. In this sense, it is important to verify the values provided by electronic devices. OBJECTIVE To validate the Omron HEM 742 blood pressure monitoring device in adolescents according to criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society. METHODS A total of 150 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years participated in the study. The automated Omron HEM 742 monitor was connected in Y to the mercury column auscultatory device, then three simultaneous measurements were taken, and the differences between the readings of the two devices were calculated. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plot (agreement) were used to verify the relationship between both devices. Specificity and sensitivity of the device were determined by using the ROC curve. RESULTS The comparison between the measurements showed an equal to or lower than 5mmHg difference in 67.3% of the systolic values, and 69.3% of the diastolic values; an equal to or lower than 10mmHg difference occurred in 87.3% and 90.6% of the systolic and diastolic values, respectively; an equal to or lower than 15mmHg difference was found in 96.6% of the systolic values and 97.3% of the diastolic values. These findings are consistent with a grade A according to the British Hypertension Society protocol. A marked consonance was observed between the values obtained by the automated monitor and this device was proven to be capable of identifying the presence or absence of high blood pressure. CONCLUSION The Omron HEM 742 monitor was proved valid for blood pressure measurement in adolescents according to the criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society.BACKGROUND: Accurate blood pressure measurement is fundamental for scientific investigation or clinical decision-making. In this sense, it is important to verify the values provided by electronic devices. OBJECTIVE: To validate the Omron HEM 742 blood pressure monitoring device in adolescents according to criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society. METHODS: A total of 150 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years participated in the study. The automated Omron HEM 742 monitor was connected in Y to the mercury column auscultatory device, then three simultaneous measurements were taken, and the differences between the readings of the two devices were calculated. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plot (agreement) were used to verify the relationship between both devices. Specificity and sensitivity of the device were determined by using the ROC curve. RESULTS: The comparison between the measurements showed an equal to or lower than 5mmHg difference in 67.3% of the systolic values, and 69.3% of the diastolic values; an equal to or lower than 10mmHg difference occurred in 87.3% and 90.6% of the systolic and diastolic values, respectively; an equal to or lower than 15mmHg difference was found in 96.6% of the systolic values and 97.3% of the diastolic values. These findings are consistent with a grade A according to the British Hypertension Society protocol. A marked consonance was observed between the values obtained by the automated monitor and this device was proven to be capable of identifying the presence or absence of high blood pressure. CONCLUSION: The Omron HEM 742 monitor was proved valid for blood pressure measurement in adolescents according to the criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society.

Impacto de oito semanas de treinamento com pesos sobre a força muscular de homens e mulheres

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar o impacto de oito semanas de treinamento com pesos (TP) sobre a forca muscular. Para tanto, 23 homens (20,7 ± 1,7 anos) e 15 mulheres (20,9 ± 2,1 anos), aparentemente saudaveis e moderadamente ativos (atividade fisica regular < 2 vezes por semana), foram submetidos a um programa de TP composto por 10 exercicios para os diferentes grupos musculares durante oito semanas consecutivas. Tres series de 8-12 RM foram executadas em cada exercicio, em tres sessoes semanais intervaladas a cada 48 horas. A forca muscular foi determinada pre e pos-treinamento por meio de testes de 1-RM nos exercicios supino em banco horizontal, agachamento e rosca direta de biceps, apos cinco sessoes de familiarizacao. Aumentos na forca muscular foram identificados, em ambos os sexos, nos tres exercicios investigados, bem como no somatorio da carga total levantada (P < 0,01). Apesar de os homens apresentarem forca absoluta maior do que as mulheres em todos os exercicios analisados, os ganhos observados ao longo do tempo foram maiores no sexo feminino (14,7 vs. 7,6% no agachamento; 17,2 vs. 11,0% no supino em banco horizontal; 20,4 vs. 14,0% na rosca direta de biceps). Os resultados sugerem que o periodo de oito semanas de TP parece ser suficiente para promover modificacoes significantes na forca muscular de homens e mulheres, em diferentes segmentos corporais (membros inferiores, tronco e membros superiores).The objective of the present study was to verify the impact of an eight-week weight training program (WT) on the muscular strength. To do so, 23 men (20.7 ± 1.7 years) and 15 women (20.9 ± 2.1 years), apparently healthy and moderately active (regular physical activity < 2 times a week) were submitted to a WT program composed of 10 exercises for the different muscular groups during eight consecutive weeks. Three series of 8-12 RM were performed in each exercise in three weekly sessions with intervals each 48 hours. The pre and post-training muscular strength was determined by means of 1-RM tests in bench press, squat and arm curl exercises after five familiarization sessions. Increases on the muscular strength were verified in both genders in all exercises investigated as well as in the total amount of load lifted (P < 0.01). Although men presented higher absolute strength when compared to women in all exercises evaluated, the gains observed along time were higher for women (14.7 vs. 7.6% in squat; 17.2 vs. 11.0% bench press; 20.4 vs. 14.0% in arm curl). The results suggest that the eight-week WT period seems to be sufficient to promote significant modifications in the muscular strength of men and women in different body segments (lower limbs, trunk and upper limbs).

The use of bioelectrical impedance to detect excess visceral and subcutaneous fat

OBJECTIVE To analyze bioelectrical impedance performance in detecting the presence of excess visceral fat and overweight/obesity in young Brazilians and how its values are related with them. METHODS Study sample consisted of 811 adolescents of both genders (11 to 17 years of age). Nutritional status was determined based on triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), relative body fat (bioelectrical impedance), and excess visceral fat as determined by waist circumference. Statistical analysis was performed using means, standard deviations, linear correlation, Students t test, and ROC curve. RESULTS Bioelectrical impedance achieved good performance in identifying excess visceral fat associated with overweight/obesity in both genders, and was found to be more specific (male 92.4% and female 93.8%) than sensitive (male 86.1% and female 71.8%). CONCLUSION Our findings support the use of bioelectrical impedance to identify the presence of excess visceral and subcutaneous fat in adolescents.

Validation of the omron HEM 742 blood pressure monitoring device in adolescents

BACKGROUND Accurate blood pressure measurement is fundamental for scientific investigation or clinical decision-making. In this sense, it is important to verify the values provided by electronic devices. OBJECTIVE To validate the Omron HEM 742 blood pressure monitoring device in adolescents according to criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society. METHODS A total of 150 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years participated in the study. The automated Omron HEM 742 monitor was connected in Y to the mercury column auscultatory device, then three simultaneous measurements were taken, and the differences between the readings of the two devices were calculated. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plot (agreement) were used to verify the relationship between both devices. Specificity and sensitivity of the device were determined by using the ROC curve. RESULTS The comparison between the measurements showed an equal to or lower than 5mmHg difference in 67.3% of the systolic values, and 69.3% of the diastolic values; an equal to or lower than 10mmHg difference occurred in 87.3% and 90.6% of the systolic and diastolic values, respectively; an equal to or lower than 15mmHg difference was found in 96.6% of the systolic values and 97.3% of the diastolic values. These findings are consistent with a grade A according to the British Hypertension Society protocol. A marked consonance was observed between the values obtained by the automated monitor and this device was proven to be capable of identifying the presence or absence of high blood pressure. CONCLUSION The Omron HEM 742 monitor was proved valid for blood pressure measurement in adolescents according to the criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society.BACKGROUND: Accurate blood pressure measurement is fundamental for scientific investigation or clinical decision-making. In this sense, it is important to verify the values provided by electronic devices. OBJECTIVE: To validate the Omron HEM 742 blood pressure monitoring device in adolescents according to criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society. METHODS: A total of 150 adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years participated in the study. The automated Omron HEM 742 monitor was connected in Y to the mercury column auscultatory device, then three simultaneous measurements were taken, and the differences between the readings of the two devices were calculated. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plot (agreement) were used to verify the relationship between both devices. Specificity and sensitivity of the device were determined by using the ROC curve. RESULTS: The comparison between the measurements showed an equal to or lower than 5mmHg difference in 67.3% of the systolic values, and 69.3% of the diastolic values; an equal to or lower than 10mmHg difference occurred in 87.3% and 90.6% of the systolic and diastolic values, respectively; an equal to or lower than 15mmHg difference was found in 96.6% of the systolic values and 97.3% of the diastolic values. These findings are consistent with a grade A according to the British Hypertension Society protocol. A marked consonance was observed between the values obtained by the automated monitor and this device was proven to be capable of identifying the presence or absence of high blood pressure. CONCLUSION: The Omron HEM 742 monitor was proved valid for blood pressure measurement in adolescents according to the criteria suggested by the British Hypertension Society.

Association between regular participation in sports and leisure time behaviors in Brazilian adolescents: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe belief that adolescents engaged in sports increase their overall physical activity level while simultaneously decreasing physical inactivity has been the foundation of many intervention programs in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between regular participation in sports and both active behaviors and TV viewing during leisure time.MethodsA total of 1752 Brazilian adolescents (812 = male and 940 = female) participated in this study. Regular participation in sports, as well as active behaviors (exemplified by walking or cycling) and TV viewing during leisure time were assessed by means of a questionnaire. The chi-square test analyzed the association between sports practice and leisure time behaviors, and the Poisson regression with robust variance indicated the magnitude of these associations.ResultsThe prevalence of regular participation in sports was 14.8% (95% confidence interval 13.2% to 16.5%). After adjustment for all confounders, participation in sports was associated with, at the highest frequency, cycling (PR = 2.55 [1.80–3.60]) and walking (PR = 2.69 [1.98–3.64]) during leisure time. However, there was not an association between the participation in sports and frequency of TV viewing (PR = 1.28 [0.81–2.02]).ConclusionThis study presented data indicating that the regular participation in sports is positively associated with a higher frequency of physically active behaviors during leisure time. However, the results did not support the hypothesis that the engagement in sports necessarily decreases leisure time spent in TV viewing.

Leisure time behaviors: Prevalence, correlates and associations with overweight in Brazilian adults. A cross-sectional analysis

BACKGROUND Television viewing (TV viewing) is an important indicator of physical inactivity. AIM To analyze the prevalence of different leisure time behaviors and TV viewing among healthy adults and their association with overweight. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross sectional survey in which 1061 females and 925 males aged 30 years old or more, answered a self administered questionnaire about physical activity Respondents were classified according to frequency participation in sports, walking, cycling and TV viewing. Body mass index (BMI) was derived from self reported weight and height. RESULTS Less than 30% of individuals participated regularly in sports and less than 15 and 5% reported a high frequency of walking and cycling, respectively. Subjects regularly engaged in sports had a lower BMI. After adjustments, low cycling frequency and high TV viewing were associated with overweight in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of physical inactivity during leisure time is high among Brazilian adults and associated to obesity.

Comportamento da flexibilidade após 10 semanas de treinamento com pesos

El proposito de este estudio fue analizar el comportamiento de la flexibilidad de diferentes articulaciones despues de 10 semanas de entrenamiento con pesos (TP). Para ello, 16 hombres (23,0 ± 2,1 anos; 68,0 ± 7,0 Kg.; 178,8 ± 8,7 cm) sedentarios, aparentemente saludables, fueron aleatoriamente divididos en grupos de entrenamiento (GT, n = 8) y en grupo control (GC, n = 8). El GT fue sometido a 10 semanas consecutivas de TP (tres sesiones semanales, en dias alternados), al tiempo que el GC no se incluyo en la practica de ningun programa sistematizado de actividades fisicas en ese periodo. Los 11 ejercicios que compusieron el programa de TP fueron ejecutados en tres series de 8-12 RM. Los movimientos de flexion y extension del hombro; flexion, extension y flexion lateral del tronco; flexion y extension de los gluteos; flexion e extension del codo; y flexion de la rodilla fueron utilizados para el analisis del comportamiento de la flexibilidad. ANOVA y ANCOVA para medidas repetidas, seguidas por el test post hoc de Tukey, cuando P < 0,05, fueron utilizadas para el tratamiento de los datos. Aumentos significantes en la flexibilidad entre los momientos pre y el post experimento fueron encontradas en el GT en los movimientos de flexion del hombro (hemicuerpo derecho, P < 0,05), extension de los gluteos (hemicuerpo izquierdo, P < 0,05), extension del tronco (P < 0,05), flexion del tronco (P < 0,05) y flexion lateral del tronco (hemicuerpo derecho, P < 0,05; hemicuerpo izquierdo, P < 0,01). A pesar de eso, el efecto de la interaccion grupo vs. tiempo fue identificado solamente en los movimientos de flexion del codo (hemicuerpos derecho e izquierdo, P < 0,05), extension del gluteo (hemicuerpo izquierdo, P < 0,05) y flexion lateral del tronco (hemicuerpo izquierdo, P < 0,01). Asi, los resultados del presente estudio sugieren que las 10 primeras semanas de practica de TP pueden contribuir efectivamente para la preservacion o mejoria de los niveles de flexibilidad observados en el periodo pre-entrenamiento, en diferentes articulaciones.The objective of this study was to analyze the flexibility behavior of different articulations after 10 weeks of resistance training (RT). That is why, 16 inactive men (23.0 ± 2.1 years; 68.0 ± 7.0 kg; 178.8 ± 8.7 cm) apparently healthy were randomly divided into training group (TG, n = 8) and control group (CG, n = 8). The group TG was submitted to 10 consecutive weeks of RT (three weekly sessions in alternated days), whereas for group CG, no systematized program of physical activities was developed in this period. The 11 exercised that composed the RT program were performed in three series of 8-12 RM. The shoulder flexion and extension, trunk flexion, lateral flexion and extension, hip extension and flexion, elbow extension and flexion and knee flexion were used for the analysis of the flexibility behavior. The ANOVA and ANCOVA for repeated measures, followed by the Tukey post hoc test for P < 0.05 were used for data treatment. Significant increase on flexibility between pre and post experiment were found in TG in shoulder flexion movements (right hemisphere, P < 0.05), hip extension (left hemisphere, P < 0.05), trunk extension (P < 0.05), trunk flexion (P < 0.05) and trunk lateral flexion (right hemisphere, P < 0.05; left hemisphere, P < 0.01). Although, the effect of the interaction group vs time was only identified in elbow flexion movements (right and left hemisphere, P < 0.05), hip extension (left hemisphere, P < 0.05) and trunk lateral flexion (left hemisphere, P < 0.01). Thus, the results of the present study suggest that the 10 first weeks of RT practice may contribute effectively for the maintenance or improvement of the flexibility levels observed in the pre-training period, in different articulations.

Evaluation of the Omron MX3 Plus monitor for blood pressure measurement in adolescents

This study analyzed the accuracy/agreement of the Omron MX3 monitor on 165 adolescents. Blood pressure was measured by the automatic monitor connected in Y with the mercury column (three consecutive and simultaneous measures). The independent measures were analyzed, and the mean differences between systolic and diastolic measures for both methods were calculated and compared with British Hypertension Society (BHS) and Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) criteria. The automatic monitor received the highest degree of BHS recommendations for systolic and diastolic blood pressures according to the BHS. The median (25th and 75th) difference between the observer and the monitor measurements was −2 (−6 and 1) mmHg for systolic and 0 (−3 and1) mmHg for diastolic pressures. The monitor also satisfies the AAMI standard for the studied population. In conclusion, the Omron MX3 Plus monitor can be considered reliable and valid for clinical practice and is in accordance with BHS and AAMI criteria.

Fatores familiares associados à obesidade abdominal entre adolescentes

OBJECTIVES: to investigate the association between family risk factors and abdominal obesity in adolescents. METHODS: the sample comprised 691 young people of both sexes (aged between 11 and 17 years), residing in the municipality of Presidente Prudente, in the State of Sao Paulo, in 2007. Identification of abdominal obesity was based on the waist circumference and family risk factors (level of schooling and overweight in the parents, socio-economic conditions, number of siblings and number of televisions in the household). These variables were collected using questionnaires. Statistical analysis involved application of the chi-squared test and logistic regression (odds ratio [OR] and confidence interval [CI95%]). RESULTS: the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 14.8% in the study sample and there was no difference between males and females (male: 17.7% and female: 12.9%; p=0.111). Abdominal obesity was associated with the private school sector (3.75 [1.27-11.00]), an overweight/obese mother (3.82 [1.14-12.73]) and both parents being overweight/obese (6.21 [2.07-18.63]). CONCLUSIONS: the findings of this study suggest that studying in a private school and overweight parents are the main risk factors associated with abdominal obesity in adolescents.

Variação da força muscular em testes repetitivos de 1-RM em crianças pré-púberes

Although one-repetition maximum tests (1-RM) are widely employed to evaluate the muscular power, the lack of previous familiarization with the test procedures may cause erroneous interpretations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the behavior of the muscular strength in prepubescent children during 1-RM repetitive tests. For this, nine boys (9.5 ± 0.5 years; 35.1 ± 6.9 kg; 138.3 ± 6.1 cm) with no previous experience in weight exerciseswere submitted to eight sessions of 1-RM tests in the leg extension and arm curl exercises, and with a 48 hours interval between sessions. Three trials with 3-5 minutes of resting interval were performed by subjects in each of the chosen exercises. It was observed significant increases of 30.2% and 22.7% between the first and eighth session in the leg extension and arm curl exercise tests, respectively (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the third and eighth session in the leg extension exercise, and between the fifth and the eighth session in the arm curl exercise (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the number of sessions necessary to stabilize the muscular strength in 1-RM tests seems to depend upon the motor task performed, and possibly upon the size of the agonist muscular group involved in performing the motor task. Therefore, the results suggest that to attain a more accurate evaluation on the muscular strength in prepubescent boys by means of 1-RM tests, it is necessary to perform three to five familiarization sessions.Although one-repetition maximum repetition tests (1-RM) are widely employed to evaluate the muscular power, the lack of previous familiarization with the test procedures may cause erroneous interpretations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the behavior of the muscular strength in prepubescent children during 1-RM repetitive tests. For this, nine boys (9.5 ± 0.5 years; 35.1 ± 6.9 kg; 138.3 ± 6.1 cm) with no previous experience in weight exercises were submitted to eight sessions of 1-RM tests in the leg extension and arm curl exercises, and with a 48 hours interval between sessions. Three trials with 3-5 minutes of resting interval were performed by subjects in each of the chosen exercises. It was observed significant increases of 30.2% and 22.7% between the first and eighth session in the leg extension and arm curl exercise tests, respectively (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the third and eighth session in the leg extension exercise, and between the fifth and the eighth session in the arm curl exercise (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the number of sessions necessary to stabilize the muscular strength in 1-RM tests seems to depend upon the motor task performed, and possibly upon the size of the agonist muscular group involved in performing the motor task. Therefore, the results suggest that to attain a more accurate evaluation on the muscular strength in prepubescent boys by means of 1-RM tests, it is necessary to perform three to five familiarization sessions.