Rinaldo Batista Viana

Influência da gestação e do puerpério sobre o leucograma de caprinos da raça Saanen, criados no Estado de São Paulo

With the intention of evaluating the influence of pregnancy and puerperium in the leucogram of Saanen goats (Capra hircus), blood samples were taken from 150 goats bred on the State of Sao Paulo and were allotted into 5 experimental groups of 30 goats each as described: non-pregnant; initial pregnancy (30 to 60 days of pregnancy); middle pregnancy (60 to 120 days of pregnancy); late pregnancy (more than 120 days of pregnancy); kidding goats (until 30 days after parturition). The blood samples were collected with EDTA and submitted to the following tests: total leukocyte counts (in the modified Neubauer hemocytometer, using Thomas liquid as a dilute); and differential leukocyte count (made up with blood smears and stained with Rosenfeld method). The influence of pregnancy and puerperium on the leucogram was verified due to a gradual decrease on the number of leucocytes further on in pregnancy, reaching its lower values at the end of pregnancy and puerperium. This decrease occurred due to behavior observed on the absolute number of lymphocytes that also decreased further on in pregnancy. Therefore the leucograma became mostly neutrophilic at the end of pregnancy and puerperium.

Perfil hematológico de búfalas da raça Murrah, criadas ao sol e à sombra, em clima tropical da Amazônia Oriental

Foram avaliadas as respostas hematologicas de 20 bufalas, criadas ao sol (grupo - SS) e a sombra (grupo - CS), em Belem, Para. Os animais do grupo CS (n = 10) estavam em sistema silvipastoril, com Racosperma mangium e os do SS (n = 10), em piquetes sem sombra, em pastagem de Brachiaria humidicola, agua para beber e sal mineral. Foram mensuradas temperatura do ar (TA), umidade relativa do ar (UR) e temperatura de globo negro, em cada tratamento. A coleta de sangue para eritrograma e numero total de leucocitos foi realizada a cada 14 dias, as 13 h, durante o ano de 2009. Atraves da analise de variância constatou-se que em todos os periodos do ano, a TA e indice de temperatura de globo e umidade (ITGU) foram diferentes (P < 0,05), com niveis mais elevados no grupo SS. No periodo mais chuvoso, o grupo CS apresentou valores elevados de leucocitos, enquanto nos periodos de transicao e menos chuvoso, foram maiores no grupo SS. No periodo menos chuvoso do ano, o grupo SS apresentou maiores valores de hemacias. O teor de hemoglobina teve maiores niveis (P < 0,05) nos periodos de transicao e menos chuvoso. Somente a hemoglobina teve correlacao significativa e negativa (P < 0,05) com a UR. Conclui-se que as novilhas bufalas Murrah estao sujeitas a um ambiente hostil e o periodo menos chuvoso e o mais propicio a causar estresse termico.

Hormonal changes in female buffaloes under shading in tropical climate of Eastern Amazon, Brazil

The hormonal responses of 20 female buffaloes raised under the sun (SS group) or in the shade (CS group) in Belem, Para, Brazil, were assessed. The CS group (n = 10) was kept in a silvopasture system featuring Racosperma mangium, whereas the SS group (n = 10) was kept in paddocks without shade featuring Brachiaria humidicola, drinking water, and mineral salt. The following parameters were measured for each treatment: dry-bulb temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH), and black-globe temperature in order to calculate the globe temperature and humidity index (GTHI). Blood sample collections to quantitatively determine levels of cortisol, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) were performed every 14 days, at 13.00 h. Different seasons of the year were also assessed: rainy (January-April), transition (May-July), and less rainy (August-December). Analysis of variance revealed that AT and the index of global temperature and humidity (GTHI) differed between groups; specifically, higher values were found in the SS group, which shows how important silvopastoral systems are in buffalo farming in tropical climates. Relative humidity was significantly different across seasons and particularly high in the rainy season. The treatments influenced cortisol such that higher values were observed in the SS group. The highest mean cortisol levels were recorded during the rainy and less rainy seasons, whereas the highest T3 and T4 levels were recorded only during the rainy season. Triiodothyronine and thyroxine were negatively correlated with AT and GTHI and positively correlated with RH. Silvopastoral systems provide thermal comfort to buffaloes, and the less rainy season is more likely to cause heat stress.

Dinâmica da eliminação de ovos por nematódeos gastrintestinais, durante o periparto de vacas de corte, no Estado do Pará

The experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamics of infection by gastrointestinal nematodes during the periparturition period in cows. One hundred and six beef cows were divided into two groups: G1 was formed by 42 cows of one and two parturitions, and G2 by 76 cows of three or more parturitions. From the 120 days pre partum until the 90 days post partum, feces were collected for faecal egg counts (EPG) while blood was collected to determine the packed cell volume and hemoglobin levels of each animal, with monthly intervals. In the same intervals the body condition scores (BCS) were evaluated. The mean values +/- standard deviation of the EPG for G1 were equal to 19.4 +/- 42.9, and for G2 31.1 +/- 68.0. No significant differences were observed between G1 and G2 in relation to EPG and hematological parameters, which remained within normal patterns for both groups. The two groups had higher counts of EPG in the post partum period than in the pre partum period, with averages of 32.5 +/- 55.5 and 51.5 +/- 84.8 for groups G1 and G2, respectively. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in the parameters was observed when comparing the pre and post partum within each group studied resulting in declining values of blood and body score and an increase in EPG in the post partum. The results suggest that the cows may be more susceptible to infection by nematodes from giving birth up to 90 days post partum. However, adult cows, when well managed, are not an important factor in the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes, even in the post partum period.

Influência da gestação e do puerpério sobre o eritrograma de caprinos (Capra hircus) da raça Saanen, criados no Estado de São Paulo

The influence of pregnancy and puerperium on the erythrogram of Saanen goats (Capra hircus) was evaluate on blood samples were taken from 150 goats raised on the State of Sao Paulo and were allocated into 5 experimental groups of 30 goats each as described: non-pregnant; initial pregnancy (30 -| 60 days of pregnancy); middle pregnancy (60 -| 120 days of pregnancy); late pregnancy (more than 120 days of pregnancy); kidding goats (until 30 days after parturition). The blood samples were collected with EDTA and submitted to the following analysis: erythrocyte counts (at the modified Neubauer hemocytometer, using Gowers liquid as a dilute); packed cell volume (using the microhematocrit method); hemoglobin concentration (using cyanmethemoglobin method); calculated blood indices: MCV - mean corpuscular volume; MCH - mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC - mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Although lower number of erytrocytes were seen at the end of pregnancy, the blood values returned to normality during the kidding phase. These values returned to those observed in non-pregnant goats, goats in early and middle pregnancy. The evaluation of the hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume did not show any significant variation that could be attributed to pregnancy or the puerperium. The MCV and MCH values were higher in goats in late pregnancy and during kidding.

Intervalos de referência sanguíneos e a influência da idade e sexo sobre parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de ovinos da raça Santa Inês criados na Amazônia Oriental

Blood count and biochemical tests are used to diagnose diseases in domestic animals. These tests can be influenced by age, gender, nutrition, breed, species and environmental conditions. Thus, data from one region should not be extrapolated to animals raised in other regions. The objective of this study was to determine the hematological and biochemical values of different ages and genders of Santa Ines sheep, raised in the eastern Amazon. There were examined 91 sheep that were assigned to three groups: G1 (three to six months old, n = 31); G2 (seven to 24 months old, n = 30) and G3 (above 24 months old, n = 30). The blood cell count, white blood count and biochemical determinations were made with an automatic counter and a semi-automatic analyzer, respectively. Mean values were compared using the Tukey test. The number of erythrocytes, the red blood indices, the thrombogram, eosinophils, total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations were influenced by the age of the animals. The erythrocyte coefficient of variation and the creatinine concentration were influenced by gender, and were greater in males. The neutrophil:lymphocyte (N:L) ratio was greater than one for all age groups. This study led to the determination of reference values for sheep raised in the Eastern Amazon and demonstrated that when interpreting hematological and biochemical tests of sheep, age and gender must be considered.

Influência da parição e do puerpério sobre eritrograma de caprinos (Capra hircus - Linaeus, 1758) da raça Saanen, criados no Estado de São Paulo

Com o objetivo de avaliar a influencia da paricao e do puerperio sobre o eritrograma de caprinos da raca Saanen foram colhidas 360 amostras de sangue de 20 cabras, sendo os resultados apresentados em 18 momentos do puerperio: 32, 16, 8, 4, 3, 2, 1 e ½ dias antes do parto, imediatamentee apos a paricao, ½, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 16, 32 e 64 dias apos o parto.Nas amostras de sangue colhidas em frascos contendo EDTA, foram realizadas as seguintes determinacoes: contagem do numero de hemacias, em câmara de Neubauer modificada, utilizando-se o liquido de Gower como diluidor; determinacao do volume globular, pelo metodo do microhematocrito; dosagem da taxa de hemoglobina, pelo metodo da cianometahemoglobina e calculo dos indices hematimetricos absolutos (VCM, HCM, CHCM). A avaliacao dos resultados obtidos demonstrou que o eritrograma nao sofreu influencia da paricao e do puerperio.

Clinical and laboratory assessment of Mangalarga Marchador horses submitted to marcha exercise

José Dantas Ribeiro Filho1*, Rinaldo Batista Viana2, Hélio Cordeiro Manso Filho3, Waleska de Melo Ferreira Dantas4, Micheline Ozana da Silva5, Pedro Ancelmo Nunes Ermita4, Samuel Rodrigues Alves6, Lorena Chaves Monteiro6 & Caio Monteiro Costa6 1 Veterinarian, DSc, Professor. Departamento de Veterinária – DVT, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brasil 2 Veterinarian, DSc, Professor. Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal ISPA, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil 3 Veterinarian, PhD, Professor. Departamento de ZootecniaDZO, Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina NPE, Universidade Federal Rural do Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil 4 Veterinarians, DSc. Departamento de Veterinária – DVT, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brasil 5 Physiotherapist, DSc. Departamento de Veterinária – DVT, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brasil 6 Veterinarians, MSc. Departamento de Veterinária – DVT, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde – CCB, Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Viçosa, MG, Brasil How to cite: Ribeiro Filho, J. D., Viana, R. B., Manso Filho, H. C., Dantas, W. M. F., Silva, M. O., Ermita, P. A. N., Alves, S. R., Monteiro, L. C., & Costa, C. M. (2018). Clinical and laboratory assessment of Mangalarga Marchador horses submitted to marcha exercise. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 40, e47418. doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm47418

Ocorrência de Cryptosporidium spp. em bezerros bubalinos no estado do Pará

Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonosis caused by opportunistic protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium spp. that attacks various animal species, including humans. This study had the objective of determining the occurrence of infection by Cryptosporidium spp. in buffalo raised in the state of Para, Brazil, and establishing the relations between Cryptosporidium spp., the age of the animal and the presence of clinical signs of diarrhea. A total of 253 samples of feces from one day to 6-month old buffalo were analyzed. The fecal samples, collected directly from the rectum, were classified as diarrheal and non-diarrheal and analyzed with an optical microscope after centrifuge-concentration and staining with Kinyoun stain. Laboratory analysis revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in 2.37% (6/253) samples, all of which had a firm consistency. No significant relation was established between infection by Cryptosporidium spp., the animals age from one day to 6-month and clinical symptoms of diarrhea.

Eficiência produtiva de búfalos no estado do pará em diferentes condições de suplementação mineral

O monitoramento do consumo de diferentes misturas minerais foi avaliado em 84 bufalos mesticos distribuidos em duas fazendas (1 e 2) localizadas na Meso-regiao do Nordeste Paraense para a avaliacao do custo beneficio de cada produto. As fazendas apresentavam pastagens do tipo Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Marandu onde os animais foram mantidos durante 14 meses. Os animais foram divididos em dois lotes. O lote 1 de cada fazenda recebeu um produto comercial de suplementacao mineral recomendado para bubalinos (Topbufalo Matsuda®) e o lote 2, o produto comercial de suplementacao mineral convencional da propriedade, no qual era indicado para a especie bovina. Na fazenda 1, o consumo da mistura mineral a ser testada foi inferior ao consumo da mistura mineral convencional e na fazenda 2, o consumo de ambos os lotes foi semelhante. O produto comercial recomendado para bufalos em regime de pastagem, em ambos os sistemas, promoveu um melhor desempenho no ganho de peso dos bufalos quando comparado a produtos comerciais recomendados para a especie bovina. O peso medio da carcaca quente dos animais que consumiram a mistura mineral a ser testada foi superior a dos animais que receberam a mistura mineral convencional. O gasto com a suplementacao mineral foi superior com os produtos convencionais em ambas as fazendas, com rendimentos liquidos menores do que a suplementacao a ser testada. Conclui-se que a eficiencia produtiva dos animais utilizando uma suplementacao recomendada para bubalinos em regime de pastagem supera a eficiencia produtiva de bufalos quando se utiliza uma suplementacao recomendada para bovinos.