Roberto Paulo Correia de Araújo

Estudo in vitro e ex vivo da ação de diferentes concentrações de extratos de própolis frente aos microrganismos presentes na saliva de humanos

This study evaluated in vitro and ex vivo, the action of propolis extracts in different concentrations, in comparison with the effectiveness of oral antiseptics, against microorganisms present in human saliva. For in vitro experiences, glucose 25% solution was added to saliva, then individual samples were collected to prepare a control group (C) and experimental groups (Exp), with addition of propolis extracts in 11%, 20% and 30%, and extracts of Periogard, Listerine, Malvatricin e Parodontax. For ex vivo experiments, samples of saliva in fast and after mouthrinses with extracts of propolis 11%, 20% and 30% were collected and later glucose solution was added. In both phases of the experiments, successive samples of the mixtures were collected and glucose consumption by microorganisms present in human saliva was determined by the glucose oxidase method in 0, 24 and 48 h of incubation preserved at 37 oC. The values obtained in control group proved that there was consumption of glucose by microorganisms after 24 and 48 h of incubation in both phases of the study. However, among experimental groups no significant differences have been observed. We conclude that the propolis 11%, 20% and 30% solutions showed the same antimicrobial action. As a result, it is justified to recommend the use of the 11% concentration. It was concluded that propolis had similar pharmacological effect when compared to the industrialized oral antiseptics tested.

Comparison of fit accuracy between Procera® custom abutments and three implant systems.

BACKGROUND Although increase of misfit has been reported when associating implant and abutment from different manufacturers, Procera custom abutment has been universally used in clinical practice. PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to compare the vertical gap of zirconia Procera® abutment associated with implants from the same manufacturer (Procera manufacturer) and two other implant systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four zirconia Procera abutments were produced using computer-assisted design and manufacture and paired with (a) eight MK III, RP 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Nobel Biocare™, Göteborg, Sweden) - GNB group (Nobel Biocare group); (b) eight Try on, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Sistema de Implantes, São Paulo, Brazil) - ES group (SIN experimental group) ; and (c) eight Master screw, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Conexão® Sistema de Prótese, São Paulo, Brazil) - EC group (Conexão experimental group). A comparison of the vertical misfit at the implant-abutment interface was taken at six measuring sites on each sample using scanning electron microscopy with a magnification of 408×. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for differences, and Tukeys test was used for pair-wise comparison of groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS Significant differences relative to average misfit were found when Procera abutments were associated with other implant manufacturers. The ES group and EC group did not differ significantly, but both demonstrated significantly larger average misfit than the GNB group (p = .001). The average misfit was 5.7 µm ± 0.39, 9.53 µm ± 0.52, and 10.62 µm ± 2.16, respectively, for groups GNB, ES, and EC. CONCLUSION The association of Procera zirconia abutment with other implant systems different from its manufacturer demonstrated significant alteration of vertical misfit at implant-abutment interface.

In vitro study on tooth enamel lesions related to whitening dentifrice

BACKGROUND The tooth whitening substances for extrinsic use that are available in Brazil contain hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. Several studies have attributed the appearance of lesions in the enamel morphology, including hypersensitivity, to these substances. Such lesions justify fluoride therapy and application of infrared lasers, among other procedures. However, there is no consensus among researchers regarding the relevance of the severity of lesions detected on the tooth surface. OBJECTIVES The present study was carried out with an aim of evaluating in vitro the effects of the hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide and sodium bicarbonate contained in dentifrice formulations, on human tooth enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS After darkening process in laboratory, human premolars were brushed using dentifrice containing the two whitening substances (Rembrandt - carbamide peroxide and Mentadent - hydrogen peroxide) and the abrasive product (Colgate - sodium bicarbonate). The degree of specimen staining before and after this procedure was determined using spectrophotometry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to obtain images, which were analyzed to show the nature of the lesions that appeared on the enamel surface. RESULTS The effectiveness of the whitening caused by hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide and the abrasion caused by bicarbonate were confirmed, given that the treated test pieces returned to their original coloration. Based on SEM, evaluation of the enamel surfaces subjected to the test products showed that different types of morphologic lesions of varying severity appeared. CONCLUSIONS Whitening dentifrice containing hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide produced lesions on the enamel surface such that the greatest sequelae were associated with exposure to hydrogen peroxide.

Withdrawn: Comparison of Fit Accuracy between Procera Custom Abutments and Three Implant Systems

BACKGROUND Although increase of misfit has been reported when associating implant and abutment from different manufacturers, Procera® (Nobel Biocare™, Göteborg, Sweden) custom abutment has been universally used in clinical practice. PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to compare the vertical gap of zirconia Procera abutment associated with implants from the same manufacturer (Nobel Biocare) and two other implant systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four zirconia Procera abutments were produced using computer-assisted design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) and paired with (1) eight MK Iii RP 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Nobel Biocare) - GNB group; (2) eight Try on, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Sistema de Implantes, São Paulo, Brazil) - ES group; and (3) eight Master screw, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Conexão Sistema de Prótese, São Paulo, Brazil) - EC group. A comparison of the vertical misfit at the implant-abutment interface was taken at six measuring sites on each sample using scanning electron microscopy with a magnification of 408×. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for differences, and Tukeys test was used for pairwise comparison of groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS Significant differences relative to average misfit were found when Procera abutments were associated with other implant manufacturers. The ES group and EC group did not differ significantly, but both demonstrated significantly larger average misfit than the GNB group (p = .001). The average misfit was 5.7 µm ± 0.39, 9.53 µm ± 0.52 and 10.62 µm ± 2.16, respectively, for groups GNB, ES, and EC. CONCLUSION The association of Procera zirconia abutment with other implant systems different from its manufacturer demonstrated significant alteration of vertical misfit at implant-abutment interface.

Effect of a desensitizing dentifrice on the bond strength of different adhesive systems

AIM: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of using a dental hypersensitivity treatment on the bond strength to dentin of etch-and-rinse and self-etching simplified adhesive systems. METHODS: 40 healthy molars were used. The crowns of teeth were removed at the dentinoenamel junction, and remaining roots were sectioned in the mesiodistal direction along their long axis, separating the buccal and lingual/palatal halves. The segments obtained were ground, keeping the buccal or lingual/palatal face turned downwards in order to flatten the surface and produce a standardized smear layer. Prepared specimens were randomly distributed into 4 groups (n=10), according to the combination of surface treatment with the desensitizing dentifrice Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief (Colgate Palmolive®) (test group - with dentifrice and control group - without dentifrice) and type of simplified bonding agent (etch-and-rinse and self-etching agents). Resin composite blocks were fabricated on the dentin surfaces, after application of bonding agents, and specimens were sectioned into rectangular stick-shaped specimens with cross-sectional area of approximately 0.8mm2. For microtensile bond strength tests, 4 sticks were randomly selected from the central region of specimens, and fixed to a universal test machine. Data were analyzed statistically by the Mann-Whitney U test (a=0.05). RESULTS: The bond strength obtained in the group without desensitizer (control) + etch-and-rinse agent was significantly higher compared with the other groups. Under both experimental conditions, the self-etching agent showed weak bond strength to dentin. CONCLUSIONS: Change in the dentin substrate by obliteration of tubules in the process of relieving dentinal sensitivity could reduce the bond strength of simplified etch-and-rinse and self-etching bonding agents.

Formação acadêmico-profissional dos docentes fonoaudiólogos do estado da Bahia

OBJETIVO: analisar a formacao do corpo docente graduado em Fonoaudiologia com vistas ao delineamento do perfil academico-profissional do mesmo. METODO: estudo observacional, descritivo e analitico, com abordagem quantitativa/ qualitativa, os dados de formacao do universo de docentes fonoaudiologos foram coletados por meio de questionario elaborado para esta finalidade e tratados com base na estatistica descritiva. RESULTADOS: a analise mostrou o universo de 62 docentes, distribuidos por quatro IES, majoritariamente do genero feminino e jovens, tendo realizado a graduacao em outros estados, e cuja formacao academico-profissional demonstrou ser tecnicista e especializada com prerrogativa dos saberes tecnicos pertinentes a profissao. CONCLUSOES: e possivel perceber que, apesar de uma formacao que em sua maioria nao contemplava a area da saude coletiva, os docentes percebem essa necessidade e procuram, dentro das areas de atuacao, estabelecer aliancas com acoes preventivas.

Cursos de Graduação em Odontologia: a Formação Docente

Objective: analyzing the education of the dentist in the light of the teaching profession in six undergraduate courses in the state of Bahia. Methods: applic...

Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer Treated at a Referral Hospital, Salvador, Brazil

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer treated at a referral hospital in Salvador, Brazil. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Aristides Maltez Hospital (HAM), analyzing the medical records of patients treated between 2008 and 2015. Of the 722 medical records analyzed, 154 were included, considering the following variables: gender, age, occupation and educational level; type of lesion of the mouth/oropharynx cancer, its location and stage. The data were presented using descriptive statistics. Results: There was a greater occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma (88.3%), with a higher prevalence for males (72.73) and age between 60-69 years (42%), with a predominance of farmers (38.31%). As for the educational level, 59% had only completed elementary school. The most common location for cancer was the tongue, 25.15% of the cases, and the professional responsible for the diagnosis was predominantly a doctor (94%). Prevalence of T3 and T4 size tumors (53.25%). Conclusion: Patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer are mostly male, older than 60 years, with low educational level, and working as farmers. The most common location was the tongue, and T3 and T4 tumors were predominant.

Deformidades dentofaciais: características miofuncionais orofaciais

OBJETIVO:analisar e descrever as funcoes estomatognaticas de acordo com os diferentes tipos de deformidades dentofaciais e confrontar as caracteristicas dessas funcoes em sujeitos com deformidade dentofacial e sujeitos sem alteracoes do esqueleto facial.METODOS:trata-se de um estudo descritivo, analitico e de carater transversal, envolvendo uma amostra de 50 individuos portadores de deformidades dentofaciais frente ao grupo controle constituido por 46 individuos saudaveis. A coleta de dados aconteceu entre os meses de julho a setembro de 2013, foi realizada a avaliacao miofuncional orofacial, mediante a aplicacao do protocolo Marchesan, Berrentin-Felix, Genaro, Rehder. O protocolo estatistico fundamentou-se na analise descritiva dos dados.RESULTADOS:todos os sujeitos portadores de deformidades dentofaciais avaliados apresentaram alteracoes na execucao das funcoes estomatognaticas sendo que tais alteracoes variaram de acordo com o tipo de deformidades dentofaciais apresentada.CONCLUSAO:os diferentes tipos de deformidades dentofaciais estao relacionados as alteracoes detectadas no desempenho das funcoes estomatognaticas.

MASTIGAÇÃO HABITUAL E ATIVIDADE ELETROMIOGRÁFICA DOS MÚSCULOS MASSETER E TEMPORAL EM ESCOLARES DE 7 A 12 ANOS

OBJETIVO: verificar a relacao do lado de preferencia mastigatoria com a atividade eletrica dos musculos masseter e temporal. METODOS: a amostra foi composta por 115 criancas com idades entre 7 e 12 anos. A aquisicao da atividade eletrica dos musculos mastigatorios foi registrada durante 5 segundos de contracao isometrica voluntaria em posicao de maxima intercuspidacao. As criancas foram distribuidas em quatro grupos de acordo com a preferencia mastigatoria observada: Mastigacao Preferencial Direita, Esquerda, Bilateral Alternada e Bilateral Simultânea. Os dados eletromiograficos foram analisados atraves do software SPSS 17.0, e para a determinacao da diferenca estatistica entre a atividade eletrica do lado direito e esquerdo, dos musculos masseter e temporal foi realizada pelo teste T-Student Emparelhado (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: do total de 115 criancas, 76 (63,4%) apresentaram um lado preferencial durante a mastigacao habitual, sendo que 44 (36,7%) criancas apresentaram preferencia mastigatoria direita e 32 (26,7%) mastigacao preferencial esquerda. Dos individuos sem um lado preferencial, verificou-se 25,8% (n=31) com mastigacao bilateral alternada e 10,8% (n=13) com mastigacao bilateral simultânea. Apos comparacao entre a atividade eletrica do musculo masseter e temporal, direito e esquerdo, de acordo com o grupo mastigatorio, foi verificado que as medias da atividade eletrica dos musculos do lado esquerdo nao apresentaram diferencas estatisticas significantes quando comparados com as medias dos seus pares do lado direito. CONCLUSAO: para a amostra estudada, nao foi verificada relacao entre o lado mastigatorio habitual e a atividade eletrica dos musculos, masseter e temporal.