Shuhei Noguchi

FANTOM5 CAGE profiles of human and mouse reprocessed for GRCh38 and GRCm38 genome assemblies

The FANTOM5 consortium described the promoter-level expression atlas of human and mouse by using CAGE (Cap Analysis of Gene Expression) with single molecule sequencing. In the original publications, GRCh37/hg19 and NCBI37/mm9 assemblies were used as the reference genomes of human and mouse respectively; later, the Genome Reference Consortium released newer genome assemblies GRCh38/hg38 and GRCm38/mm10. To increase the utility of the atlas in forthcoming researches, we reprocessed the data to make them available on the recent genome assemblies. The data include observed frequencies of transcription starting sites (TSSs) based on the realignment of CAGE reads, and TSS peaks that are converted from those based on the previous reference. Annotations of the peak names were also updated based on the latest public databases. The reprocessed results enable us to examine frequencies of transcription initiations on the recent genome assemblies and to refer promoters with updated information across the genome assemblies consistently.

SCPortalen: human and mouse single-cell centric database

Abstract Published single-cell datasets are rich resources for investigators who want to address questions not originally asked by the creators of the datasets. The single-cell datasets might be obtained by different protocols and diverse analysis strategies. The main challenge in utilizing such single-cell data is how we can make the various large-scale datasets to be comparable and reusable in a different context. To challenge this issue, we developed the single-cell centric database ‘SCPortalen’ (http://single-cell.clst.riken.jp/). The current version of the database covers human and mouse single-cell transcriptomics datasets that are publicly available from the INSDC sites. The original metadata was manually curated and single-cell samples were annotated with standard ontology terms. Following that, common quality assessment procedures were conducted to check the quality of the raw sequence. Furthermore, primary data processing of the raw data followed by advanced analyses and interpretation have been performed from scratch using our pipeline. In addition to the transcriptomics data, SCPortalen provides access to single-cell image files whenever available. The target users of SCPortalen are all researchers interested in specific cell types or population heterogeneity. Through the web interface of SCPortalen users are easily able to search, explore and download the single-cell datasets of their interests.

The FANTOM5 Computation Ecosystem: Genomic Information Hub for Promoters and Active Enhancers

The Functional Annotation of the Mammalian Genome 5 (FANTOM5) project conducted transcriptome analysis of various mammalian cell types and provided a comprehensive resource to understand transcriptome and transcriptional regulation in individual cellular states encoded in the genome.FANTOM5 used cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) with single-molecule sequencing to map transcription start sites (TSS) and measured their expression in a diverse range of samples. The main results from FANTOM5 were published as a promoter-level mammalian expression atlas and an atlas of active enhancers across human cell types. The FANTOM5 dataset is composed of raw experimental data and the results of bioinformatics analyses. In this chapter, we give a detailed description of the content of the FANTOM5 dataset and elaborate on different computing applications developed to publish the data and enable reproducibility and discovery of new findings. We present use cases in which the FANTOM5 dataset has been reused, leading to new findings.