Saulo Boldrini Gonçalves

Efeito da profundidade de trabalho na qualidade da operação de subsolagem para implantação florestal

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, realizar uma avaliacao da profundidade de trabalho na qualidade da operacao de subsolagem para implantacao de povoamentos florestais. O experimento foi realizado em uma empresa florestal localizada no Municipio de Telemaco Borba, Estado do Parana, Brasil, em um Latossolo de textura media. O equipamento utilizado foi um trator de esteiras com potencia de 170 HP e peso operacional de 19.000 kg, equipado com lâmina tipo V-shear, tracionando um subsolador de arrasto mono-haste com peso de 5.390 kg, com a operacao de subsolagem nas profundidades de 40 e 50 cm. A qualidade da subsolagem foi determinada com base nos aspectos de profundidade, formato e distância entre as linhas de sulcos, com uso de graficos de controle. Os resultados indicaram a falta de controle no processo relacionado com a profundidade e formato das linhas de preparo do solo na operacao de subsolagem em ambos os tratamentos. O preparo do solo realizado a 50 cm de profundidade apresentou os melhores padroes de qualidade nas condicoes estudadas.

Biomechanical analysis of manual charge and discharge of eucalyptus wood.

The objective of this research was to analyze postures, cargo handling and physical workload in loading and unloading activities of eucalyptus wood for energy. The activity of loading was performed on a farm in the southern of Espírito Santo state and unloading in a pottery in the northern of Rio de Janeiro state. The postures were measured with filming and use tape measures for the application of OWAS method. The cargo handling was measured and analyzed based on the methodology of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the United States of America (NIOSH). According to the results concerning postures, operations manual loading and unloading require intervention with average risk of injury. Maximum load to be handled by workers is 4.7 kg in 6.8 kg load and discharge, requiring ergonomic reorganization. The physical workload was classified as heavy on loading and moderately heavy on wood

Technical and economic analysis of Eucalyptus stand thinning in the Espirito Santo Southern region.

O artigo analisa os aspectos tecnicos e economicos da colheita em regime de desbaste seletivo em povoamento de eucalipto. O estudo foi realizado em um talhao implantado com a especie hibrida Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla originado de sementes com seis anos de idade, localizado em uma propriedade rural no municipio de Sao Jose do Calcado, sul do estado do Espirito Santo. Para avaliar a aplicacao do desbaste, foi realizado inventario florestal por meio de parcelas distribuidas sistematicamente na area. Com isso foi possivel avaliar a selecao de arvores para desbaste, qualidade e intensidade da selecao de arvores remanescentes para serraria e estimar o volume de madeira colhido e remanescente. Foi realizado levantamento dos custos de implantacao, manutencao e desbaste ao longo do ciclo e posterior atualizacao destes dados pelo metodo do valor presente liquido (VPL), que juntamente com a receita obtida com o corte da madeira pode-se determinar a viabilidade do empreendimento. O desbaste foi realizado a um nivel de qualidade satisfatorio. A quantidade de individuos abatidos foi alta, devido ao baixo numero de arvores remanescentes com boa qualidade. O VPL mostrou a inviabilidade do investimento a uma taxa de juros de 6,75% ao ano. Palavras chave: qualidade, florestas plantadas, custos e receitas. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF EUCALYPTUS STAND THINNING IN THE ESPIRITO SANTO SOUTHERN REGION ABSTRACT This research aimed to analyze the technical and economic aspects of harvesting under selective thinning in eucalyptus stand. The study was conducted on hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. Those hybrids come from six-year-old seeds, and they are located on a farm in Sao Jose do Calcado, South of Espirito Santo State. A forest inventory was made by distributing systematically plots in the area to evaluate the application of the thinning that was done. It was then possible to evaluate the selection of trees for thinning, quality and selection intensity of remaining trees for timber and estimate the volume of harvested wood and remaining wood. Survey of deployment costs, maintenance and thinning along the cycle and subsequent update of these data by the net present value method (NPV) were performed, which together with the revenue from the harvested wood, it was possible to determine the viability of the project. Thinning was performed at a satisfactory quality level. The number of individuals thinned was high, due to the low number of high quality remaining trees. The NPV demonstrated the infeasibility of the investment at a rate of 6.65% per year. Keywords: quality, forest stand, costs and revenues. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14583/2318-7670.v03n02a09

Fatores Humanos e Condições de Trabalho em Atividades de Implantação e Manutenção Florestal

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the human factors and working conditions in forestry maintenance and planting operations in order to improve comfort, safety and health conditions of workers. The study was conducted in a forest company located in the region of Campos Gerais, Parana State. The characterization of human factors and work conditions was conducted by interviews with 72 workers of syilviculture activities. The results indicated that the workers’ average age was 34.9 years, most of them from rural origin, married, with low level of education, and short time experience in the company and the function, 14.9 and 12.5 months, respectively. In the opinion of most of the workers, the protection glasses used in the herbicide application activity were identified as a cause of discomfort at work.

Fatores Humanos e Condições de Trabalho em Atividades de Implantação e Manutenção Florestal / Human Factors and Work Conditions in Forest Maintenance andPlanting Operations

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the human factors and working conditions in forestry maintenance and planting operations in order to improve comfort, safety and health conditions of workers. The study was conducted in a forest company located in the region of Campos Gerais, Parana State. The characterization of human factors and work conditions was conducted by interviews with 72 workers of syilviculture activities. The results indicated that the workers’ average age was 34.9 years, most of them from rural origin, married, with low level of education, and short time experience in the company and the function, 14.9 and 12.5 months, respectively. In the opinion of most of the workers, the protection glasses used in the herbicide application activity were identified as a cause of discomfort at work.