Silvia Piedade de Moraes

Direitos sexuais e reprodutivos na adolescência

OBJECTIVE: To present legal milestones to ensure the Brazilian adolescent autonomy indealing with their sexual and reproductive health. METHODS: Literature review of national legislation published on the official sites of governmental organs (Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education) and Class Associations (Federal Council of Medicine [Conselho Federal de Medicina - CFM] and the Federal Council of Nursing - COFEN). RESULTS: We found 8 legislations, of which 3 were from Class Associations (COFEN and CFM), one Interministerial Ordinance (Ministries of Health and Education), one Technical Note of the National STD/AIDS Program, and 3 Federal Laws. Many of the legal guarantees directly affect the adolescent population (guarantee of schooling during pregnancy and puerperal period or maternity leave, condom distribution, no discrimination in the school environment on the basis of serology). They are important tools for the preservation of sexual and reproductive rights, privacy of medical care, search for reliable health information, and access to inputs such as condoms and contraceptive methods. CONCLUSION: The analysis of the legislation listed in the present study demonstrated that these legal milestones are essential to ensure the safe and healthy experience of sexuality, and all health and education professionals involved in adolescent counseling should know them comprehensively.

Sexual and reproductive rights in adolescence

OBJECTIVE To present legal milestones to ensure the Brazilian adolescent autonomy indealing with their sexual and reproductive health. METHODS Literature review of national legislation published on the official sites of governmental organs (Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education) and Class Associations (Federal Council of Medicine [Conselho Federal de Medicina--CFM] and the Federal Council of Nursing--COFEN). RESULTS We found 8 legislations, of which 3 were from Class Associations (COFEN and CFM), one Interministerial Ordinance (Ministries of Health and Education), one Technical Note of the National STD/AIDS Program, and 3 Federal Laws. Many of the legal guarantees directly affect the adolescent population (guarantee of schooling during pregnancy and puerperal period or maternity leave, condom distribution, no discrimination in the school environment on the basis of serology). They are important tools for the preservation of sexual and reproductive rights, privacy of medical care, search for reliable health information, and access to inputs such as condoms and contraceptive methods. CONCLUSION The analysis of the legislation listed in the present study demonstrated that these legal milestones are essential to ensure the safe and healthy experience of sexuality, and all health and education professionals involved in adolescent counseling should know them comprehensively.

Direitos sexuais e reprodutivos na adolescência: interações ONU-Brasil

The scope of this article is to describe the international documents of the UN and laws passed in Brazil from 1950 onwards focusing on sexual and reproductive rights during adolescence. It involved a descriptive study by consulting the official website of the UN organ entitled the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and sites of the President of the Republic, Ministry of Health and Education and the Virtual Health Library. The documents were organized from 1950 to 2010 with an emphasis on sexual and reproductive rights and adolescence. Ten conferences were found within the scope of the UN: six conferences on Population and Development, two on Human Rights, one on the Rights of the Child and another on the Millennium Development Goals. Thirty-two documents were found in the field of national legislation (four decrees, thirteen federal laws, three technical norms, two ordinances, three resolutions, a technical note and six programs). The role of the UN and Brazil in consolidating the broad concept of sexual and reproductive rights has made significant progress, however greater achievements in the area of reproductive rights still prevail.The scope of this article is to describe the international documents of the UN and laws passed in Brazil from 1950 onwards focusing on sexual and reproductive rights during adolescence. It involved a descriptive study by consulting the official website of the UN organ entitled the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and sites of the President of the Republic, Ministry of Health and Education and the Virtual Health Library. The documents were organized from 1950 to 2010 with an emphasis on sexual and reproductive rights and adolescence. Ten conferences were found within the scope of the UN: six conferences on Population and Development, two on Human Rights, one on the Rights of the Child and another on the Millennium Development Goals. Thirty-two documents were found in the field of national legislation (four decrees, thirteen federal laws, three technical norms, two ordinances, three resolutions, a technical note and six programs). The role of the UN and Brazil in consolidating the broad concept of sexual and reproductive rights has made significant progress, however greater achievements in the area of reproductive rights still prevail.

A educação em sexualidade na escola itinerante do MST: percepções dos(as) educandos(as)

A educacao em sexualidade deve ser entendida como um processo de intervencao pedagogica que tem como objetivo transmitir informacoes e problematizar questoes relacionadas a sexualidade, a saude sexual e reprodutiva, aos direitos sexuais, as relacoes de genero, a diversidade sexual e ao desejo afetivo-sexual. Todavia, muitos paradigmas impedem a efetivacao dessa educacao no ambiente escolar. Entretanto, sendo a escola itinerante do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) um espaco educacional pautado nos pressupostos freireanos, existiriam os mesmos tabus, interditos sociais e preconceitos agindo sobre a efetivacao da educacao em sexualidade neste cenario? Com intuito de elucidarmos essa questao, elaboramos este estudo. Com metodo qualitativo descritivo, o estudo foi desenvolvido com dezoito educandos(as) de uma escola itinerante do MST no estado do Parana, objetivando apresentar suas percepcoes sobre a educacao em sexualidade na escola. Com base no material produzido durante a realizacao de grupos focais e anotacoes em diario de campo, sistematizados por analise categorial, e possivel concluir que a educacao em sexualidade na escola itinerante e promovida de forma medicalizada e biologizada, com enfase no binomio saude-doenca, e que nao ha transversalidade sobre o ensino da tematica entre as diversas disciplinas. Assim, mesmo utilizando aporte teorico metodologico freireano, a escola, ao tratar da educacao em sexualidade, neste estudo, revelou-se paradoxal.

Igualdade de gênero: por que o Brasil vive retrocessos?

1 Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, Brasil. 2 Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. 3 Setor Estadual de Educação e Gênero, Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, Curitiba, Brasil. 4 Grupo de Investigación de Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, CIBERESP, Alicante, España. 5 Coordenadoria de Programas Educacionais de Guarulhos, Guarulhos, Brasil. 6 Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Gender equality: why is Brazil moving backwards?

1 Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, Brasil. 2 Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. 3 Setor Estadual de Educação e Gênero, Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, Curitiba, Brasil. 4 Grupo de Investigación de Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, CIBERESP, Alicante, España. 5 Coordenadoria de Programas Educacionais de Guarulhos, Guarulhos, Brasil. 6 Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

La igualdad de género: ¿por qué Brasil está experimentando retrocesos?

1 Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, Brasil. 2 Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. 3 Setor Estadual de Educação e Gênero, Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, Curitiba, Brasil. 4 Grupo de Investigación de Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, CIBERESP, Alicante, España. 5 Coordenadoria de Programas Educacionais de Guarulhos, Guarulhos, Brasil. 6 Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.