José Hortêncio Mota

Levantamento etnobotânico e caracterização de plantas medicinais em fragmentos florestais de Dourados-MS

Objetivou-se, neste estudo, coletar e identificar especies nativas consideradas medicinais em dois fragmentos florestais no municipio de Dourados-MS. Foram identificadas 37 especies distribuidas em 28 familias as quais foram indicadas pelos mateiros da regiao por serem utilizadas pela populacao como alternativa medicinal. Das familias identificadas, as que apresentaram maior numero de especies foram Piperaceae (10,8%), Moraceae (8,1%), Smilaceae (8,1%), Myrtaceae (5,4%) e Rubiacee (5,4%). O levantamento etnobotânico indicou 45 diferentes usos medicinais para as especies e as partes mais utilizadas para o preparo de remedios sao as folhas e cascas, sendo que as doencas para as quais houve maior numero de indicacoes foram reumatismo, disenteria, diabetes, febres, tosses e cicatrizacoes.

Comportamento de cultivares de alface tipo americana em Boa Esperança

The experiment was carried out at green house, in Boa Esperanca, Brazil, to evaluate lettuce cultivars (Cassino; Legacy; Lucy Brown; Lorca; Lady and Raider), crisphead group, in two planting seasons (October and March). The experimental design was of randomized blocks with four replications. For the first season (October), the commercial yield, varied from 29.3 t.ha-1 to 37.6 t.ha-1 and head circumference from 40.07 to 42.95 cm, without significant difference among cultivars. At the second planting season (March), cvs. Raider, Cassino, Lady, Legacy and Lorca presented a commercial yield of 42.6; 41.6; 39.3; 37.3 and 32.5 t.ha-1. Cvs. Lady, Raider Lucy Brown and Cassino, were superior to the other cultivars, without significant differences among themselves, with 48.15; 46.69; 45.90; and 45.67 cm respectively.

Efeito de composto orgânico sobre a produção e características comerciais de alface americana

Doses of organic compost were evaluated on crisp head lettuce production and quality in an experiment conduced in Tres Pontas, Brazil, from July 8>th to August 30th. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks with four replicates, the treatments being constituted by five doses of organic compost (0.0; 20.0; 40.0; 60.0 and 80.0 t ha-1). Total fresh matter showed a quadratic effect, in which the maximum yield of 914.2 g plant-1 was obtained with the dose of 59.4 t ha-1 of organic compost. For commercial fresh matter, the maximum yield (634.3 g plant-1) was obtained with the dose of 56.1 t ha-1. The greatest commercial head circumference (41.4 cm) was obtained with the dose of 53.7 t ha-1. The dose of 42.7 t ha-1 caused a maximum stem length of 3.9 cm. These results permit to conclude that the use of 56.0 t ha-1 of organic compost applied in pre plant provides an increase in yield and commercial quality of crisp head lettuce.

Efeitos de tipos de bandejas e idade de transplantio de mudas sobre o desenvolvimento e produtividade da alface americana

This study was carried out from March to July, 2002 at Tres Pontas, Brazil, to evaluate the influence of tray types and transplanting age of seedlings over the development of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Three types of tray (128; 200, and 288 cells) and five transplanting ages (22; 26; 30; 34 and 38 days after the sowing) were evaluated in a randomized complete block experimental design (3 x 5 factorial), with three replications. The 128 cells tray and the transplantation at 38 days after sowing date showed the highest fresh mass, driest weight, highest leaf number and highest plant height. The highest commercial yield was obtained with 128 cells tray, followed by the one with 200 cells. The lowest yield was obtained with the 288 cells tray. The transplanting age varied from 22 to 38 days after sowing date depending on the use of the 128 or 200 cells tray, with preference for the smaller periods (22 to 30 days). Using the tray with 288 cells, the seedlings should be transplanted at 38 days after sowing date.

Cobertura morta do solo no cultivo de alface cv. Regina 2000, em Ji-Paraná/RO

Conduziu-se este estudo com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes materiais de cobertura do solo na produtividade da alface (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Regina 2000). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, utilizando-se cinco tratamentos (palha de arroz, palha de cafe, Brachiaria brizantha L., serragem, testemunha sem cobertura morta) e quatro repeticoes. A produtividade foi avaliada pelo numero de folhas por planta, acumulo de massa fresca e massa seca. Verificou-se que todos os materiais empregados como cobertura, controlaram a infestacao de plantas invasoras. Entretanto, verificou-se uma grande infestacao na testemunha promovendo reducao de produtividade.

Produtividade e qualidade pós-colheita da alface americana em função de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio

The influence of nitrogen and molybdenum doses was evaluated on the productive characteristics and postharvest quality of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), at Tres Pontas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from October to December 2002. A randomized complete block design in a 4 x 5 factorial arrangement with three replications was used. The factorial consisted of four doses of nitrogen (0; 60; 120 and 180 kg/ha) in top dressing, in addition to the usual farmers doses (60 kg/ha), and five doses of molybdenum in foliar application (0.0; 35.1; 70.2; 105.3, and 140.4 g/ha). The highest total fresh weight was obtained with the doses of 86.9 kg/ha of nitrogen in top dressing and 87.4 g/ha of molybdenum. Highest commercial fresh weight was obtained using the doses of 89.1 g/ha of nitrogen in top dressing, while the doses of 94.2 g/ha of molybdenum resulted in the highest yield. The doses of 85.3 kg/ha of nitrogen in top dressing and 72.9 g/ha of molybdenum were the best for highest commercial head circumference. There was no significant effect of the treatments on stem length and post-harvest conservation. The highest percentage of dry matter was obtained with the doses of 89.9 kg/ha of N in top dressing and 77.2 g/ha of Mo in foliar spray.

Produção de alface americana em função da aplicação de doses e fontes de fósforo

Avaliou-se o efeito de doses e fontes de fosforo na producao de alface americana em experimento no municipio de Santo Antonio do Amparo, MG, de junho a setembro/98. O delineamento utilizado foi blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 2x4, com tres repeticoes, compreendendo duas fontes de fosforo [superfosfato simples (18% de P2O5) e termofosfato magnesiano (17% de P2O5)], e quatro doses (0, 300, 600, 900 kg ha-1de P2O5). Avaliou-se a producao total e comercial de alface, comprimento do caule e circunferencia da cabeca comercial. Observou-se para a producao total e comercial efeitos significativos na interacao entre doses e fontes. Para o superfosfato simples houve regressao quadratica em que as doses de 672 e 617 kg ha-1 de P2O5, apresentaram as maiores producoes total e comercial, respectivamente. Quanto ao termofosfato magnesiano verificou-se aumento linear na produtividade. Com o uso da dose de 583 kg ha-1de P2O5 obteve-se o maior comprimento de caule (6,7 cm), sem no entanto, prejudicar o valor comercial. As doses, bem como as fontes de fosforo utilizadas nao apresentaram o efeito significativo com relacao a circunferencia da cabeca comercial.

Comportamento de cultivares de alface americana em Santo Antônio do Amparo

The behavior of crisphead lettuce cultivars at two planting periods was evaluated in two experiments carried in Santo Antonio do Amparo, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from September to December 1998 and February to May 1999, under a plastic tunnel conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six treatments (cv Cassino; Legacy; Lucy Brown; Lorca; Lady and Raider) with four replications. The evaluations of total and marketable fresh weight, circumference and stem length of the marketable head were carried out when the plants had well formed and compact heads. In the first cultivation period, the cultivars Lady (820,4 g plant-1) and Lucy Brown (790,7 g plant-1) presented higher fresh weight. However, they did not differ from cultivar Lorca (626,6 g plant-1). The cultivars Lady (620.0 g plant-1) and Lucy Brown (559.3 g plant-1) presented the highest yield of marketable fresh weight. The circumference of marketable heads varied from 36.3 to 47.2 cm and the stem length from 3.3 to 4.5 cm. No significant differences were observed among cultivars for total and commercial fresh mass in the second planting time; However, all cultivars presented commercial fresh mass above 850 g plant-1. The marketable head circumference varied from 45.4 to 53.4 cm and the stem length from 3.7 to 4.9 cm. Highest yield of fresh mass was obtained in the second planting time.

Similaridade genética de cultivares de alho pela comparação de caracteres morfológicos, físico-químicos, produtivos e moleculares

Morphological (plant height, number of green leaves, width of leaves, and the insertion angle of the leaves), physical-chemical (soluble solids, the total titratable acidity, and the pH), productive (commercial production and medium weight of the bulbs) and molecular (with RAPD markers) characteristics of garlic were studied. Twelve cultivars, six semi-noble (Gigante Curitibanos, Gigante Roxo, Gigante Roxao, Gravata, Amarante and Cateto Roxo) and six noble (Cacador, Chonan, Contestado 12, Cacador 30, Cacador 40 and Quiteria 595) were analyzed. The results of the similarity analysis among cultivars were equivalent, when morphologic, physical-chemical and productive or molecular characteristics were evaluated, indicating that the methods presented the same resolution to distinguish cultivars, generating two groups: one formed by seminoble and other formed by the noble cultivars.

Determinação do ponto de colheita na produção de alho

The harvest point for tropical garlic cultivars was determined through an experiment carried out in the Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil, with randomized block design, in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, four replications, testing four cultivars: Gigante Curitibanos, Gravata, Gigante Lavinia and Gigante Roxo and five harvesting dates: 134, 141, 148, 155 and 162 days after planting. The total yield of plant, total yield of garlic bulbs and physical-chemical characteristics (soluble acids content, titrable acidity and pH indices) were determined. The harvest date influenced significantly the yield and physical-chemical characteristics: Maximum yield, soluble solids concentration, and organic acids in garlic juice were obtained when harvesting at 148 and 156 days after planting date.