Tadeusz Kugler

Demography and International Relations: Economics, Politics, Sociology, and Conflict

This chapter argues that looking at politics and particularly IR through a demographic prism allows for the analysis of the fundamental structures of society. Kugler links demographic structures and changes to key dynamics in IR in ways unaccounted for in standard International Political Economy and economic models. In particular, he reveals links to national economic growth and instability; the rise and fall of regions; and civil war. Demographic dynamics are also directly connected to unrest that generates democratic movements or conflicts as observable throughout the Middle East and much of sub-Saharan Africa.

International Political Economy and Political Demography: An Interdisciplinary Exploration

The authors of this chapter seek to further our knowledge of economic growth, change and conflict. They build a general model that offers a new perspective on politics. It shows that economic development is a complex socioeconomic process involving multiple factors within a dynamic, nonlinear relationship. Their model synthesizes diverse ideas from politics, economics and demography and helps us understand problems such as income inequality and major conflict.

All Foreign Direct Investment Is Local: Indian Provincial Politics and the Attraction of FDI

This study focuses on the differences between Indian states in terms of banking infrastructure, size of the economic market and most importantly provincial-level political capacity that creates the pull of foreign direct investment (FDI). While the majority of the extant empirical literature examines national-level data, few studies analyze international capital formation at the provincial level and the dynamics of sub-national political capacity—that is, where allocations are made and policies are implemented. This study corrects for this deficiency. Using data at the provincial level in India over the period 2000–2005, we find an inverted-U-shaped relationship between provincial capacity and FDI, suggesting the presence of a critical point at which additional extractive capabilities have negative implications for foreign capital accumulation. The results suggest a number of important policy implications, allowing researchers to identify specific regions in which capacity is likely to facilitate investment, while also providing a political–economic model to better-forecast changes in investment at the sub-national level in India. JEL: R50, R12, P16, O16, N45, H70, H81, H11