Seyyal Ak

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of the Two Porcine Salmonella Typhimurium Isolates

The aim of the study is to detect the presence of the Salmonella species in swine with diarrhea, and to investigate their antimicrobial resistance and extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC β-lactamase production. For this purpose, stool samples from three commercial pig farms in Istanbul and Tekirdag were collected and processed for Salmonella isolation by culture and isolates were identified by biochemical activity tests. Salmonella isolates were confirmed by PCR then serotyped. Antimicrobial resistance and ESBL and AmpC production of the isolates were determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard. In the study, two hundred and thirty eight stool samples were examined. Salmonella spp. were obtained from 2 samples, and the isolation rate was determined as 0.8%. Both of the isolates were defined as Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (serotype 1, 4, [5], 12: I: 1, 2) by serotyping. Both of them were resistant to cefaclor, cloxacillin and lincomycin (100%). Multidrug resistance (resistance ≥3 antimicrobials) observed in all isolates. ESBL and AmpC production were not detected in any of the isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of S. Typhimurium in pigs with diarrhea in Turkey. This study also represents the first report of multi-drug resistant S. Typhimurium isolates from pig stools in Turkey.

Köpek ve Kedi Rektal Svablarından İzole Edilen Ampisilin-Dirençli Enterokokların İncelenmesi

Saglikli hayvanlar ve insanlarin barsak florasinin bir parcasi olan Enterekok turleri, kazanilmis direnc profilleri nedeniyle hem insan hem de hayvan hekimliginde onemli birer patojen olarak taninmaya baslanmistir. Bu calismada, kedi ve kopeklerde ampisiline direncli enterokok (ARE) turlerinin dagilimini, antimikrobiyal duyarlilik profillerini ve bu izolatlarin virulans ile iliskili ace, gelE, efaA, agg ve esp genleri incelendi. Bu amacla evcil hayvanlardan (86 kopek, 71 kedi) toplanan yuz elli yedi svap ornegi ampisilin direncli enterokok izolasyonu yonunden incelendi. ARE 18 kedi ve 18 kopek orneginden izole edildi. Izolatlarin antimikrobiyal duyarliliklari disk difuzyon metodu ile belirlendi. Butun izolatlar PCR ile E . faecium olarak saptandi. Izolatlar ampisilin, penisilin ve tetrasiklin (%100), rifampisin ve eritromisin (%97), streptomisin (%92), gentamisin (%81), siprofloksasin (%61) ve nitrofurantoin’e (%19) direncliydi. Sadece iki izolat vankomisine, bir izolat kloramfenikole direncliydi. Butun izolatlarda coklu-antibiyotik direnci (direnc ≥4 antimikrobiyal) saptandi. Virulens genleri ace, agg ve esp test edilen hicbir izolatta saptanmadi. efaA ve gelE genlerinin saptanma oranlari sirasiyla %13,8 ve %11,1 di. Pet hayvanlarinda ARE izolasyon orani %22,9 olarak saptandi. Evcil hayvanlar arasinda antimikrobiyal direncli Enterokoklarin taranmasi halk sagligi ile iliskilidir. Ayrica hayvan ve insanlarda antimikrobiyal direnc sorununu tespit etmek ve zamaninda onlem alabilmek konusunda yapilan calismanin aydinlatici olabilecegi dusunulmektedir.