Rovilson José de Souza

Comportamento de cultivares de alface tipo americana em Boa Esperança

The experiment was carried out at green house, in Boa Esperanca, Brazil, to evaluate lettuce cultivars (Cassino; Legacy; Lucy Brown; Lorca; Lady and Raider), crisphead group, in two planting seasons (October and March). The experimental design was of randomized blocks with four replications. For the first season (October), the commercial yield, varied from 29.3 t.ha-1 to 37.6 t.ha-1 and head circumference from 40.07 to 42.95 cm, without significant difference among cultivars. At the second planting season (March), cvs. Raider, Cassino, Lady, Legacy and Lorca presented a commercial yield of 42.6; 41.6; 39.3; 37.3 and 32.5 t.ha-1. Cvs. Lady, Raider Lucy Brown and Cassino, were superior to the other cultivars, without significant differences among themselves, with 48.15; 46.69; 45.90; and 45.67 cm respectively.

Efeito de composto orgânico sobre a produção e características comerciais de alface americana

Doses of organic compost were evaluated on crisp head lettuce production and quality in an experiment conduced in Tres Pontas, Brazil, from July 8>th to August 30th. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four replicates, the treatments being constituted by five doses of organic compost (0.0; 20.0; 40.0; 60.0 and 80.0 t ha-1). Total fresh matter showed a quadratic effect, in which the maximum yield of 914.2 g plant-1 was obtained with the dose of 59.4 t ha-1 of organic compost. For commercial fresh matter, the maximum yield (634.3 g plant-1) was obtained with the dose of 56.1 t ha-1. The greatest commercial head circumference (41.4 cm) was obtained with the dose of 53.7 t ha-1. The dose of 42.7 t ha-1 caused a maximum stem length of 3.9 cm. These results permit to conclude that the use of 56.0 t ha-1 of organic compost applied in pre plant provides an increase in yield and commercial quality of crisp head lettuce.

Productivity of lettuce and rocket in intercropping system under organic and mineral fertilization

Foram realizados dois experimentos em Lavras-MG, nos meses de abril a setembro de 2006. Para cada experimento, utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repeticoes. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro arranjos espaciais entre as culturas da alface (A) e rucula (R), plantadas em fileiras alternadas 1A:1R; fileiras duplas alternadas 2A:2R; fileiras triplas alternadas 3A:3R e quatro fileiras alternadas 4A:4R e, alface e rucula em cultivo solteiro. Avaliou-se o diâmetro (alface), altura, numero de folhas por planta, rendimento de folhas e massa seca da parte aerea da alface e rucula. Os maiores rendimentos de folhas da alface foram registrados no cultivo orgânico. O rendimento de massa verde da rucula, no sistema solteiro sobressaiu-se dos demais, embora estatisticamente semelhante aos arranjos espaciais 3A:3R e 4A:4R no numero de folhas. No cultivo orgânico, diferencas significativas entre o primeiro e o segundo ciclo da rucula expressaram-se na altura de plantas e na massa seca da parte aerea, com a maior altura media no primeiro cultivo e a maior quantidade de massa seca da parte aerea na rebrota. Os consorcios da alface e rucula nos arranjos espaciais 1A:1R e 3A:3R tiveram a maior eficiencia do uso da area (EUA), de 55 e 63%, respectivamente, no sistema de cultivo orgânico. A eficiencia biologica aumentou para 62 e 70% nestes mesmos arranjos, com o cultivo da rebrota da rucula no sistema orgânico. Todas as associacoes da alface e rucula, assim como os seus cultivos solteiros tiveram melhor desempenho produtivo sob a adubacao orgânica. A rebrota da rucula aumentou a eficiencia agronomica do sistema consorciado.

Efeitos de tipos de bandejas e idade de transplantio de mudas sobre o desenvolvimento e produtividade da alface americana

This study was carried out from March to July, 2002 at Tres Pontas, Brazil, to evaluate the influence of tray types and transplanting age of seedlings over the development of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Three types of tray (128; 200, and 288 cells) and five transplanting ages (22; 26; 30; 34 and 38 days after the sowing) were evaluated in a randomized complete block experimental design (3 x 5 factorial), with three replications. The 128 cells tray and the transplantation at 38 days after sowing date showed the highest fresh mass, driest weight, highest leaf number and highest plant height. The highest commercial yield was obtained with 128 cells tray, followed by the one with 200 cells. The lowest yield was obtained with the 288 cells tray. The transplanting age varied from 22 to 38 days after sowing date depending on the use of the 128 or 200 cells tray, with preference for the smaller periods (22 to 30 days). Using the tray with 288 cells, the seedlings should be transplanted at 38 days after sowing date.

Épocas de plantio e doses de silício no rendimento de alface tipo americana

Com o objetivo de avaliar a influencia de epocas de plantio e doses de silicio sobre o rendimento e qualidade pos-colheita da alface tipo americana, cv. Raider, foram conduzidos dois ensaios nos periodos de maio a agosto de 2002 (inverno) e novembro de 2002 a janeiro de 2003 (verao), no municipio de Tres Pontas-MG. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas constituidas pelas epocas de plantio (inverno e verao) e as subparcelas pelas doses de silicio (0,0; 0,9; 1,8; 2,7 e 3,6 L ha-1), com quatro repeticoes. A maior massa fresca total, comercial e circunferencia da cabeca foram obtidas no plantio de inverno. Para os dados relativos as doses de silicio ajustou-se modelo quadratico, pelo qual se estimaram as doses 2,0 e 2,7 L ha-1, como as que proporcionaram os maiores rendimentos de massa fresca total e comercial, respectivamente. Ajustou-se modelo quadratico com ponto de maxima circunferencia para a dose de 2,1 L ha-1 de silicio, que proporcionou circunferencia de 40,1 cm. O plantio de inverno apresentou melhor conservacao pos-colheita que o de verao, quando avaliado por uma escala de notas, aos 10 e 20 dias apos a colheita. Para aplicacao aos 20 dias apos o transplante, evidenciou-se efeito quadratico onde a dose de 2,0 L ha-1 de silicio promoveu a melhor conservacao pos-colheita da alface.The influence of planting times and silicon levels were evaluated on yield and post-harvest quality of crisphead lettuce, cv. Raider. Two trials were carried out in Tres Pontas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from May to August of 2002 (winter season) and November to January of 2003 (summer season). A randomized complete block design of split-plots was used, with two planting times applied to the main plots (winter and summer season) and five silicon levels (0.0; 0.9; 1.8; 2.7 and 3.6 L ha-1) applied to the subplots in four replications. The highest total and commercial fresh mass and head circumference were obtained in the winter planting times. A quadratic model adjusted for silicon levels showed that 2.0 and 2.7 L ha-1 levels resulted in the highest yield of total and commercial fresh mass, respectively. A maximum circumference of 40.1 cm was obtained with 2.1 L ha-1 silicon, according to a quadratic model. The winter planting showed better post-harvest conservation than the summer planting when evaluated by a scale at 10 and 20 days after harvest. The application at 20 days after transplantation showed a quadratic effect where 2.0 L ha-1 silicon level promoted the best post-harvest conservation of crisphead lettuce.

Produtividade e qualidade pós-colheita da alface americana em função de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio

The influence of nitrogen and molybdenum doses was evaluated on the productive characteristics and postharvest quality of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), at Tres Pontas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from October to December 2002. A randomized complete block design in a 4 x 5 factorial arrangement with three replications was used. The factorial consisted of four doses of nitrogen (0; 60; 120 and 180 kg/ha) in top dressing, in addition to the usual farmers doses (60 kg/ha), and five doses of molybdenum in foliar application (0.0; 35.1; 70.2; 105.3, and 140.4 g/ha). The highest total fresh weight was obtained with the doses of 86.9 kg/ha of nitrogen in top dressing and 87.4 g/ha of molybdenum. Highest commercial fresh weight was obtained using the doses of 89.1 g/ha of nitrogen in top dressing, while the doses of 94.2 g/ha of molybdenum resulted in the highest yield. The doses of 85.3 kg/ha of nitrogen in top dressing and 72.9 g/ha of molybdenum were the best for highest commercial head circumference. There was no significant effect of the treatments on stem length and post-harvest conservation. The highest percentage of dry matter was obtained with the doses of 89.9 kg/ha of N in top dressing and 77.2 g/ha of Mo in foliar spray.

Doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio sobre a produtividade e características comerciais de alho

O trabalho foi conduzido no periodo de abril a outubro de 1991, no Campo Experimental da Universidade Federal de Lavras para avaliar a influencia de doses de nitrogenio e epocas de aplicacao sobre a produtividade e caracteristicas comerciais do alho (Allium sativum L.). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso no esquema fatorial 5 x 3, compreendendo cinco doses de nitrogenio (40; 60; 80; 100 e 120 kg/ha de N) e tres epocas de aplicacao (30; 50 e 70 dias apos o plantio (dap)) e 3 repeticoes. O nitrogenio e as epocas de aplicacao, atuaram independentemente sobre a produtividade total, observando-se efeito linear com o aumento das doses de nitrogenio e epocas de aplicacao. Houve reducao na produtividade comercial com o aumento das doses de nitrogenio. A dose de N de 40 kg/ha proporcionou as maiores produtividades comerciais independentemente se aplicado aos 30 dap (5.076 kg/ha), 50 dap (5.502 kg/ha) ou 70 dap apos o plantio (4.086 kg/ha). A aplicacao em cobertura mais tardiamente (70 dap) propiciou, de forma geral, as menores produtividades comerciais. Com o aumento das doses de nitrogenio, em funcao das epocas de plantio, verificou-se aumento linear na percentagem de bulbos pseudoperfilhados, sendo que a dose de N de 40 kg/ha e aplicacoes aos 30 dap (30,6%); 50 dap (34,9%) e 70 dap (42,0%), apresentaram as menores percentagens de bulbos pseudoperfilhados. Com a dose de N de 120 kg/ha aplicada aos 30; 50 e 70 dap a incidencia de bulbos pseudoperfilhados foi 65,2%; 68,8% e 64,8%, respectivamente. Para peso medio de bulbo observou-se efeitos lineares para doses de nitrogenio e epocas de aplicacao, assim como constatou-se aumento no numero de bulbilhos por bulbo, com o incremento das doses de nitrogenio.

Produção de alface americana em função da aplicação de doses e fontes de fósforo

Avaliou-se o efeito de doses e fontes de fosforo na producao de alface americana em experimento no municipio de Santo Antonio do Amparo, MG, de junho a setembro/98. O delineamento utilizado foi blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2x4, com tres repeticoes, compreendendo duas fontes de fosforo [superfosfato simples (18% de P2O5) e termofosfato magnesiano (17% de P2O5)], e quatro doses (0, 300, 600, 900 kg ha-1de P2O5). Avaliou-se a producao total e comercial de alface, comprimento do caule e circunferencia da cabeca comercial. Observou-se para a producao total e comercial efeitos significativos na interacao entre doses e fontes. Para o superfosfato simples houve regressao quadratica em que as doses de 672 e 617 kg ha-1 de P2O5, apresentaram as maiores producoes total e comercial, respectivamente. Quanto ao termofosfato magnesiano verificou-se aumento linear na produtividade. Com o uso da dose de 583 kg ha-1de P2O5 obteve-se o maior comprimento de caule (6,7 cm), sem no entanto, prejudicar o valor comercial. As doses, bem como as fontes de fosforo utilizadas nao apresentaram o efeito significativo com relacao a circunferencia da cabeca comercial.

Cúrcuma: planta medicinal, condimentar e de outros usos potenciais

The turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), original species of the Asian Southeast, is considered a precious spice. With the prohibition of the use of synthetic pigments in the main countries of North America and Europe, it has natural alternatives have been sought. The turmeric, besides its main use as condiment, has anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and dye (curcumin) substances that can be used in the cosmetic, textile, medicinal and food areas. Until the present moment, few studies were accomplished with the turmeric in Brazil, fact this that determines low yield. However, recent research results show the possibility of obtaining of yields similar to the one of its origin country, although larger studies are necessary for stand definition, fertilizer and other cultural practices. The objectives of the present work are, to present the versatility of market of the turmeric, to characterize the species as the characteristics botanies, nutricionais and chemistries, as well as to gather and to discuss technical information for improvement of the yield and quality of the rhizomes.Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias Departamento de Horticultura

Comportamento de cultivares de alface americana em Santo Antônio do Amparo

The behavior of crisphead lettuce cultivars at two planting periods was evaluated in two experiments carried in Santo Antonio do Amparo, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from September to December 1998 and February to May 1999, under a plastic tunnel conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six treatments (cv Cassino; Legacy; Lucy Brown; Lorca; Lady and Raider) with four replications. The evaluations of total and marketable fresh weight, circumference and stem length of the marketable head were carried out when the plants had well formed and compact heads. In the first cultivation period, the cultivars Lady (820,4 g plant-1) and Lucy Brown (790,7 g plant-1) presented higher fresh weight. However, they did not differ from cultivar Lorca (626,6 g plant-1). The cultivars Lady (620.0 g plant-1) and Lucy Brown (559.3 g plant-1) presented the highest yield of marketable fresh weight. The circumference of marketable heads varied from 36.3 to 47.2 cm and the stem length from 3.3 to 4.5 cm. No significant differences were observed among cultivars for total and commercial fresh mass in the second planting time; However, all cultivars presented commercial fresh mass above 850 g plant-1. The marketable head circumference varied from 45.4 to 53.4 cm and the stem length from 3.7 to 4.9 cm. Highest yield of fresh mass was obtained in the second planting time.