José Roberto da Silva Brêtas

Orientação sexual na escola: a concepção dos professores de Jandira - SP

School has an important role in sexual orientation during adolescence. This study aimed at identifying the knowledge and performance of fundamental and high schools teachers regarding sexuality. Data of this exploratory and descriptive study were obtained though a questionnaire, which was applied to a hundred teachers from the public network school system of the county of Jandira, SP. Results demonstrated that, despite subject relevance for the teachers, they do not have the use of enough knowledge to promote sexual orientation to adolescents, addressing biological issues of sexuality instead of the involving feelings and values. It was concluded that training and education programs about sexuality in adolescence are necessary to this population.A escola exerce um importante papel na orientacao sexual durante a adolescencia. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o conhecimento e a atuacao em sexualidade dos professores de ensino fundamental e medio. Trata-se de um estudo exploratorio-descritivo, cujos dados foram obtidos por meio de um questionario, respondido por 100 professores da rede de ensino publico do municipio de Jandira, SP. Os resultados demonstraram que, apesar de considerarem a importância do tema, a maioria dos professores nao dispoe de conhecimentos suficientes para promoverem orientacao sexual aos adolescentes, atendo-se muito mais no aspecto biologico da sexualidade do que nos sentimentos e valores que a envolvem. Conclui-se que programas de treinamento e capacitacao sobre sexualidade na adolescencia sao necessarios a esta populacao.

Aspectos da sexualidade na adolescência

The study involved 920 adolescents between 12 and 19 years of age in junior and senior high schools of the region of Santo Eduardo of the city of Embu, Sao Paulo. The objective was to identify aspects of sexuality of adolescents of both sexes. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, the results of which established the difference between boys and girls with respect to their quest for specific information about sexuality; 39% of boys and 17% of girls practiced sexual intercourse, and among these, 77% of boys and 84% of girls used preservativos.

A morte e o morrer segundo representações de estudantes de enfermagem

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cujo objetivo foi conhecer as representacoes das estudantes do curso de graduacao em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, sobre as questoes que envolvem a morte e o morrer. Os sujeitos foram 40 estudantes do sexo masculino e feminino que frequentavam a 2.a, 3.a e 4.a series do curso de graduacao em Enfermagem. Como metodologia, foram utilizadas as premissas das Representacoes Sociais, usando a tecnica de entrevista com duas questoes norteadoras nao estruturadas. Os resultados deste estudo foram organizados e dispostos em uma arvore maxima, tendo como nucleo central da representacao o evento morte e como representacoes perifericas mais importantes: conceitos, medo da morte e relacionamento aluno-paciente.This is a qualitative study whose objective was to know the representations of the Federal University of São Paulos undergraduate Nursing students on the questions that involve death and dying. The subjects were 40 students, males and females, in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th year of the undergraduate course in Nursing. As a methodology were used the assumptions of the Social Representations, using the technique of an interview with two non-structured guiding questions. The results of this study were organized and placed on a maximum tree having as the representations central nucleus the event death and as the most important peripheral representations concepts, fear of death and relationship pupil-patient.

Orientação sexual para adolescentes: relato de experiência

The authors tried to present theoretical and practical framework of the project “Corporeal and Health”, developed as an extension activity at the Federal University of Sao Paulo city, Brazil. The project is developed within the Health Promotion area and emphasizes the questions related to the body and sexuality, mental health, and violence, in order to catalyze discussions and critical thinking on this universe. The main purpose of this project is to articulate nursing teaching, caring and researching actions and its activities are directed to teenagers and young adults from fundamental and high school. All activities are based upon the orientations of the Adolescent Health Program (PROSAD) from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the Brazilian Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA) and the Declaration of Sexual Rights, from the World Association for Sexology, along with principles from Social Psychology and Psycho Analysis. It is a liberating practice in which sexuality, when is well understood and properly canalized, can be translated into love, creativity, a force that lead to progress and self development.

Orientação sobre sexualidade para estudantes de enfermagem

OBJETIVO: Identificar la percepcion de estudiantes del Pregrado en Enfermeria sobre actividades dirigidas a la orientacion sexual; establecer la forma de desarrollo de estas actividades junto a los estudiantes. METODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo en el cual se utilizo el analisis de contenido, realizado junto a una poblacion conformada por 193 estudiantes del pregrado en Enfermeria de la Universidad Federal de Sao Paulo. RESULTADOS: el 93% de los entrevistados concordaron con actividades dirigidas a la orientacion sexual, y el 80% justificaron la necesidad por medio de las categorias: contribucion a la formacion profesional (9%), estereotipos (1%), necesidad de informacion (26%), prevencion (4%), cuidar de si para cuidar del otro (13%), autoconocimiento (8%) y dificultades con el asunto (19%). CONCLUSION: Existe interes de los estudiantes de enfermeria por actividades orientadas a la discusion de la sexualidad humana en el espacio academico.

Os rituais de passagem segundo adolescentes

OBJETIVO: Identificar las impresiones de adolescentes respecto a lo que podria representar un ritual de pasaje. METODOS: Estudio descriptivo realizado con 751 adolescentes de ambos sexos, entre 12 y 20 anos, que frecuentaban tres escuelas publicas de ensenanza primaria y secundaria de la region de San Eduardo del municipio de Embu, Sao Paulo. RESULTADOS: Despues del analisis de contenido develamos las categorias: cambios fisicos; cambios psicologicos (subcategorias: responsabilidad, experiencias, conflictos); cambios sociales (subcategorias: identidad social, cuerpo social, interrelaciones); comportamiento sexual (subcategorias: interes sexual, intercurso sexual); hechos traumaticos (subcategorias: sentimiento de perdida, duelo por la infancia perdida); independencia. CONCLUSION: Los rituales de pasaje se relacionan directamente con el cambio corporal, producto del adolecer, siendo ocurrencias que dejan huellas y que son significativas en la vida del individuo.

Conhecimentos de adolescentes sobre Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis: subsídios para prevenção

Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento de adolescentes sobre as formas de transmissao e prevencao das Doencas Sexualmente Transmissiveis. Metodos: envolveu 920 adolescentes entre 10 e 19 anos de idade eos dados foram obtidos por meio de um questionario estruturado. Resultado: os resultados demonstraram que a principal fonte para obtencao de informacoes sobre o assunto foi o professor; as Doencas Sexualmente Transmissiveis nao sao totalmente desconhecidas para os adolescentes do estudo, sendo a AIDS a mais conhecida. Descritores: Adolescente; Doencas sexualmente transmissiveis; Saude do adolescente; Sexualidade; Vulnerabilidade em saude.

Projeto de extensão universitária: um espaço para formação profissional e promoção da saúde

This article covers the theoretical and practical aspects involved in a Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp) extension project called Corporality and Health Promotion, the main purpose of which is to articulate actions in the fields of teaching, assistance, and research. This project is aimed at providing undergraduate and graduate students learning and experience opportunities in the field of health education with adolescents; providing the elaboration of teaching technologies that will be used to guide adolescents in the theme; undertake educational activities among students, teenagers and young people who attend social projects and public schools; develop research projects among the services that will revert to new teaching, intervention, and know-ledge generation practices. The project is carried out in the health promotion field, by means of actions that emphasize issues related to the body and to sexuality and aimed at teenagers and young people who attend elementary and high schools in Embu, State of Sao Paulo.

Estudo comparativo entre séries de graduação em enfermagem: representações dos cuidados ao corpo do cliente

Objectives: To know the perceptions of undergraduate nursing students regarding the way they view the body of the client and to categorize the themes that emerged from the students’ perceptions. Methods: The data were obtained through unstructured interviews of 20 undergraduate nursing students who were in difference placement in the undergraduate curriculum at the Federal University of Sao Paulo. Content analysis technique was used to identify and categorize the themes. Results: The following themes have emerged: Adaptation to the care of the client body, body as an object, invasion of the client privacy, student-client interaction, corporal expression, sick body and loss of the autonomy, knowing one’s own body prior to care for the body of someone else, depersonalized body, stigmatization, influences of values, body and gender; and representation. Final Considerations: The topic “body” consists of a universe of objective and subjective elements that might be considered when teaching undergraduate nursing students how to take care of the body of the client.

Oficina de autoexame de mamas: uma estratégia para o autoconhecimento de adolescentes

OBJECTIVES: To verify the repercussions of knowledge transmitted through a breast self-examination workshop, and identify the multiplication of information by adolescent participants. METHODS: This was a quantitative survey-type study, conducted with 474 adolescents from three elementary and middle schools in the municipality of Embu das Artes, in 2006 and 2007. RESULTS: Data from structured and semistructured questions, answered by the participants, showed the frequencies of responses above 50% about the “repercussions of the content of the workshop” and below 50% [...]Objectives: To verify the repercussions of knowledge transmitted through a breast self-examination workshop, and identify the multiplication of information by adolescent participants. Methods: This was a quantitative survey-type study, conducted with 474 adolescents from three elementary and middle schools in the municipality of Embu das Artes, in 2006 and 2007. Results: Data from structured and semistructured questions, answered by the participants, showed the frequencies of responses above 50% about the “repercussions of the content of the workshop” and below 50% on the “multiplied actions”. Conclusion: The workshop helps to elaborate the concept of the adolescents themselves about their bodies, informs about breast cancer and the benefits of adopting healthy attitudes and practices in their daily lives, using the technique of breast self-examination as an pedagogical instrument.