Roselma Lucchese

Transactional Sex among Noninjecting Illicit Drug Users: Implications for HIV Transmission

Noninjecting illicit drug users (NIDUs) present high risk for HIV infection, due especially to transactional sex. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for transactional sex among NIDUs in the Southwest region of Goiás State, Central Brazil. The prevalence of self-reported transactional sex was 22.8%. Prevalence in women and men was 52.7% and 16.8%, respectively, a significant difference (p < 0.001). Crack use and history of sexually transmitted infections (STI) were risk factors for transactional sex in men. Homelessness, crack use, sex under the influence of drugs, and history of sexual violence were risk factors for transactional sex in women. A high prevalence of transactional sex was observed among NIDUs. This risk behavior may contribute to the high rates of HIV among this population and their social networks and in the general population.

HIV testing in Non-Injection Drug Users: prevalence and associated factors

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and identify factors associated with lifetime testing for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in non-injection drug users (NIDU). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 323 individuals in clinics for chemical dependency in the state of Goiás in the Central-West region of Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with lifetime HIV testing. Testing for HIV was associated with age, female gender, crack use, history of sexually transmitted infections, acquaintance with people living with HIV/AIDS and/or who had died from AIDS, and history of having received some instruction on HIV/AIDS prevention methods. It was found that only 26.6% reported having access to the HIV rapid test. We concluded determinants for HIV testing must be taken into account when planning prevention and programming strategies. These include the widening of testing coverage among NIDU, educational health actions, establishment of links between sexually transmitted infection prevention services and addiction treatment services, and the use of rapid tests to help people who are in contact with the virus learn about their HIV status, enter treatment, and improve their quality of life.

Professional knowledge in primary health care of the person/family in mental distress: Le Boterf perspective

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os saberes e fazeres constituidos na pratica da Saude da Familia (SF), na visao dos enfermeiros, no que se refere ao atendimento a pessoa e familia em sofrimento mental na perspectiva dos saberes profissionais de Le Boterf. Metodo: Foi feito uma pesquisa descritiva exploratoria de abordagem qualitativa, delineada para apresentar e aprofundar a construcao de competencias dos profissionais enfermeiros, foi aplicada em 3 Unidades da SF. Resultados: fazendo uma analise tematica, chegou-se as seguintes categorias: “Saber agir com pertinencia”; “Saber mobilizar saberes e conhecimentos em um contexto profissional”; “Saber interagir saberes multiplos”; “Saber transpor”; “Saber aprender e saber aprender a aprender”; “Saber envolver-se”. Consideracoes finais: verificou-se que entre os saberes a maior dificuldade e a de “saber transpor”, e que o cotidiano das equipes de SF exige muito desse saber. Foi verificado pouca transposicao de saberes/fazeres em situacoes reais.

Grupo operativo como estratégia pedagógica em um curso graduação em enfermagem: um continente para as vivências dos alunos quartanistas

Este estudo teve como objetivo oferecer um espaco para a expressao vivencial do aluno de quarto ano de graduacao em enfermagem. Espaco operacionalizado por meio da tecnica de grupo operativo, no qual os sujeitos do estudo, centrados na tarefa trocaram experiencias e avaliaram sua participacao nos grupos. Para compreender o vivencial dos alunos optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando-se como metodo a pesquisa-acao. A problematica do estudo envolveu o conceito de que a aprendizagem e um processo de socializacao que requer mudancas, sendo mobilizadora de sentimentos do aprendiz. O grupo operativo funcionou como espaco continente das vivencias dos alunos que explicitaram sentimentos mobilizados em seu processo de formacao, impossiveis de serem ignorados pelo educador em enfermagem.

Risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections in noninjecting drug users: A cross-sectional study

The objective of this study was to investigate risk behaviors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in noninjecting drug users (NIDUs), using STI diagnosis history as an indicator. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 323 NIDUs of two facilities for alcohol and/or drug dependence treatment in the Goiás State, Central Brazil. All participants were interviewed about risk behaviors and STI history. Multivariable analysis was performed in order to identify predictors of STIs. Adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with confidence intervals of 95% was obtained using a Poisson regression model. Prevalence of self-reported STIs in the previous 12 months was 25.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 21.0–30.4%). A multivariable model verified that age (APR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00–1.01), sexual contact with partners diagnosed with STIs (APR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.12–1.45) and injecting drug users (IDUs) (APR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01–1.31), exchange sex for money and/or drugs (APR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02–1.21), and a history of sexual violence (APR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.04–1.32) were predictors of STIs. Elevated rates of STI history and risk behaviors were observed in NIDUs, supporting the vulnerability of this group for these infections. Public policies and health outreach should be intensified in this population, principally regular STI testing of individuals in treatment for drug dependence and their sexual partners.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Criminal Behavior Among Illicit Drug Users: A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Background: Studies indicate high rates of criminal behavior, violent activities, and legal problems among illicit drug users (IDU) in Brazil. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with criminal behavior among IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependency in Central Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with IDU undergoing treatment for chemical dependence. Data were collected by means of face-to-face interviews and analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Of the total participants (n = 274), 46.7%, 15.7%, and 10.9% reported involvement in robbery, drug trafficking and homicide, respectively. Robbery was associated with young age, withdrawal symptoms, prison record, sex work, and crack use, while drug trafficking was associated with young age, low education, and marijuana use. Homicides were associated with cocaine and marijuana use. Conclusion: The results show high rates of criminal behavior among drug users, demonstrating associations between socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics, illicit drug use, and practices of illegal activities. These variables must be considered when planning programs and policies to reduce harm related to drug use and abuse.

PROMOÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COM ADOLESCENTES: RELATO DE CASO

This is a descriptive study of a experience report that aimed to describe the achieved objectives as of experience from promoting and education in health with

Saberes profissionais na atenção primária à saúde da pessoa/família em sofrimento mental: perspectiva Le Boterf

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os saberes e fazeres constituidos na pratica da Saude da Familia (SF), na visao dos enfermeiros, no que se refere ao atendimento a pessoa e familia em sofrimento mental na perspectiva dos saberes profissionais de Le Boterf. Metodo: Foi feito uma pesquisa descritiva exploratoria de abordagem qualitativa, delineada para apresentar e aprofundar a construcao de competencias dos profissionais enfermeiros, foi aplicada em 3 Unidades da SF. Resultados: fazendo uma analise tematica, chegou-se as seguintes categorias: “Saber agir com pertinencia”; “Saber mobilizar saberes e conhecimentos em um contexto profissional”; “Saber interagir saberes multiplos”; “Saber transpor”; “Saber aprender e saber aprender a aprender”; “Saber envolver-se”. Consideracoes finais: verificou-se que entre os saberes a maior dificuldade e a de “saber transpor”, e que o cotidiano das equipes de SF exige muito desse saber. Foi verificado pouca transposicao de saberes/fazeres em situacoes reais.

Los conocimientos profesionales en la atención primaria de la salud de la persona/familia en la angustia mental: perspectiva Le Boterf

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os saberes e fazeres constituidos na pratica da Saude da Familia (SF), na visao dos enfermeiros, no que se refere ao atendimento a pessoa e familia em sofrimento mental na perspectiva dos saberes profissionais de Le Boterf. Metodo: Foi feito uma pesquisa descritiva exploratoria de abordagem qualitativa, delineada para apresentar e aprofundar a construcao de competencias dos profissionais enfermeiros, foi aplicada em 3 Unidades da SF. Resultados: fazendo uma analise tematica, chegou-se as seguintes categorias: “Saber agir com pertinencia”; “Saber mobilizar saberes e conhecimentos em um contexto profissional”; “Saber interagir saberes multiplos”; “Saber transpor”; “Saber aprender e saber aprender a aprender”; “Saber envolver-se”. Consideracoes finais: verificou-se que entre os saberes a maior dificuldade e a de “saber transpor”, e que o cotidiano das equipes de SF exige muito desse saber. Foi verificado pouca transposicao de saberes/fazeres em situacoes reais.