Rocco Alfredo Di Mare

Diversidade de Lepidoptera (Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) em dois fragmentos de floresta no município de Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

A systematic survey was carried out in two localities of the Municipal District of Frederico Westphalen, fragment of Villa Faguense and Schoenstatts Sanctuary, situated 1,500 m apart, from March 2005 to April 2006. In 140 hours of sampling, 3123 individuals, distributed in 169 species, were registered. Nymphalidae was the most sampled with approximately 53% of the recorded species. Nine species sampled were still no registered for the State. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in fragment of Villa Faguense, place less disturbed. The Simpson and Berger-Parker dominance indexes had been more representative in fragment of Schoenstatt Sanctuary, with higher number of abundant species. Among the species captured 126 (74,55%) are accidental, 25 (14,80%) are accessory and 18 (10,65%) are constant.

Noctuídeos (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) coletados em quatro Áreas Estaduais de Conservação do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

The objective of this work was to analyze the composition of the Noctuidae communities at Reserva Biologica de Ibirapuita (Alegrete) and at Parque Estadual do Turvo (Derrubadas), Parque Estadual de Rondinha (Sarandi) and Parque Estadual do Espigao Alto (Barracao). Ten light traps were used to collect the insects from November/2000 to February/2001, sampling one night per area. The lepidopterous were identified at family and subfamily levels and, when it was possible, at genera and species levels. A total of 6,374 noctuids belonging to 249 taxa, distributed in 17 subfamilies were collected. The large number of species observed in all areas emphasize the importance of Conservation State Unity for the biodiversity maintenance.

Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) from two forest fragments in northern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Aiming to contribute to the knowledge concerning diversity of the butterflies in the Atlantic Rainforest of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, a systematic survey was carried out in the city of Frederico Westphalen from November 2006 to June 2007, in two sampling localities. The total sampling efforts was 80 h, in which 1.785 samples were recorded, distributed in 161 species. From the latter, 51.57 % (83) belongs to the Nymphalidae family, Hesperiidae 20.49 % (33), Pieridae 8.69 % (14), Riodinidae 6.83 % (11), Papilionidae 6.21 % (10), Lycaenidae 6.21 % (10). Regarding the sampled species, 79.50 % (128) were recorded at both studied sites.

Guia de identificação das espécies de Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Here is presented a guide to identify the species of Scarabaeinae occurring in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, compiled from the literature and captured between May 2009 and April 2010 in forest fragments. A dichotomous key, characterization, illustrations (species collected) and ecological information for 35 species are provided.

Escarabeíneos copro-necrófagos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) de fragmentos de Mata Atlântica em Silveira Martins, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

The fauna of Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was sampled using pitfall traps baited with human excrement and rotten fish in forest fragments in Silveira Martins, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from November 2010 to January 2011. A total of 1,611 individuals were sampled, belonging to six tribes, 11 genera and 28 species. The most abundant species were Canthon latipes Blanchard, 1845 (49.9%), C. chalybaeus Blanchard, 1845 (13.9%), Deltochilum sculpturatum Felsche, 1907 (4.9%), and Eurysternus caribaeus (Herbst, 1789) (4.3%), which accounted for 73% of the total individuals captured. Traps baited with human excrement captured a higher number of species than those baited with rotten fish. There was no statistically significant difference between the kinds of baits used in relation to the abundance of Scarabaeinae. Most of Scarabaeinae species was represented by generalist feeding habits and tunneler behavior. The community sampled follows the general patterns of trophic and behavioral structure of Scarabaeinae found throughout the Neotropical region.

Parasitism of Argon lota Hewitson (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) by Brachymeria pandora (Crawford) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

This note reports the first record of parasitism of Argon lota Hewitson pupae by the facultative gregarious parasitoid Brachymeria pandora (Crawford). Up to six adults (three males and three females) of B. pandora were observed to emerge from a single A. lota pupa.

Biology of crucifer moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae), under controlled temperature conditions, and parasitoids associated.: Part III. Study on the biology of Apanteles piceotrichosus (Blanchard) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae): analysis of the inbreeding effect

The inbreeding in natural populations results in a loss in the genetic variability that can influence juvenile and adult mortality, the size, viability and fertility of the offspring, as well as the individuals morphology. Apanteles piceotrichosus (Blanchard, 1943) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is a Plutella xylostella Linnaeus,1758 parasitoid (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) that has been attracting a lot of attention to a biocontrol purpose, because it can be used as agent of biological control. For the creation and liberation of parasitoids are necessary studies on its biology. The objective of the present study was carried out to examine the inbreeding effect on the mortality, longevity and sexual ratio of A. piceotrichosus. The parasitoid attack rate was also observed. The crossings, scheduled, were made starting from individuals collected in field and breed in laboratory under controlled conditions. Were not observed significant differences in mortality and longevity of A. piceotrichosus, as well as in the rate of attack of the parasitoid on the host. The sexual ratio showed significant differences among the control and inbreeding group. Even so differences were not observed inside of the inbreeding group.

Espécies de Adelpha Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Limenitidinae) ocorrentes no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Species of Adelpha Hubner, [1819] (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Limenitidinae) occurring in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Based on literature, collections and sampled butterflies, a list of twelve species of Adelpha Hubner occurring in Rio Grande do Sul State is presented, including host plants. Adelpha epizygis Fruhstorfer, [1916], Adelpha falcipennis Fruhstorfer, [1916], Adelpha goyama Schaus, 1902 and Adelpha isis (Drury, 1782) are new reports to Rio Grande do Sul. The species are illustrated and keyed.

Estrutura e organização de assembleias de Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) em diferentes fitofisionomias no sul do Brasil

Patterns of species richness, abundance, diversity, equitability and dominance, and the organization in feeding and behavioral guilds of Scarabaeinae fauna were analyzed in three different vegetation types (forest, native field and crop) in northwestern of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, among September and November 2012, with the use of pitfall traps baited with different resources (feces, rotting meat and fermented banana). A total of 9,325 specimens were captured, distributed in nine genera and 32 species. The most abundant species wereOnthophagus aff. tristis Harold, 1873,Canthidium aff. trinodosum (Boheman, 1858), Canthon aff. fallax Harold, 1868,Canthon lividus Blanchard, 1845 and Deltochilum morbillosum Burmeister, 1848 which represented 65.54% of the total individuals sampled. The forest showed the highest values ​​of number of individuals and species. The lower richness was observed in the field while the crop showed the lowest abundance of individuals. Scarabaeinae showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their assemblies across vegetation types sampled. The forest showed the highest observed species richness and a fraction of these are unique to this environment, and rarely occurs in other types of ecosystems. In general, the forest has a greater proportion of trophic generalist or copro-necrophagous species in its composition. Another part of this fauna, being largely represented by coprophagous species, is adapted to open environments indicating a change in food guild caused by replacing the forest with pasture. Thus, in a broader context the landscape can play an important role in diversity of dung beetles.

Morfometria de Papilioninae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) ocorrentes em quatro localidades do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. II. Relação entre partes do corpo, aerodinâmica de vôo e tipos de asas

Neste estudo foram investigados parâmetros morfometricos associados ao voo de Papilioninae. Foram realizadas comparacoes com partes de corpo, forma de asa e dinâmica de voo de 10 especies coletadas em quatro localidades diferentes. Analisou-se a massa total do corpo, massa toracica, comprimento, largura e area das asas anteriores e posteriores, carga unitaria e indice de estreiteza e previsoes da velocidade de voo. As analises mostraram diferencas significativas entre especies, sexos e comunidades investigadas. As correlacoes entre o comprimento e largura das asas anteriores foram positivas e significantes para ambos os sexos. Os valores obtidos a carga unitaria, indice de estreiteza e velocidade de voo, entre sexos e especie, foram semelhantes aqueles medidos em campo ou insetario.