S. Vogl

Significant correlations between certain spectra of atmospherics and different biological and pathological parameters

Atmospherics are very short naturally occurring electromagnetic impulses of between 4 and 50 kHz. In this review we summarize our results concerning the correlations between certain spectra of atmospherics and several biological and pathological parameters.

Regulation of hepatocyte proliferation

After partial hepatectomy the low proliferation rate of hepatocytes increases dramatically. This is based on a feed-back system whose central link is a liver cell proliferation hormon, the so-called hepatopoietin. The hormon originates from the Peyers patches: after their resection, the liver cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy decreases by about 80%. Hepatopoietin effects organ specific but species nonspecific.

Natural atmospherics and occurrence of seizures in six adolescents with epilepsy: a cross correlation study

As already seen in a former study of 315 epileptic seizures in adults, subsequent investigation of 3333 epileptic seizures in six adolescents revealed a significant increase of the seizure frequency during days with a higher mean frequency of 28 kHz atmospherics, and a decrease during days with a (Baumer apparatus) distinctly higher amount of 10 kHz when compared with the daily mean frequency within the whole period. However, one patient showed an opposite behaviour regarding the correlations of 28 and 10 kHz atmospherics and the mean numbers of seizures.

Significant correlations between atmospherics and the in vivo incorporation of 3H−thymidine into the nuclear DNA of liver cells

In the past years our group has described highly significant correlations between four diseases and respective spectra of natural atmospherics. In detail, a correlat ion r = 0.30 exists between the positive difference of 28 k H z 1 0 kHz atmospherics, and r = 0 . 2 0 between the positive difference of 10 k H z 2 8 kHz impulses and the onset of epileptic fits [1]. Fur thermore 28-kHz atmospherics have a correlat ion r = 0.15 with heart infarcts [2]. The relation between the onset of sudden deafness and atmospherics is especially interesting: the impulse spectrum two nights before the respective day is important , while the impulses of the day itself have no significant statistical relation. This means that the human organism seems to have a biomagnet ic memory [3]. Finally, we found a high correlat ion between 8and 10-kHz atmospherics and the inf lammat ion react ion of rats after a carrageenan inject ion [4, 5]. The question of the mechanisms of these correlations cannot be answered at present. However, we now refer to a new observat ion which may help to solve this question in future. In our studies of the specific liver cell prol iferat ion hormone hepatopoiet in (Hp) [6], we injected i .p . into four mice Hp extract for testing on prol i ferat ion activity and calculated the mean of the 3H-thymidine incorpora t ion into the D N A of liver cell nuclei in compar ison with the mean value of four control animals which had been given an i .p . injection of saline. In the course of these investigations, it was striking that the values of the controls in themselves were similar; however, the mean at different days differed considerably even though we always observed precisely

Increased proliferative activity in selenium-deficient mouse liver.

Male albino NMRI mice were fed a selenium-deficient (Se-), torula yeast-based diet containing less than 10 ppb Se for at least 2 months (Se-) while a control group received the same diet supplemented (Se+) with 330 ppb Se as Na2SeO3. The Se-(-)animals showed multiple enzyme modulations of liver enzyme activities indicating that they were in a severely Se- state. No significant difference in the basic DNA synthesis rate of Se-(-)animals compared to Se+ controls was measured. However, when liver cell proliferation was induced by either hepatopoietin pretreatment or by partial hepatectomy, an about 3-fold increase in DNA replication rates was found in Se- compared to controls. We conclude that the enhanced proliferative activity in Se- mouse liver is expressed in an emergency situation.

Artificial Simulation of Naturally Occurring, Biologically Active Atmospherics

In recent years, partial high correlations with low-error probabilities have been detected between naturally occurring atmospherics and certain meteorological or biological/pathological parameters.Correlations are, in principle, not able to demonstrate causal relationships. However, we have now succeeded in constructing an apparatus that artificially simulates certain naturally occurring atmospheric spectra. With it, the proliferative activity of C6-glioma cells in vitro may be influenced in a similar manner as the correlation with naturally occurring atmospherics. This may have far-reaching theoretical and practical consequences.

Significant correlations between atmospheric spectra according to Baumer and the in vitro incorporation of [3H]thymidine into the nuclear DNA of C6-glioma cells

Significant correlations between certain spectra of atmospherics (spherics) according to Baumer (a.t.B), i.e. naturally occurring electro‐magnetic impulses in the range of 4–50 kHz, and several diseases or biological parameters have been published earlier. Now we show that there exists a highly significant negative correlation (r= −0.61, P>0.004) between the occurrence of 28 kHz impulses (a.t.B.) and the in vitro incorporation of thymidine into the nuclear DNA of C6‐glioma cells. The positive correlation with the 10 kHz impulses (a.t.B.) (r=0.39), however, is statistically not significant (P>0.055).

Ser Asp Lys-Ac, a strong inhibitor of liver cell proliferation

Increases in liver cell proliferation have been investigated mostly by partial hepatectomy. It has been found that this increase is controlled by several factors [1]. One of the first factors described is hepatopoietin, a heatand acid-stable glycoprotein with a MW of approx. 30000 Da [2]. Hepatopoietin is organspecific, but species-unspecific. Regarding these qualities, it is distinctly different from the HGF described in 1987 [3]. Formerly the HGF had also been named Hepatopoietin A. This name, however, has now been abandoned [4]. In the course of our investigations of hepatopoietin [5-8], we discovered that, in vivo as well as in vitro, the tripeptide Ser Asp Lys-Ac (SDK-Ac) inhibits in minimal amounts the proliferation of hepatocytes very intensively [9]. Also, the tetrapeptide SDKP-Ac inhibits proliferation of remnant liver cells after partial hepatectomy [10], however, its effect is much less than that of the tripeptide. After a partial hepatectomy, the increased proliferation of the remnant liver cells stops, if the original number of cells is approximately reached again. Also, this inhibition of further proliferation is caused by several factors [1]. However, to date there is no evidence that one of these factors really terminates proliferation of hepatocytes after a partial hepatectomy. In the following, we discuss the very strong inhibition of liver cell proliferation by the tripeptide SDW-Ac. SDK-Ac corresponds to the N-terminal fragment of thymosine ~10, a peptide accomPanying thymosine [34 in mammalian tissues [11]. This peptide inhibits the formation of rosettes between sheep erythrocytes and human T-lymphocytes [12]; other biological activities have not been observed. It has been synthesized by applying a semiautomatic peptide synthesizer [13]. Its inhibitory activity of liver cell proliferation has been proved in the following two models [9]. 1) Six groups of Wistar rats (100 + 5 g) from the Max-Planck-Institut ftir Biochemie (Martinsried) were subjected to a 2/3 partial hepatectomy. After the operation, the rats received an i.p. injection of 1 ~tg SDK-Ac dissolved in 1 ml saline. The first group received the injection immediately after the operation; the four other groups 1, 3, 6, and 10 h after the operation. The sixth group served as the control. The results are presented in Table 1. In particular the group which received the tripeptide 10 h after the operation exhibited a 52 + 5 % decrease in the proliferation activity of the remnant liver cells compared with the control, as measured via addition of 3Hthymidine [5]. 2) In a previous study we reported that the ascites of Yoshida rat liver tumor cells (AH130) contains hepatopoietin or a hepatopoietin-like substance [14]. As a result, the tumor cells apparently maintain their tumorgenicity autocrinically. We therefore hypothesized that the tripeptide could also inhibit the proliferation of these tumor cells in the infected rats. In fact, the daily injection of 1 ~tg tripeptide/rat from the 7th to the 10th day after the infection was followed by a decrease in the mean amount of ascites as well as in the mean number of Yoshida cells in the ascites to less than 20 % (Table 2). Former studies have shown that the plasma of patients with a primary liver tumor and other liver diseases contains

Further purification and characterization of hepatopoietin

After a 2/3 partial hepatectomy of three rats, an extract can be obtained from the remaining livers which, after i.p. injection into normal rats or mice, increases the mitotic activity of their liver cells. By enzymatic procedures the active principle called hepatopoietin (Hp) was shown to be a protein with a relative molecular mass of about Mr = 40000. It was unclear why the increase of 3H-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of liver cell nuclei did not exceed threeto fourfold of the normal values even if a great excess of Hp extract was injected [1]. In the following we describe the further purification and characterization of Hp and how the limitation of activity of Hp has been overcome. Originally we obtained the Hp extract from rats killed 12 h after partial hepatectomy (Hp 12). Now we have better results 50 h after the operation (Hp 50). Hp 50 itself is toxic. However, after chloroform extraction (chloroform isoamylalcohol 24:1 v/v) and subsequent thorough dialysis against water (Hp 50 CD), a sample obtained from three rats increases hepatopoiesis in four normal mice 10 to 20-fold. This means simulation of a 3 0 40 % partial hepatectomy. Obviously, a hepatopoiesis-impeding factor had been removed from the extract [2] by chloroform extraction. The dialysis of Hp 50 CD using a membrane with an exclusion limit of M r = 10000 retains the hepatopoietin activity

Biological efficacy of partial hepatectomy and hepatopoietin in long-term selenium-deficient mice.

After partial hepatectomy the normal low proliferation rate of hepatocytes increases dramatically. This is based on a feed-back system whose central link is a liver cell proliferation hormone, the so-called hepatopoietin. This glycoprotein is organ-specific but not species-specific, i.e. an extract from rats is also active in mice. In order to examine the influence of selenium on liver cell proliferation, male albino NMRI mice were fed a selenium-deficient diet containing less than 10 ppb Se for at least 2 months (Se-). In the plasma protein profile and in the basic DNA synthesis rate of Se(-)-animals, no significant changes were observed compared to controls. However, liver cell proliferation induced by hepatopoietin or by partial hepatectomy was increased about 3-fold in Se-deficient mice. We assume a compensated metabolic Se-deficiency state in mice under these nutritional conditions, which leads to expression of enhanced metabolic capacity when induced by stress.