Rubian Diego Andrade

Translation and validation of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) into Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS The translation/validation process was carried out through translation, back translation, technical review, assessment of verbal comprehension/clarity of the scale by experts and a focus group, test-retest, and application of the tool. The reproducibility analysis was performed by applying the PDSS in test-retest; internal consistency was verified by applying the scale in 90 children and adolescents. RESULTS The mean score of the sum of PDSS questions was 15.6 (SD=5.0) points. The PDSS showed appropriate indicators of content validation and clarity for the Brazilian Portuguese version. The internal consistency analysis showed a Cronbachs alpha of 0.784. The PDSS showed adequate reproducibility. The PDSS scores showed a significant and negative correlation with time spent in bed (r=-0.214; p=0.023). CONCLUSION The Brazilian Portuguese version of the PDSS shows satisfactory indicators of validity and can be applied in clinical practice and scientific research.

Factors associated with short sleep duration in adolescents

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with short sleep duration in adolescents from Maravilha – Santa Catarina (SC), southern Brazil. Methods: The sample consisted of 516 adolescents aged 10–19 years of both genders. Issues associated with short sleep duration and difficulty falling asleep, chronotype, daytime sleepiness, physical activity, sedentary behavior and weight status were investigated. Results: The prevalence of short sleep duration (<8h on school days) was 53.6%. Adolescents aged 17–19 years showed a 2.05-fold (95%CI: 1.20–3.50) greater prevalence of short sleep duration than those aged 10–12 years. The ones studying in morning and evening shifts had a higher prevalence of short sleep duration compared to those in the afternoon shift. Older age and school shift were the main factors associated with short sleep duration. Conclusions: Adolescents from Maravilha showed high prevalence of short sleep duration, and older adolescents that studied in the morning and evening shifts showed reduced sleep.

Sleep in adolescents of different socioeconomic status: a systematic review

Objective: To analyze the sleep characteristics in adolescents from different socioeconomic levels. Data source: Original studies found in the MEDLINE/PubMed and SciELO databases without language and period restrictions that analyzed associations between sleep variables and socioeconomic indicators. The initial search resulted in 99 articles. After reading the titles and abstracts and following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles with outcomes that included associations between sleep variables (disorders, duration, quality) and socioeconomic status (ethnicity, family income, and social status) were analyzed. Data synthesis: The studies associating sleep with socioeconomic variables are recent, published mainly after the year 2000. Half of the selected studies were performed with young Americans, and only one with Brazilian adolescents. Regarding ethnic differences, the studies do not have uniform conclusions. The main associations found were between sleep variables and family income or parental educational level, showing a trend among poor, low social status adolescents to manifest low duration, poor quality of sleeping patterns. Conclusions: The study found an association between socioeconomic indicators and quality of sleep in adolescents. Low socioeconomic status reflects a worse subjective perception of sleep quality, shorter duration, and greater daytime sleepiness. Considering the influence of sleep on physical and cognitive development and on the learning capacity of young individuals, the literature on the subject is scarce. There is a need for further research on sleep in different realities of the Brazilian population.

Sono e adolescência: quantas horas os adolescentes precisam dormir?

Objetivo Determinar a especificidade e a sensibilidade de uma medida para apontar o melhor ponto de corte para a duracao de sono como preditor da sonolencia diurna excessiva em adolescentes. Metodos Participaram do estudo 1.359 adolescentes, com idades de 14 a 21 anos, de duas cidades do sul do Brasil, que responderam a questionario de habitos de sono e sonolencia diurna. Utilizou-se a Receiver Operating Characteristic para estimar a capacidade preditiva da duracao de sono para a sonolencia diurna excessiva. Resultados A media de duracao do sono para os adolescentes com sonolencia diurna excessiva foi de 7,9 horas e para aqueles sem sonolencia diurna excessiva foi de 8,33 horas (p < 0,001). A prevalencia de sonolencia diurna excessiva foi de 35,7%. Foi observada correlacao significativa e negativa entre a duracao do sono e as idades analisadas (p < 0,001). A analise de Receiver Operating Characteristic indicou duracao minima de 8,33 horas como protecao para a sonolencia diurna excessiva. Conclusao Foi observada alta prevalencia de sonolencia diurna excessiva e propoe-se como possivel duracao de sono um minimo de 8,33 horas nos dias com aula para que os adolescentes evitem esse desfecho.

Constraints to leisure-time physical activity among Brazilian workers

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify perceived constraints to leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) most prevalent in Brazilian workers. Furthermore, this study aimed to analyze the types of constraints perceived in the practice of LTPA that better characterize the behaviour of active and insufficiently active workers. The study included 885 workers from a Brazilian industry. The level of physical activity and constraints practiced were analyzed, as well as sociodemographic data and work-related health factors. The most frequently perceived constraints to LTPA were ‘long working hours’ (60.3%), ‘family commitments’ (58.1%), and ‘housework’ (54.5%). Intrapersonal constraints better explained the behaviour of insufficiently active workers; moreover, for those with a regular physical activity, the constraints were environmental and structural. Long working hours and excess housework reflect low levels of physical activity in workers. The model of leisure constraints was confirmed in Brazilian workers with different levels of physical activity.

Sono e treinamento em atletas de elite do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Objetivou-se investigar algumas questoes de sono, saude e treinamento de atletas de elite do Estado de Santa Catarina - SC. Fizeram parte da amostra 452 atletas de modalidades coletivas e individuais que responderam a um questionario com questoes relacionadas ao sono (duracao e qualidade do sono, pesadelos e piora do sono antes da competicao) e sobre sua percepcao de saude. Alem disso, foi investigado se os atletas receberam, durante seus treinamentos, recomendacoes a respeito do seu sono. 48,5% dos atletas apresentaram baixa duracao do sono (< 8h). Aqueles que receberam instrucoes sobre sono no treinamento apresentaram maior duracao do sono (p < 0,001) e melhor qualidade de sono (p = 0,045). Atletas que nao tiveram instrucoes sobre o sono apresentaram 1,35 (IC95%1,02-1,78) vez mais prevalencia de baixa duracao do sono. Alem disso, a maioria dos atletas relatou que seu sono piora na vespera de competicoes e jogos importantes. Uma boa qualidade do sono esteve associada com percepcao mais positiva de saude e aqueles atletas que receberam instrucoes sobre o sono durante seus treinamentos apresentaram maior duracao e melhor qualidade do sono. Recomenda-se assim, que as instrucoes sobre sono passem a fazer parte das rotinas de treinamentos de atletas brasileiros, bem como se investigue quais informacoes e estrategias sao mais efetivas para a melhora do sono dos atletas.

Validade de construto e consistência interna da Escala de Práticas no Lazer (EPL) para adultos

This study proposes and analyzes the construct validity and internal consistency of the Leisure Practices Scale (EPL). This survey seeks to identify the preferences and involvement in in different leisure practices in adults. The instrument was formed based on the cultural leisure content (artistic, manual, physical, sports, intellectual, social, tourist, virtual and contemplation/leisure). The validation process was conducted with: a) content analysis by leisure experts, who evaluated the instrument for clarity of language and practical relevance, which allowed the calculation of the content validity coefficient (CVC); b) reproducibility test-retest with 51 subjects to calculate the temporal variation coefficient; c) internal consistency analysis with 885 participants. The evaluation presented appropriate coefficients, both with respect to language clarity (CVCt = 0.883) and practical relevance (CVCt = 0.879). The reproducibility coefficients were moderate to excellent. The scale showed adequate internal consistency (0.72). The EPL has psychometric quality and acceptable values in its structure, and can be used to investigate adult involvement in leisure activities.

Factor structure of the Brazilian version of Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to analyze the construct validity of the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) for the evaluation of the daytime sleepiness construct in adolescents through confirmatory factorial analysis. The cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 773 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, enrolled in the state schools of Paranaguá, Paraná, Brazil. We investigated the sex, age, school year, study shift, occupational status, socioeconomic level and daytime sleepiness. The PDSS questions were not normal (p <0.001) and the mean total score was 14.87 (5.62). With Schwarz’s BIC adjustment indicators = 142,389 and Akaike’s AIC = 105,389, the model reached the criteria of the global adjustment indicators of the model in the confirmatory analysis, in which RMSEA = 0.020; CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.977; SRMR = 0.021, with 17 degrees of freedom, KMO = 0.8504 and Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.737, with three correlations. We conclude that the construct validity of the PDSS remains valid and confirms its factor structure with only one factor. Thereby, it was verified that the operationalization of the construct sleepiness of adolescents through this scale is adequately conceptualized to the behavior of the age group.

Proposal of cutoff points for pediatric daytime sleepiness scale to identify excessive daytime sleepiness

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to propose cutoff points for the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) through sensitivity and specificity analyses in order to identify excessive daytime sleepiness, considering parameters such as duration and quality of sleep, health perception, stress control and depressive moods (feelings of sadness) in adolescents. A total of 1,132 adolescents, aged 14–19 years old, of both sexes, from the public high school of São José – SC, answered the questionnaire with information on age, daytime sleepiness, sleep duration, health perception, stress management, depressive moods (feelings of sadness) and quality of sleep. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate cutoff points considering the sensitivity and specificity values that best identify adolescents with excessive daytime sleepiness, using independent variables as a reference. The majority of the sample was female (54.2%), aged 14–16 years. The girls presented worse quality of sleep (66.4%), and the boys had a more positive perception of health (74.8%), better stress control (64.8%) and lower depressive moods (feelings of sadness) (63.3%). The largest area in the ROC curve was the one that considered sleep quality as a parameter in both sexes (area of the curve = 0.709 and 0.659, respectively, for boys and girls, p < 0.001). Considering sleep quality as a reference, the cutoff point for excessive daytime sleepiness was 15 points. The other parameters used were also significant (p < 0.005). Poor sleep quality was the parameter most strongly related to daytime sleepiness, and a cutoff of 15 points for the PDSS for both sexes should be used in the definition of excessive daytime sleepiness. For the other parameters, stress management, depressive mood (feelings of sadness) and health perception, different cutoff points are suggested for boys and girls.

Padrões de sono e sonolência diurna: comparação entre adolescentes do interior e da região metropolitana

Introduction: Sleep is a physiological process whose expression in humans is influenced by social and environmental factors. Objective: Compare the variables sleep and daytime sleepiness in adolescents from a municipality in the countryside and from a metropolitan city. Method: Study participants were 1645 adolescents from representative samples of two cities of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil: one from the interior of the state and another from a metropolitan area. Adolescents responded to a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic issues, sleeping and waking times on weekdays and weekends, daytime sleepiness, and health perception. Results: Adolescents living in the metropolitan region presented delayed sleeping (p < 0.001), waking (p < 0.001), and mid-sleep (p < 0.001) times compared with those of adolescents from the countryside. No statistically significant differences were observed between the means of sleep duration identified (p = 0.645). Adolescents also presented similar sleepiness indexes (p = 0.082). Association of negative health perception with high scores on the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness