Shijun Ni

Characteristics, Sources and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in PM10 in Panzhihua, China

Ambient PM10 air samples were collected at two industrial sites and one urban residential site in the mining city of Panzhihua, China, from April, 2014, to January, 2015. Mass concentrations of ten trace metals (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Co, V, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in PM10 were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results showed Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn and V were the most abundant elements from the industrial sites. Concentrations for Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Mn and Cu at industrial sites greatly exceeded the air quality standards of the World Health Organization and the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection. Principal component analysis indicated that the main sources of the trace metals were steel smelting, fuel combustion, geological and mineral dust. Four different clusters of particles (i.e., mineral, calcium-containing, soot and aluminosilicate) were identified by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Chromium (Cr) was found to present the highest excess cancer risk, implying the potential for carcinogenic health effects in local inhabitants. Manganese (Mn) presented a non-carcinogenic health risk to children and adults, while the other metals were within acceptable limits.

Transformations of 2-line ferrihydrite and its effect on cadmium adsorption

In this study, 2LFh was synthesized, and the effects of 2LFh synthesis in the laboratory as well as its synthetic products’ mineral crystal phase changes during high temperature aging process caused by Ca2+, Mg2+, and Cl− were also studied. In addition, the Cd2+ adsorption effects of the products above with different pH values and different Cd2+ concentrations were studied in this experiment. The results showed that the existence of Ca2+ had no significant effect on the synthesis and aging of 2LFh. However, in the presence of Mg2+ and Cl−, the akaganeite could be found in the synthetic material, and with the increase of the ion concentration, the crystallinity of the formed akaganeite was higher. And akaganeite had a significant inhibitory effect on the aging of 2LFh, causing the Cd2+adsorption effect of 2LFh after aging was better than that of pure 2LFh. The adsorption and removal rates of Cd2+ in Fh2 series and Fh2-200 series were increased with the increase of initial concentration. With the increase of pH, the adsorption capacity and removal rate were increased, and the removal rate reached nearly 100% when pH value is ranging from 10 to 11. The isothermal adsorption experiment showed that the isothermal adsorption process of Cd2+ in Fh2 series and Fh2-200 series was in accordance with the Freundlich model. The affinity coefficient (Kf) of the Freundlich model of Fh2-200 series arranged in descending order is Fh2-200-Mgs> Fh2-200-Cas> Fh2-200s, showing that the Cd2+ adsorption capacity of Fh2-200 was relatively weak, while that of Fh2-200-Ca series and Fh2-200-Mg series was relatively strong, which was confirmed by the experimental results.

Improving Education Quality of the Specialty of Nuclear Chemical and Fuel Engineering by Using Superiority of CDUT

Although the specialty of nuclear chemical and fuel some nuclear specialty is built in 2012, some nuclear specialties have a long history. The nuclear specialty in Chengdu University of Technology (CDUT) was built in 1956 in Beijing College of Geology (BCG). Afterwards, the nuclear specialty in BCG was migrated to CDUT. CDUT has had great achievement in student training for atomic industry of China. In this paper we present ideas about improving education quality of the specialty of nuclear chemical and fuel by using superiority of Chengdu University of Technology. The main ideas are as following: 1) sharing course resources; 2) sharing laboratories and instruments resources; 3) sharing information.Copyright

Evolution of isotopic composition and deuterium excess of brines in the Sichuan Basin, China

The isotopic composition and parameters for deuterium excess of brines, which were sampled in the Sichuan Basin, show obvious regularities of distribution. The brine isotopic composition shows distinct two systems of marine and terrestrial deposits, with the Middle Triassic strata as the boundary. Brine hydrogen isotopic composition of marine deposits is lower while oxygen isotopic composition is higher than that of the SMOW, respectively, indicating that the brines were derived from seawater with different evaporating degrees at different times. From the Sinian strata, up to the Cambrian, Permian Maokou Formation and the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation, the δD values of brines tend to become relatively positive with the strata becoming younger. Brines of terrestrial deposits are considered to have been derived from precipitation and their isotopic composition is close to the globe meteoric water line (GMWL). Brines of transitional deposits between marine and terrestrial ones (the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation) have δD and δ18O values falling between the two end members of marine deposit brines and precipitation, indicating that the brines are a mixture of precipitation and vaporing seawater. Water samples from the brine-bearing strata of different ages show various deuterium excesses (d) with an evident decreasing trend as the age of strata gets older and older. Brine-bearing strata of the Triassic Leikoupo-Jialingjiang Formation, the Permian Maokou Formation, the Cambrian and Sinian strata are all carbonate rocks which have experienced intensive water/rock reaction and the deuterium excess essentially changes with time. All brine-bearing-strata surrounding the basin or faults, as well as those brine wells exploited for resources, have been obviously influenced by the precipitation supply. Therefore, the deuterium excesses of their brines have increased to different extents, depending on the amount of involvement of meteoric water. The variation and distribution of d values of the brines from different Triassic strata are related to the embedded depth of the strata. The deuterium excesses of brines become lower with increasing burial depth of the strata.

A framework for uncertain spatial data mining and its application to environmental geochemistry quality assessment

A framework for uncertain spatial data mining was proposed. In which, the uncertainties of spatial data themselves and spatial data mining are emphatically dealt with, including uncertainty simulation by Monte Carlo method, spatial autocorrelation matrix based on uncertain spatial data, discretization based on neighborhood EM algorithms, and quality assessment of results. Meanwhile, the experiments of environmental geochemistry quality assessment with uncertain and spatial data mining have been performed using the environmental geochemistry data gotten from Dexing, Jiangxi province in China.