Rosinha da Silva Machado Carrion

Situando a Economia Solidária no Campo dos Estudos Organizacionais

As a particular area of organizational studies, Solidary Economy has been figuring as an intellectual challenge, which imposes to the researcher the necessity of deconstructing and reconstructing the theorist referential used in the attempts of attributing intangibility to this topic. Therefore, the construction of a specific model of analysis establishes itself as an essential condition to researches about the management of solidary enterprises. The present article proposes the understanding of Solidary Economy as a way of management and organization of the labor, which subsists without being thought as if belonged to the dominant system of values – based on the liberal and utilitarian view that materializes itself in the administrative rationality – and shows up as a probable alternative of development with inclusion, on a wide view. Epistemologically, this article, concerning to its conceptual-theorist grain, represents the product of the critical reflection about the solidary area, as a result of experiences lived through research activities and intense interaction with the matter.

Organizações privadas sem fins lucrativos: a participação do mercado no terceiro setor

O objetivo desse ensaio e analisar a participacao da empresa privada no 3o setor. Resultado de pesquisa realizada em quatro dentre as sete instituicoes gauchas associadas ao GIFE, que e a entidade que reune as iniciativas empresariais de maior destaque no campo social no Brasil, esse artigo revela a substituicao, nessas instituicoes, da logica da caridade pela do investimento social. O que faz com que o ato de doar assuma conotacoes estrategicas, priorizando acoes e projetos que por suas caracteristicas sejam interpretados como capazes de aportar uma contribuicao mais efetiva ao enfrentamento da questao social. Paralelamente, evidencia-se, tambem, a preferencia das instituicoes gauchas, mantidas pelo capital privado e associadas ao GIFE, por acoes de carater preventivo, tais como aquelas que visam evitar a marginalizacao de criancas e adolescentes, em situacao de risco social. Entre tais acoes pode-se apontar as escolas de iniciacao profissional.

Governança ambiental global: atores e cenários

This theoretical article analyses the challenges to the consolidation of a global environmental governance system. Because the environment is public property that reaches beyond the physical borders of any nation state, special emphasis is placed on analyzing issues regarding participation in and the fragmentation of the organizational structure of the current transnational system of governance. For this purpose, the article asks to what extent the structure created under the auspices of the UN allows the democratic expression of the different interests involved in this matter. After a review of the main publications on the subject, the conclusion reached, based on Kazancigil (2005) and Hermet (2005) is that to curb the trend for the concentration of power among groups defending their own interests, it is necessary to reaffirm the sovereignty and legitimacy of the political field.

Corporate social programs and social capital: a proposal for qualification

There is a discourse that has already spread in the social imaginary that identifies the company as the best qualified actor for solving social problems, given their competence when it comes to facing the globalized and competitive market. Nevertheless, we argue that behind this point of view there is a reductionist view concerning the complexity of social facts, considering social problems simply as efficient and effective management resources. This study is based on empirical research that was conducted in seven enterprises in Rio Grande do Sul State. The companies won the Social Responsibility Award from the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul. We used a multiple case study and a content analysis technique. The results show a weak relationship link between companies and the people who benefited, a low level of structured programs and an overlap of programs working with the same target public. The article points out the limits of the social programs and proposes a model – based on the social capital theory in order to qualify them so that they can strengthen their contribution to building a more balanced society.There is a discourse that has already spread in the social imaginary that identifies the company as the best qualified actor for solving social problems, given their competence when it comes to facing the globalized and competitive market. Nevertheless, we argue that behind this point of view there is a reductionist view concerning the complexity of social facts, considering social problems simply as efficient and effective management resources. This study is based on empirical research that was conducted in seven enterprises in Rio Grande do Sul State. The companies won the Social Responsibility Award from the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Sul. We used a multiple case study and a content analysis technique. The results show a weak relationship link between companies and the people who benefited, a low level of structured programs and an overlap of programs working with the same target public. The article points out the limits of the social programs and proposes a model - based on the social capital theory - in order to qualify them so that they can strengthen their contribution to building a more balanced society.

A COOPERAÇÃO BRASILEIRA NA ÁREA DA EDUCAÇÃO NOS PALOPS NO PERÍODO 2000-2012: PRINCIPAIS ATORES E PROJETOS

From the perspective of South-South cooperation for development, discursively presented as a partnership process between peripheral and semi-peripheral countries for mutual benefit, this paper, theoretical, aims to provoke reflection about the terms on which are giving cooperation between Brazil and African Countries of Portuguese Official Language (PALOP). For such, it presents the projects and investments in Brazil over the last twelve years, in all the PALOPs, notably in the area of education highlighting the actors responsible for them. The data collected showed that 77.45% of the Brazilian cooperation projects in Africa, are being conducted in these countries, and the area of education that is getting more resources (15.53%) allocated mainly in vocational training, literacy and formulation of public policies. The conclusion reached is that the orientation of the actions of cooperation is in line with objectives and strategies of Brazilian Foreign Policy (PEB), reflecting both the goals of political and economic pursued by the country as issues of cultural nature in the face the linguistic proximity and common colonial matrix referred to Brazil and Portuguese-speaking countries.

Sobre a governança da cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento : atores, propósitos e perspectivas

Este artigo tem como objetivo a proposicao de um exercicio de reflexao teorica sobre a governanca da cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento. Contrapoem-se neste artigo duas amplas abordagens sobre desenvolvimento (uma pautada pelo vies economico, pela ideia de progresso e pela universalidade normativa; e outra traduzindo uma intencao normativa, embora contra-hegemonica, com relacao ao discurso dominante sobre desenvolvimento, sendo pautada pela contextualidade local, historica, cultural e territorial). Tende-se a acreditar que, mais do que resistirem ou pactuarem com as organizacoes nao governamentais (ONGs) ou com as organizacoes intergovernamentais (OIGs) do norte, as organizacoes da sociedade civil (OSCs) e as ONGs do sul condescendam as estrategias das primeiras. Por essa razao e interessante identificar a maneira como essas organizacoes respondem ao processo de governanca no seio da cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, serao abordados concepcoes e propositos da cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento, seus antecedentes historicos e questoes atuais, os variados papeis do Brasil nesse contexto, diferentes facetas do desenvolvimento, origens e atores envolvidos na governanca da cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento. Por fim, apresentam-se algumas consideracoes finais.

Microcrédito e pobreza: um diálogo possível?

Microcredit has been viewed by academics, as well as by multilateral organizations, as a viable alternative for facing the inequalities associated with worldization. However, its contribution is uncertain as a solution for a complex issue like poverty. The objective of this article, being theoretical in nature, is to discuss whether in the mainstream of the economic sciences the indication of microcredit as a strategy to fight against poverty prevails. The article is divided into three sections. In the first one, three different approaches of poverty are presented. The second one explores the notion of microcredit. Finally, the third section presents a reflection on the way poverty and microcredit have been related in the specialized literature. The article finishes with a few considerations.

GESTÃO DA COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUL-SUL À LUZ DOS POSTULADOS E PRINCÍPIOS DA GESTÃO SOCIAL

75 danielle rosinha O presente ensaio teorico discute a natureza das relacoes entre paises no sistema internacional e suas respectivas implicacoes para a gestao de programas e projetos no campo da cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento (CID), a luz dos postulados e principios da gestao social. Parte-se do postulado que as acoes de CID implicam processos de gestao e sao influenciadas pela representacao que o pais doador faz do desenvolvimento, assim como pelas motivacoes que o levam a cooperar. A ciencia da administracao e, em particular a gestao social, tem muito a aportar para a compreensao dos resultados e revisao das praticas de gestao que acompanham as acoes realizadas no campo da CID. A pratica de impor e sobrevalorizar “saberes tecnicos”, em detrimento dos “saberes locais”, tecnicos e nao tecnicos, considerados inferiores, tem induzido a resultados desastrosos em termos politicos, economicos e sociais. Palavras-chave: Cooperacao Internacional para o Desenvolvimento. Cooperacao Sul-Sul. Gestao Social. Construcao de saberes. Ecologia de Saberes. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION MANAGEMENT FOR THE SOUTH-SOUTH DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO THE POSTULATES AND PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL MANAGEMENT Danielle Ullrich Rosinha Carrion This theoretical essay discusses the nature of the relationships between countries in the international system and their respective implications on the management of programs and projects in the field of international cooperation and development (ICD), according to the postulates and principles of social management. We start from the premise that the ICD actions implicate management processes and are influenced by the idea the donor country has of development, as well as its reasons for cooperating. The Science of Administration and, in particular, social management, has much to contribute for the understanding of the results and review of management practices that follow actions performed by ICD. The practice of imposing and overrating “technical knowledge”, instead of “local knowledge”, technical and non-technical, considered to be inferior, has been causing disastrous results, politically, economically and socially. Keywords: International cooperation and development. South-South Cooperation. Social Management. Construction of knowledge. Ecology of knowledge. GESTION DE LA COOPERATION INTERNATIONALE POUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT SUD-SUD SELON LES POSTULATS ET LES PRINCIPES DE LA GESTION SOCIALE Danielle Ullrich Rosinha Carrion Cet essai theorique traite de la nature des relations existantes entre les pays au sein du systeme international et leurs incidences sur la gestion des programmes et des projets dans le domaine de la cooperation internationale pour le developpement (CID), a la lumiere des postulats et des principes de la gestion sociale. Il part du principe que les actions de la CID supposent des processus de gestion et sont influencees par la representation que le pays donateur se fait du developpement, tout comme des motivations qui le conduisent a cooperer. La Science de la Gestion, et tout particulierrement la gestion sociale, peut considerablement contribuer a la comprehension des resultats et au remaniement des pratiques de gestion qui accompagnent les actions realisees dans le cadre de la CID. La pratique qui consiste a imposer et a mettre beaucoup plus en valeur les “savoirs techniques” au detriment des “savoirs locaux”, qu’ils soient techniques ou non, consideres comme inferieurs, a conduit a des resultats desastreux en termes politiques, economiques et sociaux. Mots-cles: Cooperation Internationale pour le Developpement. Cooperation Sud-Sud. Gestion sociale. Construction de savoirs. Ecologie de savoirs.

A Atuação do Brasil na Cooperação Internacional para o Desenvolvimento: O Desafio do Compartilhamento de Saberes

Este artigo teve por objetivo discutir a logica e a epistemologia imbuidas no compartilhamento de saberes no quadro da cooperacao Sul-Sul, e problematizar a eficacia da politica brasileira de cooperacao para o desenvolvimento local dos paises receptores. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliografica baseada em autores que discutem a cooperacao internacional para o desenvolvimento e o compartilhamento de saberes como condicao ao desenvolvimento. As disputas envolvidas e as ideologias defendidas possibilitam reflexoes acerca da experiencia brasileira. Os resultados evidenciaram que a logica da cooperacao internacional segue a concepcao epistemica, ocidental e hegemonica de desenvolvimento. Contudo, alguns autores sinalizam a emergencia de uma nova logica, pautada na cooperacao Sul-Sul, na qual o sentido de desenvolvimento levaria em consideracao as relacoes sociais, os aspectos historicos, culturais, ambientais, especificos a realidade dos territorios em interacao. Diante da experiencia brasileira, ainda nao se pode afirmar a logica seguida pelo pais nos projetos de cooperacao internacional e nem sua eficacia com relacao ao desenvolvimento dos paises receptores.

PROGRAMAS DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL: AVALIAÇÃO DE EXPERIÊNCIAS GAÚCHAS DOI: 10.5773/rgsa.v2i2.77

Assiste-se uma onda crescente de investimentos realizados por empresas privadas na tentativa de contribuir para minimizar os problemas sociais vivenciados por comunidades e grupos, que com proprios recursos, nao sao capazes de assegurar uma vida em condicoes dignas. Tendo-se presente que a autonomia e o desenvolvimento sustentado, estao diretamente relacionados a quantidade de capital social circulante em um dado territorio, o presente artigo apresenta uma proposta de metodologia para avaliar em que medida as acoes sociais de empresas privadas estariam contribuindo para desenvolve-lo. Construida a partir da analise do estudo de casos multiplos, com foco nos programas sociais de empresas localizadas na regiao da serra gaucha, a metodologia aqui apresentada destaca a importância, entre outros fatores, da intersetorialidade, da construcao conjunta de solucoes e da atuacao em rede, como estrategias de desenvolvimento do capital social e protagonismo comunitario. PROGRAMAS DE RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL Y DESARROLLO LOCAL: EVALUACION DE EXPERIENCIAS EN RIO GRANDE DO SUL Resumen Asistimos a una ola creciente de inversiones realizadas por empresas privadas con la intencion de contribuir a minimizar los problemas sociales vivenciados por comunidades y grupos que, con sus propios recursos, no son capaces de asegurar una vida en condiciones dignas. Teniendo presente que la autonomia y el desarrollo sostenido estan directamente relacionados con la cantidad de capital social circulante en un dado territorio, el presente articulo presenta una propuesta metodologica para evaluar en que medida las acciones sociales de empresas privadas estarian contribuyendo a su desarrollo. Construida a partir del analisis de estudio de casos multiples, centrandose en los programas sociales de empresas ubicadas en la region de la sierra “gaucha” (sur de Brasil), la metodologia presentada destaca la importancia, entre otros factores, de la intersectorialidad, de la construccion conjunta de soluciones y de la actuacion en red, como estrategias de desarrollo del capital social y del protagonismo comunitario.