Serpil Yilmaz

Employment and Problems in Turkish Aquaculture Industry

Technical staff employment at fish farms is regulated by legislations and circulars in Turkey. However, it is frequently observed that those rules are not followed. This study deals with the resources of aquaculture production in Turkey and the actual employment situation in this area. Besides, current and ideal employees’ numbers were compared and current and ideal aquaculture engineers’ numbers in aquaculture industry were quoted. In this context, actual production, costs and fixed capital investment and sales over the last decade were assessed in relation to employment. The conclusion is that the employment problems related to the qualified workers will continue to increase in the coming years.

Assessment of Fishery Products Consumption Behavior: the Case of Turkey

From the early history of humanity until today, fish and other fishery products have always been involved in human diet. The intake of a sufficient number of proteins has been enabled through high-quality fish meat containing a significant quantity of essential amino acids as well as omega-3 fatty acids. According to the studies, 150 grams of fish, meets the needs of a 50-60% of daily protein intake for an adult. A large part of fishery production in Turkey (86%), is consumed fresh. Turkey, within the scope of Common Fisheries Policy is trying to harmonize fisheries with the EU. A failure to update the 1380 coded Fisheries Law and rapid issuing of EU compatible regulations, safe food for consumers, high quality products along the year for processing industry and marketers, as well as the inability to ensure sustainable price development for the producers, prevent the success of the sector. The aim of this study was to determine the consumption behavior when taking fishery products in terms of food safety, reliability, product quality as well as the level of income and education.

Avrupa Birliği Sürecinde Gıda Sektöründe İzlenebilirlik ve Türkiye Uygulamaları

Izlenebilirlik; gida, gidanin elde edildigi hayvan, yem veya gidaya karistirilmasi tasarlanan ya da karistirilan maddenin uretim, isleme, dagitim ile ilgili tum asamalarinin izlenmesini kapsayan bir sistemdir. Bir gida urununun gecmisini izleyebilme, tedarik zinciri boyunca el degistirmesiyle ilgili tum bilgileri, kesin ve resmilestirilmis bir bicimde toplayabilme, hem modern sirketler, hem de gida guvenliginin saglanmasi acisindan kamu icin bir zorunluluktur. Bu zorunluluk, yasal duzenlemelere uyum, uluslararasi standartlar ve sertifikasyon gereksinimleri, pazarlama stratejileri ve programlarinin uygulanmasi, urun kokeninin, kimliginin ve kalitesinin kanitlanmasi ve en onemlisi ortaya cikabilecek sihhi salginlarin yayilmasina karsi etkin tepki yontemlerinin gerekliligi gibi pek cok nedenden kaynaklanmaktadir. Bilgi teknolojilerindeki hizli gelisim, gida izlenebilirlik sistemlerinin gelisimini de olumlu yonde etkilemektedir. Buna ragmen, gida izlenebilirliginin Turkiye sartlarinda arz zincirin karmasik yapisi ve tarim sektorunde karsilasilan bazi yapisal sorunlar nedeniyle hedeflenen konuma gelmesi gecikmektedir. Bu nedenle bu calismada, mevcut sistem ortaya konularak sistemin daha etkin bir yapi kazanmasi icin yapilmasi gerekenler tartisilmistir.

EVALUATION OF FISHING VESSEL BUYBACK PROGRAM IMPLEMENTED IN TURKEY DURING EU ACCESSION PROCESS

There have been important developments in the number of fishing vessels, size and engine power due to low-interest loans and customs exemptions provided by the state in the 1970s and fishing vessel numbers showed a rapid increase especially after 1980 in Turkey. However, marine fisheries production has been decreasing since 1985 despite the rapid development of the fishing fleet, leading to a decline in the real income of fishermen. In Turkish seas, there are 15.680 licensed fishing vessels actively operating with different depths in 2015. When the number of fishing vessels in Turkey is compared to those of the EU countries except Italy and Spain, vessels in these countries are found to be less than in Turkey. The situation is particularly damaging the ecosystem and the fish stocks by wrong fishing techniques. One of the most important ways to solve this issue is the repurchase “buyback” programs that are commonly encouraged by regulations of the state. In fact, most of the EU countries having advanced fishing industry decided that the reduction of fishing fleet is an effective solution and they have accepted to put it into practice.