Richard J. Andrew

Comparative vertebrate lateralization

Comparative Vertebrate Lateralization. Lesley J. Rogers and Richard J.Andrew, eds. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2001. 660 pp., illus.

Differential involvement of right and left hemisphere in individual recognition in the domestic chick

120.00 (ISBN 0521781612 cloth). Microfabricated Sensors: Application of Optical Technology for DNA Analysis. Richard Kordal, Arthur Usmani, and Wai Tak Law, eds. Oxford University Press, New York, 2002. 158 pp., illus.

Lateralization of response by chicks to change in a model partner

100.00 (ISBN 0841237638 cloth). Primate Dentition: An Introduction to the Teeth of Non-Human Primates. Daris R. Swindler. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2002. 296 pp., illus.

fsi zebrafish show concordant reversal of laterality of viscera, neuroanatomy, and a subset of behavioral responses.

80.00 (ISBN 0521652898 cloth). Proteinase and Peptidase Inhibition: Recent Potential Targets for Drug Development. H. John Smith and Claire Simons, eds. Taylor and Francis, New York, 2002. 420 pp., illus.

The Zebrafish as a Model for Behavioral Studies

150.00 (ISBN 0415273498 hardcover). Self-Trust and Reproductive Autonomy. Carolyn McLeod. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2002. 215 pp.,

Separate processing mechanisms for encoding of geometric and landmark information in the avian hippocampus

29.95 (ISBN 026213408X hardcover). Synthetic Peptides: A User’s Guide. 2nd ed. Gregory Grant, ed. Oxford University Press, New York, 2002. 390 pp., illus.

Right eye use associated with decision to bite in zebrafish

55.00 (ISBN 0195132610 paper). The Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Accommodating Pluralism. Daniel Callahan, ed. Georgetown University Press, Washington, DC, 2002. 214 pp., illus.,

Age- and stimulus-specific use of right and left eyes by the domestic chick

44.95 (ISBN 0878408770 hardcover).

A single time-window for protein synthesis-dependent long-term memory formation after one-trial appetitive conditioning.

Right hemisphere advantage in individual recognition (as shown by differences between response to strangers and companions) is clear in the domestic chick. Chicks using the left eye (and so, thanks to the complete optic decussation, predominantly the right hemisphere) discriminate between stranger and companion. Chicks using the right eye discriminate less clearly or not at all. The ability of left eyed chicks to respond to differences between strangers and companions stimuli is associated with a more general ability to detect and respond to novelty: this difference between left and right eyed chicks also holds for stimuli which are not social partners. The right hemisphere also shows advantage in tasks with a spatial component (topographical learning; response to change in the spatial context of a stimulus) in the chick, as in humans. Similar specialisations of the two hemispheres are also revealed in tests which involve olfactory cues presented by social partners. The special properties of the left hemisphere are less well established in the chick. Evidence reviewed here suggests that it tends to respond to selected properties of a stimulus and to use them to assign it to a category; such assignment then allows an appropriate response. When exposed to an imprinting stimulus (visual or auditory) a chick begins by using right eye or ear (suggesting left hemisphere control), and then shifts to the left eye or ear (suggesting right hemisphere control), as exposure continues. The left hemisphere here is thus involved whilst behaviour is dominated by vigorous response to releasing stimuli presented by an object. Subsequent learning about the full detailed properties of the stimulus, which is crucial for individual recognition, may explain the shift to right hemisphere control after prolonged exposure to the social stimulus. There is a marked sex difference in choice tests: females tend to choose companions in tests where males choose strangers. It is possible that this difference is specifically caused by stronger motivation to sustain social contact in female chicks, for which there is extensive evidence. However, sex differences in response to change in familiar stimuli are also marked in tests which do not involve social partners. Finally, in both sexes there are two periods during development in which there age-dependent shifts in bias to use one or other hemisphere. These periods (days 3-5 and 8-11) coincide with two major changes in the social behaviour of chicks reared by a hen in a normal brood. It is argued that one function of these periods is to bring fully into play the hemisphere most appropriate to the type of response to, and learning about, social partners which is needed at particular points in development. Parallels are discussed between the involvement of lateralised processes in the recognition of social partners in chicks and humans.

Precocious adult behaviour in the young chick

When given a choice test male chicks, Gallus gallus domesticus L., using only their left eye chose to associate with the model with which they lived rather than moderate or large transformations of it. When choosing between a familiar model and a small transformation (45° rotation of a bar on the face of a spherical model) or between a cagemate and a strange chick (from the same batch as those with which the chick lived), left-eyed chicks chose the strange model or chick. Males using both eyes behaved like left-eyed males, suggesting that the right hemisphere here controls normal behaviour. Right-eyed males chose at random, except when transformations were large; they then chose the familiar model. Female chicks under all conditions chose the familiar model, but when given a choice between familiar and strange chicks righteyed females, like right-eyed males, failed to choose. Lateralization is thus not absent in females, but is sometimes masked. These findings and earlier evidence using very different stimuli suggest that the visual systems fed by the left eye are specialized to respond to small changes in any of a variety of stimulus properties.