Suwidjiyo Pramono

Antidiabetic and antihiperlipidemic effect of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees and andrographolide in high-fructose-fat-fed rats.

Objectives: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees originates from India and grows widely in many areas in Southeast Asian countries. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees has shown an antidiabetic effect in type 1 DM rats. The present study investigates the purified extract of the plant and its active compound andrographolide for antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects in high-fructose-fat-fed rats, a model of type 2 DM rats. Materials and Methods: Hyperglycemia in rats was induced by high-fructose-fat diet containing 36% fructose, 15% lard, and 5% egg yolks in 0.36 g/200 gb.wt. 55 days. The rats were treated with the extract or test compound on the 50th day. Antidiabetic activity was measured by estimating mainly the pre– and postprandial blood glucose levels and other parameters such as cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, and body weight. Results: The purified extract and andrographolide significantly (P<0.05) decreased the levels of blood glucose, triglyceride, and LDL compared to controls. However, no changes were observed in serum cholesterol and rat body weight. Metformin also showed similar effects on these parameters. Conclusions: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees or its active compound andrographolide showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in high-fat-fructose-fed rat.

Protection by Ethanolic Extract from Ulva lactuca L. against Acute Myocardial Infarction: Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Activities

Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in myocardial damage during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to determine the antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities of an ethanolic extract from Ulva lactuca L. (EEUL) against AMI. Methods Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: one control group and five treatment groups. Treatment group II was given 85 mg/kg body weight (BW) of isoproterenol (ISO). Group III, IV and V were given ISO and EEUL at 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg BW, respectively. Group VI were given 10 mg/kg BW of ISO and melatonin. EEUL and melatonin were orally administered for 28 days. ISO was injected subcutaneously on day 29 and 30 to chemically induce AMI. On day 31, blood was collected for antioxidant assay and heart tissues were collected for histological examination. Results The activity of catalase (CAT), an endogenous antioxidant, in the EEUL-treatment groups was significantly increased compared to the ISO-treatment group (P < 0.001). The EEUL-treatment groups showed significantly decreased expression of caspase-3 (P < 0.001) and better myocardial tissue morphology. Conclusion EEUL possibly protects against AMI because of its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties.

UJI TOKSISITAS SUBKRONIS EKSTRAK CURCUMA BEBAS MINYAK ATSIRI (ECBA) DITINJAU DARI PARAMETER PROFIL LEUKOSIT PADA TIKUS PUTIH GALUR WISTAR

The effect of Volatil Oil of Curcuma Extraxt or Curcumin extract with centration of essential oil in reducing the levels of cholesterol in the blood has been ECBA as antihyperlipidemic agent is given for a long - term therapeutic purpose. This experiment was performed to investigate the subchronic toxicity of ECBA on leukocytes profile of Wistar rats. ECBA was investigated at dose 15 mg, 120 mg, and 960 mg/200 g body weight for 90 days in 40 male Wistar rats. CMC-Na was used for control. The blood was examined for the leukocytes profile on day 0, 45, and 90. The rats were still maintained under experimental conditions without giving ECBA until day 105 for the reversibility test. The result showed that the administration of ECBA for 90 days did not affect leukocytes profile of Wistar rats.

VALIDASI METODE ANALISA PENETAPAN KADAR EPIGALOKATEKIN GALAT DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was one of analytical methods commonly used to determine the concentration of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on green tea extract. The method must be validated in order to fit to its purpose. The aim of this research was to prove that the used method has selectifity, liniearity, precise, accurate and know limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) is acceptable. The selectivity of analytical method was determined by calculating the resolution value between two peak. Data from 10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL with 5 replicates would give precition and accuration. Precition was known from CV value and accuration was known from recovery value in each concentration. Liniearity was known from regression linear between concentration and wide area of peak. From regresion linear could calculate LOD and LOQ. Research show that method of analyse have selectificity with Rs= 2.27>1.5; liniearity with r= 0.99; precision with CV 8.74% at concentration 200 µg/mL and 3.74% at concentration 500 µg/mL; accuration with recovery 99.76% at concentration 200 µg/mL and 100.52% at concentration 500 µg/mL and the value of LOD is 33.28 μg/mL and LOQ is 110.93 μg/mL.