Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco Pompeu

Desempenho produtivo e características de carcaça de ovinos em confinamento alimentados com rações contendo torta de mamona destoxificada em substituição ao farelo de soja

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of four substitution levels (0; 33; 67 and 100%) of soybean meal by detoxified castor cake on performance and carcass characteristics of 20 non-castrated male crossbred Morada Nova lambs, with mean body weight of 18.7 kg, in a randomized blocks design with four treatments and five replicates. Performance, carcass weight, carcass yield and relative composition of the commercial cuts were evaluated. The substitution levels of soybean meal by detoxified castor cake had no effect on final live weight or total weight gain in feedlot, but it caused decreasing linear effect on average daily gain and feed conversion ratio was observed. There was no effect of the substitution levels of soybean meal by detoxified castor cake on final body weight, live weight at fasting, empty body weight, hot carcass weight or cold carcass weight. The hot carcass yield was affected by substitution levels; the same behavior was observed for cold carcass yield. Rib weight and yield and shoulders yield had linear decrease of substitution levels of soybean meal by detoxified castor cake, whereas weight and yield of other regions did not present any effect for the substitution levels. Detoxified castor cake can be utilized in levels of up to 67% in substitution of the soybean meal in sheep diets.

Antioxidant effect of mango seed extract and butylated hydroxytoluene in bologna-type mortadella during storage

The effects of mango seed extract (MSE) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on pH, lipid oxidation, and color of Bologna-type mortadella during refrigerated storage for 21 days were studied. Bologna-type mortadella samples were formulated to contain 0.1% MSE, 0.2% MSE, or 0.01% BHT. After 14 days of storage, the products containing MSE 0.1 or 0.2% had higher pH values than those containing BHT 0.01%. Lipid oxidation values increased with storage time but were not affected by the type of antioxidant. The highest values for color parameter L* were observed for mortadella containing BHT 0.01% after 7, 14, and 21 days of storage. Values for the color parameters a* and b* tended to decrease during mortadella storage. Products containing 0.1 or 0.2% MSE showed higher values for color parameter a* and lower values for color parameter b* compared to those containing 0.01% BHT. It can be concluded that MSE can be used in 0.1 or 0.2% levels in Bologna-type mortadella with similar or better antioxidant effects than those of BHT 0.01%.

Fluxo de biomassa em capim-tanzânia sob lotação rotativa com quatro níveis de suplementação concentrada

Avaliou-se o fluxo de biomassa em capim-tanzânia sob lotacao rotativa com quatro niveis de suplementacao concentrada, com periodo de ocupacao de tres dias e descanso de 21 dias, em delineamento de parcelas subdivididas, de modo que as parcelas foram os niveis de suplementacao (0,0; 0,6; 1,2 e 1,8% do PV) e as subparcelas, os ciclos de pastejo (quatro), com tres repeticoes (piquetes amostrais). Nao houve efeito dos niveis de suplementacao e dos ciclos de pastejo sobre a relacao entre as taxas de lâmina foliar (TAlF) das folhas 1 e 2 recentemente expandidas, com media de 0,69. A suplementacao e os ciclos de pastejo tiveram efeito quadratico sobre a taxa de alongamento foliar, cujas estimativas foram de 5,04; 4,95 (ponto de minimo estimado) e 5,7 cm/perfilho·dia nos niveis de 0,0; 0,46 e 1,8% de suplementacao, respectivamente. A taxa de alongamento das hastes e a altura do pseudocolmo nao foram afetadas pelos niveis de suplementacao. As taxas de senescencia foliar anterior, posterior e total nao foram afetadas pelos niveis de suplementacao nem pelos ciclos de pastejo. Nao houve efeito dos niveis de suplementacao nem dos ciclos de pastejo sobre o filocrono. A taxa de crescimento da cultura e a taxa de acumulo da cultura nao foram afetadas pelos niveis de suplementacao nem pelos ciclos de pastejo. O indice de area foliar residual foi estimado em 2,00 e de 2,72 nos niveis de suplementacao de 0,0 e 1,8% PV. Nao houve diferenca na densidade populacional de perfilhos entre os niveis de suplementacao, porem, entre ciclos, observou-se que o ciclo 4 foi superior ao 2 e semelhante aos demais. Os componentes do fluxo de biomassa do capim-tanzânia sao pouco afetados pelos niveis de suplementacao.

Pre- and post-grazing biomass components of tanzania grass under intermittent stocking with four concentrate supplementation levels

This research evaluated the canopy structure of tanzania grass under intermittent stocking with four concentrate supplementation levels (SL) (0.0; 0.6; 1.2 and, 1.8% of live weight), in a split plot design, with SL being plots and grazing cycles (GC) subplots, with four replicates. Total herbage dry mass (MSFT), death herbage dry mass (MSFM), green herbage dry mass (MSFV), green leaf blade dry mass (MSLV), green stem dry mass (MSCV), canopy height (ALT); number of live leaf per tiller (F/P), leaf/stem (F/C) and live/death material (MV/MM) ratios, pre- and post-grazing, as well as the tiller populational density (DPP) pre-grazing and residual leaf area index (IAFres) were determined. Considering pre-grazing biomass components, it was not observed significative effects between SL and GC to F/P, MSFM, MSFV, MV/MM, MSLV and, MSCV. For canopy height, it was observed difference between cycle 4 compared to others. The MSFT was affected by SL, where the sheeps supplemented with 0.6% LW was similar to the ones supplemented with 0.0 and 1.8% LW levels, however at the 0.6% LW level, MSFT was greater than 1.2% LW. There were no effects of SL and cycles on MSFTres and MSFMres. It was not observed differences among 0.0, 0.6 and 1.8% SL on MSFTres and MSFMres, however the 0.6% SL (LW) was greater than 1.2% SL (LW). There was a squared effect of SL on MSFVres, however, there was no observed effect of cycles. It was not observed effect of SL and GC on the MV/MMres relation. It was observed a squared effect of SL on the MSLVres and IAFres. There was a squared effect of SL on the MSCVres. The addition of SL caused increase in F/Cres. It was not observed effect of SL on DPP. The SL did not affect the pasture regrowth vigor, because of the maintenance of biomass components in accepted levels.

Gas exchange in massai grass under five nitrogen fertilization levels during establishment and regrowth

The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchange in the massai grass during establishment and regrowth cycles in a greenhouse, using five nitrogen (N) fertilization levels. A completely randomized split-plot design of five nitrogen levels (0; 150; 300; 450 and 600 mg N•dm-3 of soil) was employed with the N levels as plots, and the cycles (establishment, regrowth 1 and 2) as subplots, evaluated with five replicates. We evaluated leaf transpiration (E), leaf temperature (TFOL), leaf photosynthesis rate (A), leaf carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs), photosynthesis/transpiration ratio (A/E), photosynthesis/conductance ratio (A/gs), chlorophyll relative index (CRI), and nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI). Growth cycles influenced all physiological characteristics, except for NSI. N fertilization levels affected TFOL, A, CRI and NSI variables, whereas for gs, E, Ci, A/E and A/gs it did not occur. A increased from 6.38 to 10.33 µmol•m-2.s-1, at levels 0 and 600 mg N•dm-3 of soil, respectively. Gas exchange in the massai grass was favored by nitrogen fertilization, since the cycles amended these characteristics of the grass.

Viabilidade econômico-financeira do confinamento de ovinos alimentados com rações contendo torta de mamona

Twenty sheep were placed in a completely randomized block design and submitted to one of five treatments testing castor cake as a ration ingredient (untreated castor cake, treated with limestone, with urea, with mono-dicalcium phosphate and autoclaved) to evaluate their performance and the economic output. The roughage consisted of tifton-85 bermudagrass hay. The market prices of the rations ingredients, body weight (BW) and the carcass weight were considered to identify the minimum conditions for the enterprise to become economically feasible. After obtaining the ration cost and the dry matter intake, the technical, zootechnical and economic indexes were analyzed using the Excel ® program. The daily production (kg of BW or kg of carcass) was higher for sheep eating rations with autoclaved castor cake and treated with mono-dicalcium phosphate, showing the highest production system turnover and providing the highest number of finished animals on a yearly basis. These production systems showed the highest gross income. The animal purchase and feeding were the most representative items on BW production expenses, representing 44.8 and 43.3%/year on average, respectively. Adopting R

Ingestive behavior of sheeps fed with diets containing anatto seeds

4.70/kg BW and R

Valor nutritivo de silagens de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) com adição de subprodutos do processamento de frutas tropicais

13.40/kg carcass as sell prices, the production system containing castor cake treated with mono-dicalcium phosphate showed the best economic output, with a 1.07 benefit/cost, a R

Composição Bromatológica e Degradação In Situ de Subprodutos da Cadeia do Biodiesel

73,117.34 liquid present value (LPV), 54% internal return rate (IRR) and a R

Viabilidade Econômica de Ovinos Terminados em Sistema de Confinamento Alimentados com Feno de Capim-Elefante Utilizando Farelo de Soja Como Fonte Protéica na Ração

4.32 BW total cost. On the other hand, the production system using non-treated cake as the ingredient showed a 1.00 benefit/cost, R