Saadettin Kayipmaz

CEP152 is a genome maintenance protein disrupted in Seckel syndrome

Functional impairment of DNA damage response pathways leads to increased genomic instability. Here we describe the centrosomal protein CEP152 as a new regulator of genomic integrity and cellular response to DNA damage. Using homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing, we identified CEP152 mutations in Seckel syndrome and showed that impaired CEP152 function leads to accumulation of genomic defects resulting from replicative stress through enhanced activation of ATM signaling and increased H2AX phosphorylation.

Validity of demirjian and nolla methods for dental age estimation for Northeastern Turkish children aged 5-16 years old

Objective: To evaluate the applicability of Demirjian and Nolla methods for northeastern Turkish population. Material and Method: A retrospective study was performed on panoramic radiographs of 673 subjects aged 5–15.9 years. The mean dental age (DA) according to the Demirjian and Nolla methods were compared to the mean chronological age (CA). Results: The mean CA of the study sample was 10.37±2.90 and 10.03±2.81 years for females and males, respectively. Using the Demirjian method, the mean estimated DA was 11.26±3.02 years for females and 10.87±2.96 years for males. For Nolla method, the mean estimated DA was 9.80±3.41 and 9.53±3.14 years for females and males, respectively. The mean differences between the CA and DA according to the Demirjian and Nolla methods were 0.86 and -0.54 years for total study sample. Conclusion: Nolla method was found to be a more accurate method for estimating DA in northeastern Turkish population. Key words:Dental age, demirjian method, nolla method, chronological age.

An in vitro comparison of diagnostic abilities of conventional radiography, storage phosphor, and cone beam computed tomography to determine occlusal and approximal caries

AIM The aim of this study was to compare conventional radiography, storage phosphor plate, and cone beam computed tomography for in vitro determination of occlusal and approximal caries. METHODS A total of 72 extracted human premolar and molar teeth were selected. Teeth were radiographed with conventional intraoral radiography, a storage phosphor plate system, and cone beam computed tomography and evaluated by two observers. The teeth were then separated and examined with a stereomicroscope and a scanner at approximately 8×magnification. RESULTS CBCT was statistically superior to conventional radiography and phosphor plate for determining occlusal caries. No significant difference from CBCT, conventional radiography and the phosphor plate system for determining approximal caries was found. CONCLUSION The CBCT system may be used as an auxiliary method for the detection of caries.

Denture-related hyperplasia: a clinical study of a turkish population group

Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum) (IFH) and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (IPH) are oral mucosal diseases caused by ill-fitting denture wearing. A study was carried out on a group of Turkish people consisted of 131 female and 39 male complete denture wearers (n= 170) distributed in two age groups (30-60 and 60-80 years old). The analysis of data collected from patients showed that while the incidence of IFH was higher in women than in men, the incidence of IPH was similar. Most lesions were found in the 30-60 year-old group. The incidence of lesions increased as the denture wearing period increased. Soft tissue growth was the main complaint of the patients with IFH and IPH. In the maxilla, the incidence of IFH was higher than IPH. There was also a significant difference between the distribution of the lesion types in the jaws. There were a larger number of lesions in the maxilla compared to the mandible and most IFH lesions were located in the anterior region of the jaws.

Conventional frontal radiographs compared with frontal radiographs obtained from cone beam computed tomography.

AIM To test the hypothesis that there is no difference between measurements performed on conventional frontal radiographs (FRs) and those performed on FRs obtained from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of conventional FRs and CBCT-constructed FRs obtained from 30 young adult patients. Twenty-three landmarks were identified on both types of cephalometric radiographs. Twenty-one widely used cephalometric variables (14 linear distances, 4 angles, and 3 ratios) were calculated. Paired t-tests were performed to compare the means of corresponding measurements on two cephalometric radiographs of the same patient. RESULTS Reproducibility of measurements ranged from 0.85 to 0.99 for CBCT-constructed FRs, and from 0.78 to 0.96 for conventional FRs. A statistically significant difference was observed between conventional FRs and CBCT-constructed FRs for all linear measurements (eurR-eurL, loR-loL, moR-moL, zygR-zygL, lapR-lapL, mxR-mxL, maR-maL, umR-umL, lmR-lmL, agR-agL, me-ans) (P < .05), except for the ans-cr measurement (P > .05). However, no statistically significant differences were noted between conventional FRs and CBCT-constructed FRs for ratios and angular measurements (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The hypothesis was rejected. A difference has been noted between measurements performed on conventional FRs and those performed on CBCT-constructed FRs, particularly in terms of linear measurements.

Evaluation of the radiopacity of luting cements by digital radiography.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of eight contemporary luting cements using direct digital radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten specimens, (5 mm diameter, 1 mm high) were prepared for each material tested (RelyX ARC, RelyX U100, RelyX Unicem, Nexus 2, Nexus 3, Metacem, Breeze, Adhesor zinc phosphate). The specimens were stored in a moist chamber at 37°C until completely set, then radiographed using a Kodak digital sensor and an aluminum step wedge with variable thicknesses (1 to 13 mm in 1-mm increments) used for reference. A Kodak 2100 intraoral X-ray unit was operated at 60 kV, 7 mA, and 0.20 seconds. According to international standards, the radiopacity of the specimens was compared with that of the aluminum step wedge using the equal-density area tool of the Kodak Dental Imaging software (ver. 6.7). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukeys test. RESULTS Adhesor zinc phosphate cement showed the highest radiopacity of all materials and dentin. Breeze showed the lowest radiopacity (p < 0.05). No significant difference in radiopacity was observed between dentin and RelyX ARC, Nexus 2, or Metacem (p > 0.05). The radiopacities of Nexus 3 and RelyX Unicem were significantly higher than those of other resin cements and dentin (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS All materials showed radiopacity above the minimum recommended by the International Organization for Standardization and the American National Standards/American Dental Association. Breeze had less radiopacity than dentin.

Trifid mandibular condyle

Bifid and trifid condyles are rare disorders of the mandible. Their etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. They can be associated with temporomandibular joint disorders or can be diagnosed incidentally on routine radiographic examination. This article presents a case of trifidism of the right mandibular condylar head of a 31-year-old woman with a history of childhood trauma to the head and neck. The patient was asymptomatic. The abnormal formation of the condyle was diagnosed incidentally on a panoramic radiograph and was evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography.

Computer-aided diagnosis of periapical cyst and keratocystic odontogenic tumor on cone beam computed tomography

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In this article, we propose a decision support system for effective classification of dental periapical cyst and keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) lesions obtained via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT has been effectively used in recent years for diagnosing dental pathologies and determining their boundaries and content. Unlike other imaging techniques, CBCT provides detailed and distinctive information about the pathologies by enabling a three-dimensional (3D) image of the region to be displayed. METHODS We employed 50 CBCT 3D image dataset files as the full dataset of our study. These datasets were identified by experts as periapical cyst and KCOT lesions according to the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features. Segmentation operations were performed on the CBCT images using viewer software that we developed. Using the tools of this software, we marked the lesional volume of interest and calculated and applied the order statistics and 3D gray-level co-occurrence matrix for each CBCT dataset. A feature vector of the lesional region, including 636 different feature items, was created from those statistics. Six classifiers were used for the classification experiments. RESULTS The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier achieved the best classification performance with 100% accuracy, and 100% F-score (F1) scores as a result of the experiments in which a ten-fold cross validation method was used with a forward feature selection algorithm. SVM achieved the best classification performance with 96.00% accuracy, and 96.00% F1 scores in the experiments in which a split sample validation method was used with a forward feature selection algorithm. SVM additionally achieved the best performance of 94.00% accuracy, and 93.88% F1 in which a leave-one-out (LOOCV) method was used with a forward feature selection algorithm. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, we determined that periapical cyst and KCOT lesions can be classified with a high accuracy with the models that we built using the new dataset selected for this study. The studies mentioned in this article, along with the selected 3D dataset, 3D statistics calculated from the dataset, and performance results of the different classifiers, comprise an important contribution to the field of computer-aided diagnosis of dental apical lesions.

Unusual teeth transpositions: two case reports

Tooth transposition is a rare dental anomaly that is characterized by the interchanged position of two adjacent permanent teeth in the same quadrant or ectopic eruption of one tooth in the place of another. This article presents two case reports of transpositions. In the first case, a 21-year-old man presented with a left maxillary canine to molar site transposition. Radiographs showed that the canine was transposed completely. In the second case, a 35-year-old man presented with a right mandibular second premolar that had erupted between the first and second molars. Radiographs showed that the second premolar was positioned between the first and second molars. Maxillary canine to first molar site transpositions are extremely rare. To date, just eight cases have been reported in the English literature. Early loss of the first permanent molar may trigger distal migration of a developing canine bud. A mandibular second premolar erupting between the first and second molars is also a rare position anomaly that has not been reported in the English literature.

Noise removal of CBCT images using an adaptive anisotropic diffusion filter

In this work we proposed an adaptive anisotropic filtering method for removing unwanted noise information that may occur in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. The data used in this study consist of 1200 different image sections obtained from 30 different patients who came to Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Clinic for routine controls. At first, to identify 2D image sections that do not contain noise information, we measured noise levels in CBCT dataset sections using a noise level estimation method. Then, we applied different levels of noise to those noise-free images. We used anisotropic diffusion filter (Perona and Maliks filter), an automatic anisotropic filter (Tsiotsios and Petrous method), and our adaptive anisotropic filtering method to remove noise information from those images. Afterward, we obtained peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and mean absolute error (MAE) values derived from the results. Proposed adaptive anisotropic diffusion filter seems to be a good choice for removing noise that may occur on CBCT image sections.