Rudinei Toneto Júnior

A estrutura de provisão dos serviços de saneamento básico no Brasil: uma análise comparativa do desempenho dos provedores públicos e privados

This article provides an analysis that compares the performance of public and private enterprises of basic sanitation in Brazil. The performance differences between enterprises, according to the literature are subject to different incentives, were evaluated based on data from the Sistema Nacional de Informacoes do Saneamento (Snis) in 2010 from an estimated cross-section for a sample of 4.930 Brazilian municipalities. The results do not provide strong evidence that a group is higher than in most other indicators. Since the groups revealed the superiority of specific indicators, the contribution of this study is to propose the design of a policy that considers various methods of management and provision as a possible solution to the challenge of universal services in the country.

Evolução do acesso a serviços de saneamento básico no Brasil (1970 a 2004)

Evolution of the access to services of basic sanitation in Brazil (1970 to 2004) - The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of the coverage of basic sanitation services in Brazil since the beginning of the 1970s until 2004, taking into account some regional, municipal, and domiciliary variables: (i) geographic region; (ii) population and city size; (iii) urbanization rate; (iv) domicile location (rural or urban areas) and (v) monthly domiciliary income. This analysis allowed to evaluate: (i) whether the characteristics of domiciliary access deficit are recent or were already taking place in 1970 and (ii) whether there is a convergence of domiciliary access rates, i.e., if in the analyzed categories, the difference between the best and the worse rates of access are decreasing. Besides, it was possible to inquire which type of public policy carried away for the sector has generated investments that succeeded to reach the poorest localities.

O impacto da adesão a padrões mais elevados de governança sobre o financiamento empresarial

No Brasil, a obtencao de credito pelas empresas e dificultada pelas incertezas acerca das decisoes judiciais e pelo fraco enforcement das leis, o que mostra sua fragilidade institucional. No presente trabalho, busca-se verificar se a melhoria na governanca corporativa das empresas, por melhorar a qualidade das informacoes prestadas ao mercado e aumentar o comprometimento dos tomadores com os investidores, contribui para amenizar as falhas institucionais do Pais, elevando o financiamento das empresas. Para tal, comparam-se os indices de alavancagem das empresas que aderiram as normas contidas nos padroes diferenciados de governanca da Bolsa de Valores de Sao Paulo (Bovespa) com as empresas que continuaram negociando suas acoes no mercado tradicional. Os resultados dos testes com dados em painel mostram que, controlando pelo tamanho das empresas (ativo total), a variavel dummy de governanca foi positivamente correlacionada e estatisticamente significativa para os indices de Divida Bruta/Patrimonio Liquido e Exigivel a Longo Prazo/Patrimonio Liquido; negativamente correlacionada e estatisticamente significativa com o indice de Passivo Circulante/Patrimonio Liquido e nao apresentou significância estatistica para a variavel Exigivel Total/Patrimonio Liquido. Dessa forma, os dois primeiros indices mostram que as empresas com melhores niveis de governanca aumentaram seu financiamento em entidades financeiras e seu endividamento total de longo prazo, mas tiveram uma reducao em seu endividamento total de curto prazo, o que pode explicar a nao-significância da variavel de governanca para o endividamento total, conforme mostrado pelo ultimo indice.

Desigualdade de acesso a serviços de saneamento ambiental nos municípios brasileiros: evidências de uma Curva de Kuznets e de uma Seletividade Hierárquica das Políticas?

The main objective of this paper was to evaluate the relation between the inequality of access to environmental sanitation services and household income. In addition to that, it was analyzed whether the inequality of access is influenced by other variables related to supply of services, mainly the political aspects. Three hypotheses were verified: (i) if there is a positive relation between the inequality of access to sanitation services and inequality of income; (ii) if this relation between inequality of access to sanitation services and per capita income is similar to the Kuznets Curve (KC); and (iii) if there is a Hierarchical selection of Policies (HSP) in these services. The results for the Brazilian cities in the years 1991 and 2000 suggest the existence of hierarchical selection in the three services considered, and the Kuznets Curve only in the water supply service.

The structure of provision of basic sanitation in Brazil: a comparative analysis of the performance of public and private providers

This article provides an analysis that compares the performance of public and private enterprises of basic sanitation in Brazil. The performance differences between enterprises, according to the literature are subject to different incentives, were evaluated based on data from the Sistema Nacional de Informacoes do Saneamento (Snis) in 2010 from an estimated cross-section for a sample of 4.930 Brazilian municipalities. The results do not provide strong evidence that a group is higher than in most other indicators. Since the groups revealed the superiority of specific indicators, the contribution of this study is to propose the design of a policy that considers various methods of management and provision as a possible solution to the challenge of universal services in the country.

La estructura de la oferta de servicios de saneamiento en Brasil: un análisis comparativo del desempeño de los proveedores públicos y privados

This article provides an analysis that compares the performance of public and private enterprises of basic sanitation in Brazil. The performance differences between enterprises, according to the literature are subject to different incentives, were evaluated based on data from the Sistema Nacional de Informacoes do Saneamento (Snis) in 2010 from an estimated cross-section for a sample of 4.930 Brazilian municipalities. The results do not provide strong evidence that a group is higher than in most other indicators. Since the groups revealed the superiority of specific indicators, the contribution of this study is to propose the design of a policy that considers various methods of management and provision as a possible solution to the challenge of universal services in the country.