T. N. Yudanova

Production and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Spinning Solutions Containing Protease C and Polyhexamethylene Guanidine

Comparative studies of the production conditions and properties of polyvinyl alcohol spinning solutions containing the proteolytic enzyme protease C, the polycationic antimicrobial polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride or polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate, and in some cases sodium alginate, were conducted. It was found that addition of protease C, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate, and alginate to a polyvinyl alcohol water-alcohol solution, used for production of film materials for medical applications, have a plasticizing effect.

Effect of Biologically Active Polymer Compounds on the Supramolecular Structure of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

The supramolecular structure of polyvinyl alcohol films containing the proteolytic enzyme protease C, polyhexamethyleneguanidine salt as antimicrobial, and sodium alginate and/or tetraborate was investigated by electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The plasticizing effect of the biologically substances and determining effect of the conformation of polyhexamethyleneguanidine salt on the supramolecular structure of polyvinyl alcohol films was demonstrated.

Pharmacokinetic Properties of Fibre Materials Modified by Co-Immobilization of Different Biologically Active Substances

The possibility of manufacturing dressings with a combined biological action by modifying fibre materials of different types with combined immobilization of an enzyme — protease C — and a polymeric antimicrobial — polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride or polyethyleneimine with glutaraldehyde — was demonstrated. It was shown that with respect to the maximum stability of the enzyme, the fibre materials used for immobilization of protease C together with PEI or PHMG are in the order: PCA > CG > CG—PE. It was found that fibre materials containing immobilized protease C and polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride or polyethyleneimine exhibit a higher level of activity than the native enzyme at pH 6-9 corresponding to the conditions of use.

Polyfunctional Biologically Active Polyvinyl Alcohol Film Materials

Incorporation of sodium alginate in the spinning solution in the amount of 2% decreases the rate of inactivation of protease C immobilized in the structure of a polyvinyl alcohol film material by two times and decreases the amount of desorbed polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride by ten times, giving the film self-disinfecting properties. Addition of sodium tetraborate in the spinning solution increases the PHMG desorption rate by 1.5-4.5 times. When PHMG with a molecular weight of 10,000 is used, total desorption of the antimicrobial from the film materials can be obtained. When modifying additives are used (sodium alginate and tetraborate), the optimum pH of the action of the protease immobilized in the structure of the film is shifted to the region of lower values (pH 8), which increases the efficiency of the action of the enzyme-containing film material in the conditions of use.

Fabrication of Biologically Active Fibre Materials with Predetermined Properties

A method was developed for fabrication of fibre materials having a proteolytic and antimicrobial action with controlled drug release. A correlation was established between the composition of the polymer composite and the type of polymer matrix and the properties of the materials (activity, stability, kinetics of drug release).

Fabrication of textile materials with a combined biological effect

Formation of a protease C—polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride polyelectrolyte complex was demonstrated by nephelometry and an analysis of the activity, stability, and physicochemical properties of immobilized protease C. The effect of the composition of the polymer composite used for modification of fibre polymer supports on the properties of the materials obtained was investigated. It was shown that cellulose and polyester fibre materials fabricated by the method developed and containing immobilized protease C and the high-molecular-weight antimicrobial polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride have prolonged enzyme and antimicrobial activity.

Fabrication of modified fibre materials containing biologically active substances

The effect of the composition of a polymer composite used for treating unmodified textile material and the structure of the fibre matrix on the properties of the material obtained, which contains the proteolytic enzyme protease C and low-molecular-weight antimicrobial substances, was investigated. The factors that affect the biological activity and stability of biologically active fibre materials and the kinetics of separation of biologically active substance from them were established. The composition of the polymer composites which makes it possible to obtain fibre materials with long-lasting complex biological activity resistant to sterilization with γ-irradiation was determined.

Production of antimicrobial nanofibers by electroforming

The possibility of electroforming nanofibers from a solution of polyvinyl alcohol containing an additive of a second polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the antimicrobial compound chlorhexidine digluconate was studied. The rheological and electrophysical properties of the solutions and their effect on the electroforming parameters were examined. The microbiological properties of the prepared nanofibers were characterized.

Supermolecular Structure and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Containing a Complex of Biologically Active Substances

The properties of polyvinyl alcohol films containing biologically active polymer additives and modifying reagents are a function of the supermolecular structure, determined by the composition of the spinning compositions. The variable character of the water vapor permeability of the films caused by the stresses that arise in the structure of the biologically active polyvinyl alcohol film in structural transitions that lead to variable water vapor permeability conditions, was established.

Fabrication and Properties of Fibre Materials Containing Biologically Active Protease—Polyethylenimine Complex

Cellulose and polyester fibre materials with a long-lasting biological action are obtained as a result of combined immobilization of a proteolytic enzyme, Tr, Pr, Ter, or Col, and a polymeric antimicrobial of the cationic type — polyethylenimine. A change in the pH profile of the action of the enzymes immobilized in the fibre materials together with polyethylenimine was found. The possibility of sterilizing the materials by irradiation is demonstrated.