Roberto Ariel Abeldaño

Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en dos regiones argentinas y su relación con indicadores de pobreza

Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.

Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in people affected by the 2010 earthquake in Chile

Se analizo un screening de trastornos de estres postraumatico en habitantes chilenos, como consecuencia del terremoto de febrero de 2010; a partir de una Encuesta Post Terremoto con una muestra multietapica de 24.982 personas mayores de 18 anos, a quienes se aplico la Escala de Trauma de Davidson. La prevalencia de screening positivo para los trastornos de estres postraumatico fue del 11% en el pais, pero a menor nivel de desagregacion llegaron a observarse prevalencias del 30%. El modelo de regresion logistica para la estimacion de la variable trastornos de estres postraumatico identifico como factores de riesgo el hecho de pertenecer un hogar pobre, haber sufrido danos en la vivienda, haber tenido algun problema de salud en el ultimo mes y ser mujer (p<0,05). Tambien se encontro que el afrontamiento del sismo en familia resulto como un factor protector, en relacion a afrontarlo con otros colectivos sociales (vecinos), la mayor cantidad de anos de educacion formal tambien fue identificada como un factor de proteccion (p<0,05). Se observaron claras desigualdades sociales en las personas que presentaron un screening positivo.The authors conducted an assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder screening in the Chilean population following the February 2010 earthquake, based on the Post Earthquake Survey with a multistage sample of 24,982 individuals over 18 years of age, applying the Davidson Trauma Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed with significance set at p<0.05. Prevalence of positive screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was 11% for the country as a whole, but reached 30% at lower-level disaggregation. The logistic regression model for post-traumatic stress disorder identified the following risk factors: belonging to a low-income family, having suffered damage to the household, a history of health problems in the previous month, and female gender (p<0.05). Family coping with the earthquake proved to be a protective factor as compared to other social or neighborhood groups, and more years of schooling were also protective (p<0.05). Positive screening for posttraumatic stress disorders revealed clear social inequalities.

Screening de trastornos de estrés postraumático en población afectada por el terremoto chileno de 2010

Se analizo un screening de trastornos de estres postraumatico en habitantes chilenos, como consecuencia del terremoto de febrero de 2010; a partir de una Encuesta Post Terremoto con una muestra multietapica de 24.982 personas mayores de 18 anos, a quienes se aplico la Escala de Trauma de Davidson. La prevalencia de screening positivo para los trastornos de estres postraumatico fue del 11% en el pais, pero a menor nivel de desagregacion llegaron a observarse prevalencias del 30%. El modelo de regresion logistica para la estimacion de la variable trastornos de estres postraumatico identifico como factores de riesgo el hecho de pertenecer un hogar pobre, haber sufrido danos en la vivienda, haber tenido algun problema de salud en el ultimo mes y ser mujer (p<0,05). Tambien se encontro que el afrontamiento del sismo en familia resulto como un factor protector, en relacion a afrontarlo con otros colectivos sociales (vecinos), la mayor cantidad de anos de educacion formal tambien fue identificada como un factor de proteccion (p<0,05). Se observaron claras desigualdades sociales en las personas que presentaron un screening positivo.The authors conducted an assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder screening in the Chilean population following the February 2010 earthquake, based on the Post Earthquake Survey with a multistage sample of 24,982 individuals over 18 years of age, applying the Davidson Trauma Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed with significance set at p<0.05. Prevalence of positive screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was 11% for the country as a whole, but reached 30% at lower-level disaggregation. The logistic regression model for post-traumatic stress disorder identified the following risk factors: belonging to a low-income family, having suffered damage to the household, a history of health problems in the previous month, and female gender (p<0.05). Family coping with the earthquake proved to be a protective factor as compared to other social or neighborhood groups, and more years of schooling were also protective (p<0.05). Positive screening for posttraumatic stress disorders revealed clear social inequalities.

Psychometric properties of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale adapted for people who use psychoactive substances.

BACKGROUND People who consume psychoactive substances may experience situations of social stigma on the part of the society in general, and also situations of internalized-stigma derived from their own consumption of substances. The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale has been shown to be valid and reliable to evaluate the internalized-stigma in people with severe mental disorders, but in Argentina there is no a Spanish version of this scale for use with people who use psychoactive substances. The objective of this work was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness instrument adapted for people who use psychoactive substances. METHOD The work was carried out on a sample of 200 patients older than 18 years under treatment of rehabilitation by consumption of psychoactive substances in a public institution of the city of Córdoba (Argentina) between the years 2014 and 2016. The instrument used was the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) previously adapted for use in these groups of patients. It was determined the reliability of the scale through Cronbachs coefficients α and factorial structure was analyzed through an exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS The obtained coefficients showed a high reliability, while in the factorial structure emerged the 4 theoretical dimensions described by Ritsher, namely: social isolation, perceived discrimination, alienation and stereotyping. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the scale adapted for people who use psychoactive substances is reliable and with an adequate factorial structure.

Análisis del gasto de los hogares en salud en Argentina, como componente de la cobertura universal de salud

The 2010 World Health Report of WHO established a conceptual framework for the analysis of the components of Universal Health Coverage; three dimensions were suggested: services coverage, financial coverage, and population coverage. Within this framework, health-related spending of argentine households for the year 2012-2013 are analyzed. The analysis was performed on data retrieved from the National Survey of Household Expenditure 2012-2013. Household healthcare expenditure indicators were built following Sherris proposal (2012) and multivariate models were defined to identify determiners of household spending. Results indicate that catastrophic spending situations affect 2.3% of the country households, whereas impoverishment resulting from spending on healthcare was detected in 1.7% of them.

Salud mental en la comunidad en situaciones de desastre. Una revisión de los modelos de abordaje en la comunidad

A review of narrative literature is performed, aimed at exploring psychosocial intervention models in disaster situations. The documents reviewed were retrieved from PubMed, SciELO, GoogleScholar, and Medline, correspond to the period 1980-2014, and are written in Spanish, English and French. Web pages of international and government organizations were also searched. Four types of psychosocial interventions in disaster situations were identified: based on time, centered on a specific type of disaster, by spheres or levels of action, and person-centered. This review detected differences and similarities arising from the theoretical conception of disasters and the integral vision of the phenomena. The importance of creating and supporting programs based on community empowerment and participation as the basis for psychosocial intervention is stressed.

Triagem para transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em pessoas afetadas pelo terremoto chileno de 2010

Se analizo un screening de trastornos de estres postraumatico en habitantes chilenos, como consecuencia del terremoto de febrero de 2010; a partir de una Encuesta Post Terremoto con una muestra multietapica de 24.982 personas mayores de 18 anos, a quienes se aplico la Escala de Trauma de Davidson. La prevalencia de screening positivo para los trastornos de estres postraumatico fue del 11% en el pais, pero a menor nivel de desagregacion llegaron a observarse prevalencias del 30%. El modelo de regresion logistica para la estimacion de la variable trastornos de estres postraumatico identifico como factores de riesgo el hecho de pertenecer un hogar pobre, haber sufrido danos en la vivienda, haber tenido algun problema de salud en el ultimo mes y ser mujer (p<0,05). Tambien se encontro que el afrontamiento del sismo en familia resulto como un factor protector, en relacion a afrontarlo con otros colectivos sociales (vecinos), la mayor cantidad de anos de educacion formal tambien fue identificada como un factor de proteccion (p<0,05). Se observaron claras desigualdades sociales en las personas que presentaron un screening positivo.The authors conducted an assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder screening in the Chilean population following the February 2010 earthquake, based on the Post Earthquake Survey with a multistage sample of 24,982 individuals over 18 years of age, applying the Davidson Trauma Scale. Multivariate analysis was performed with significance set at p<0.05. Prevalence of positive screening for post-traumatic stress disorder was 11% for the country as a whole, but reached 30% at lower-level disaggregation. The logistic regression model for post-traumatic stress disorder identified the following risk factors: belonging to a low-income family, having suffered damage to the household, a history of health problems in the previous month, and female gender (p<0.05). Family coping with the earthquake proved to be a protective factor as compared to other social or neighborhood groups, and more years of schooling were also protective (p<0.05). Positive screening for posttraumatic stress disorders revealed clear social inequalities.

Consumo de substâncias psicoativas em duas regiões argentinas e sua relação com indicadores de pobreza

Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.

Psychoactive substance use in two regions of Argentina and its relationship to poverty

Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.Data were analyzed from the National Survey on Substance Use (ENPreCoSP-2.008) in 6,122 cases to estimate the prevalence of psychoactive substance use and assess the association between unmet basic needs (UBN) and family income and the consumption of psychoactive substances by individuals 18-34 years of age in 10 provinces in Northern Argentina. The study conducted descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression. Prevalence of lifetime drug use and use in the previous year and previous month were higher for legal versus illegal substances. Consumption was also higher in males. Poverty indicators were significantly associated with the consumption of legal substances. The findings show differences in consumption of psychoactive substances related to gender and poverty.