Rukiye Durkan

Gender Difference in Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Retrospective Study on 243 Consecutive Patients

Background: This study evaluated the prevalence of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) among patients with TMD symptoms. Methods: Between September 2011 and December 2011, 243 consecutive patients (171 females, 72 males, mean age 41 years) who were referred to the Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon were examined physically and completed a questionnaire regarding age, gender, social status, general health, antidepressant drug usage, dental status, limited mouth opening, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds, and parafunctions (bruxism, clenching). The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression model (alpha = 0.05). Results: With a frequency of 92%, pain in the temporal muscle was the most common symptom, followed by pain during mouth opening (89%) in both genders. TMJ pain at rest, pain in the masseter muscle, clicking, grinding, and anti-depressant use were significantly more frequent in females than males. Age (p=0.006; odds ratio 0.954; 95% CI 0.922-0.987) and missing teeth (p=0.003; odds ratio 3.753; 95% CI 1.589-8.863) had significant effects on the prevalence of TMD. Conclusion: Females had TMD signs and symptoms more frequently than males in the study population. The most common problem in both genders was pain.

The restoration of a maxillary central incisor fracture with the original crown fragment using a glass fiber‐reinforced post: a clinical report

This report describes an esthetic, conservative, and economical alternative restoration technique for a fractured central incisor using the patients own tooth crown piece and a bondable reinforcement glass fiber. Although the long-term durability of this adhesive post core restoration remains unknown, it remains successful after 1 year.

Antibacterial activity, surface roughness, flexural strength, and solubility of conventional luting cements containing chlorhexidine diacetate/cetrimide mixtures

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The failure of fixed dental restorations is commonly associated with caries. The use of conventional luting cements containing antibacterial agents may overcome this problem. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity (ABA), surface roughness (Ra), flexural strength (FS), and solubility (SL) patterns of the conventional dental luting cements zinc phosphate (ZP), zinc polycarboxylate (PC), and glass ionomer (GIC) after the addition of 5% chlorhexidine diacetate/cetrimide (CHX+CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Antibacterial agents with a total concentration of 5% (2.5% CHX+2.5% CT) were added to antibacterial agent-free conventional luting cement powders (ZPC, PCC, and GICC) and designated as experimental groups (ZPE, PCE, and GICE). ABA against Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus casei (LB) was examined by using the agar diffusion test method. Ra, FS, and SL values were obtained after storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U with Bonferroni correction tests were used to test for agar diffusion (α=.05) and 2-way ANOVA and Fisher Least Significant Difference (LSD) test were used to measure Ra, FS, and SL (α=.05). RESULTS The control groups exhibited limited ABA. With the exception of PCE>PCC on day 1 for SM, all experimental groups showed significantly greater and longer-lasting protection against SM and LB bacteria for up to 180 days than their controls (P<.05). Ra values decreased (ZPC>ZPE; P>.05, PCC>PCE; P<.05) except that GICE>GICC (P>.05) when compared with their individual controls. Control groups exhibited higher FS values than did the experimental groups (ZPC>ZPE; P<.05, PCC>PCE; P<.05, GICC>GICE; P>.05). The experimental groups exhibited higher solubilities than did their controls in the ZPC (P>.05) and GICC groups (P<.05) but were lower in PCC group (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Incorporating a 5% CHX+CT mixture into conventional dental luting cements and altering their Ra, FS, and SL values may provide greater antibacterial protection against SM and LB.

Comparative effect of different polymerization techniques on residual monomer and hardness properties of PMMA-based denture resins

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the residual monomer and microhardness of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)–based denture resins processed by using autoclave and conventional water bath techniques. Methods To determine the amount of residual methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer, disk-shaped specimens (n=5) were prepared from 3 different acrylic resins (Meliodent, Paladent and Qc-20). Control groups were polymerized in water bath for 30 minutes at 100°C. The study groups were prepared in an autoclave device for 60°C/30 min followed 130°C/10 min and the other group for 60°C/30 min followed by 130°C/20 min. According to standard calibration curves, ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 230 nm was used to determine the residual monomer. For the Vickers hardness measurements, disk-shaped specimens (n=5) were prepared for each test group. Hardness measurements were performed with a Vickers hardness tester under a 4.91-N press load for a 30 seconds, after immersion in distilled water at 37°C for 48 hours. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (p<0.05). Results Autoclave polymerization produced a significant decrease in the amount of residual monomers for all resin groups (p<0.05). This procedure also showed a significant increase in hardness for all resin groups (p<0.05). For the 3 resin groups, no significant differences were found between autoclave polymerization for 10 minutes and for 20 minutes (p>0.05). Conclusions The autoclave polymerization technique exhibited significantly lower residual monomer content and greater hardness than conventional heat polymerization.

The effect of acrylamide incorporation on the thermal and physical properties of denture resins

PURPOSE Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the most commonly used denture base material despite typically low in strength. The purpose of this study was to improve the physical properties of the PMMA based denture base resins (QC-20, Dentsply Ltd., Addlestone, UK; Stellon, AD International Ltd, Dentsply, Switzerland; Acron MC; GC Lab Technologies Inc., Alsip, Japan) by copolymerization mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Control group specimens were prepared according to the manufacturer recommendations. In the copolymer groups; resins were prepared with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% acrylamide (AAm) (Merck, Hohenbrunn, Germany) content according to the moleculer weight ratio, respectively. Chemical structure was characterized by a Bruker Vertex-70 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Bruker Optics Inc., Ettlingen, Germany). Hardness was determined using an universal hardness tester (Struers Duramin, Struers A/S, Ballerup, Denmark) equipped with a Vickers diamond penetrator. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of control and copolymers were evaluated by Perkin Elmer Diamond DSC (Perkin Elmer, Massachusetts,USA). Statistical analyses were carried out using the statistical package SPSS for Windows, version 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). The results were tested regarding the normality of distribution with the Shapiro Wilk test. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test (P<.01). RESULTS The copolymer synthesis was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Glass transition temperature of the copolymer groups were higher than the control groups of the resins. The 10%, 15% and 20% copolymer groups of Stellon presented significantly higher than the control group in terms of hardness. 15% and 20% copolymer groups of Acron MC showed significantly higher hardness values when compared to the control group of the resin. Acrylamide addition did not affect the hardness of the QC-20 resin significantly. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that copolymerization of PMMA with AAm increased the hardness value and glass transition temperature of PMMA denture base resins.

Effect of at-home whitening strips on the surface roughness and color of a composite and an ormocer restorative material.

PURPOSE Oxygenating agents like carbamide peroxide or H(2) O(2) are commonly used whitening agents. They have varying influence on the color and surface roughness of resin-based restorative materials and teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an at-home peroxide whitening agent applied through a whitening strip on the color and surface roughness of a nanofilled composite resin and an ormocer-based resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Disc-shaped (2 mm thick, 10 mm diameter) nanofilled resin composite (n = 10) and ormocer (n = 10) specimens were prepared. All specimens were treated with a whitening strip. Whitening procedures were performed applying a 6.5% hydrogen peroxide whitening strip (Crest White Strips Professional) for 30 minutes twice each day for a period of 21 consecutive days. During the test intervals, the specimens were rinsed under running distilled water for 1 minute to remove the whitening agents and immersed in 37°C distilled water until the next treatment. Surface roughness and color of the specimens were measured with a profilometer and a colorimeter, respectively, before and after whitening. Color changes were calculated (ΔE) using L*, a*, and b* coordinates. Repeated measures of variance analysis and Duncan test were used for statistical evaluation (α= 0.05). RESULTS The average surface roughness of composite increased from 1.4 Ra to 2.0 Ra, and from 0.8 Ra to 0.9 Ra for the ormocer material; however, these changes in roughness after whitening were not significant (p > 0.05). Also, when two materials were compared, the surface roughness of restorative materials was not different before and after whitening (p > 0.05). L* and b* values for each material changed significantly after whitening (p < 0.05). ΔE values (before/after whitening) calculated for composite (11.9) and ormocer (16.1) were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The tested whitening agent did not affect the surface roughness of either resin-based restorative material. Both materials became brighter after whitening. The behavior of the materials in the yellow/blue axis was opposite to each other after whitening. Each material had clinically unacceptable color change after whitening (ΔE > 5.5); however, the magnitude of the color change of materials was similar (p > 0.05). According to the results of this study, with the use of materials tested, patients should be advised that existing composite restorations may bleach along with the natural teeth, and replacement of these restorations after whitening may not be required.

Peel strength of denture liner to PMMA and polyamide: laser versus air-abrasion

PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of laser parameters and air-abrasion on the peel strength of silicon-based soft denture liner to different denture resins. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens (N=180) were prepared out of three different denture base resins (Rodex, cross-linked denture base acrylic resin; Paladent, heat-cured acrylic resin; Deflex, Polyamide resin) (75 mm × 25 mm × 3 mm). A silicon-based soft denture liner (Molloplast B) was applied to the denture resins after the following conditioning methods: a) Air-abrasion (50 µm), b) Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase MD Turbo, Biolase Technology) at 2 W-20 Hz, c) Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 2 W-30 Hz, d) Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 3 W-20 Hz, e) Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 3 W-30 Hz. Non-conditioned group acted as the control group. Peel test was performed in a universal testing machine. Failure modes were evaluated visually. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukeys test (α=.05). RESULTS Denture liner tested showed increased peel strength after laser treatment with different parameters (3.9±0.4 - 5.58±0.6 MPa) compared to the control (3.64±0.5 - 4.58±0.5 MPa) and air-abraded groups (3.1±0.6 - 4.46±0.3 MPa), but the results were not statistically significant except for Paladent, with the pretreatment of Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 3 W-20 Hz. Polyamide resin after air-abrasion showed significantly lower peel strength than those of other groups (3.1±0.6 MPa). CONCLUSION Heat-cured acrylic resin, PMMA, may benefit from Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment at 3 W-20 Hz irradiation. Air-abrasion of polyamide resins should be avoided not to impair their peel bond strengths to silicon-based soft denture liners.

MONOLİTİK ZİRKONYA SERAMİK SİSTEMİ KULLANILARAK MİNİMAL İNVAZİV TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMI: BİR OLGU NEDENİYLE

Tek dis eksikliginin restorasyonunda, geleneksel sabit bolumlu protezler veya implant destekli kronlar siklikla uygulanan tedavi yontemleridir. Diger bir secenek olan inley baglantili adeziv restorasyonlar, implant endikasyonunun bulunmadigi vakalarda tercih edilebilecek koruyucu bir tedavi secenegidir. Bilgisayar destekli tasarim ve bilgisayar destekli uretim teknolojisinin ilerlemesi ve buna bagli olarak kullanilan farkli materyallerin uretilmesi ile yuksek estetik ve mekanik ozelliklere sahip protezler yapilmaktadir. Bu vaka raporunda posterior tek dis eksikliginin, monolitik zirkonya seramik sisteminin kullanildigi inley baglantili sabit bolumlu protez ile restorasyonu anlatilmaktadir. Anahtar kelimeler: Inley baglantili protez, monolitik zirkonya, CAD-CAM MONOLITIC ZIRCONIA CERAMIC INLAY RETAINED BRIDGE RESTORATION FOR MINIMALLY INVASIVE REHABILITATION: A CASE ABSTRACT Conventional fixed partial denture and implant supported crowns are commonly used treatment methods for restoration of single missing tooth. Inlay retained adhesive restorations, which is another treatment method, are conservative treatment choice that may be preferred in such cases without any implant indications. With the progress of computer-aided design and computer-assisted manufacturing technology and ceramic materials produced accordingly, prostheses are produced with high aesthetic and mechanical properties. In this case report, restoration of single missing posterior tooth by using inlay retained fixed partial denture which uses monolithic zirconia ceramic system has been mentioned. Keywords: Inley retained prothesis, monolithic zirconia, CAD-CAM

Reinforcement Of Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material By Copolymerisation Mechanism

Protez Kaide Materyali Olarak Kullanılan Akrilik Rezinlerin Kopolimerizasyon Yöntemiyle Güçlendirilmesi Reinforcement Of Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material By Copolymerisation Mechanism Elif Aydoğan Ayaz1, Rukiye Durkan2, Bora Bağış3 1Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı, Trabzon 2Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı, Afyon 3İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Protetik Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir

ZİRKONYA DENTAL İMPLANTLAR: KLİNİK PARAMETRELER, YAPISAL ÖZELLİKLER, GÜNCEL SİSTEMLER

OZET Butun dunyada implant sistemleri ve materyal uretim endustrisindeki gelismeler ile biyoteknoloji urunleri olan titanyum implantlara alternatif olabilecek zirkonya dental implantlar uretilmistir. Zirkonya seramik implantlar ozellikle ust cene anterior bolge estetik implant protezlerinin yapiminda tercih edilen yontemlerden biridir. Bu makalede protetik dis hekimliginde kullanimlari giderek artan tek parca veya iki parcali sistemleri bulunan zirkonya dental implantlarda klinik parametreler, zirkonya implantlarin avantaj ve dezavantajlari ile yapisal ozellikleri ve guncel zirkonya implant sistemleri anlatilmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: zirkonya dental implant, tek parca zirkonya implant, iki parcali zirkonya implant Zirconia dental implants: Clinical parameters, structural features, current systems ABSTRACT All over the world zirconia dental implants are made as an alternative to biotechnology products of titanium implants by the advances in implant systems and material production industry. Zirconia ceramic implant is one of the preferred methods for the construction of maxillary anterior region aesthetic implant prostheses. This article describes the clinical parameters of single or two-pieces zirconia dental implant systems which is increasingly used in prosthetic dentistry and the advantages and disadvantages of zirconia implants, structural properties of them and current zirconia implant systems. Key words: zirconia dental implant, one-piece zirconia implant, two-pieces zirconia implant