Tahsin Gulzar

Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Gamma Ray Induced Cotton Using Natural Quercetin Extracted from Acacia Bark (A. nilotica)

For the present study Quercetin has been extracted and applied onto the gamma irradiated cotton. Fabrics and powder have been exposed to different absorbed doses and dyeing has been performed at various parameters. It is observed that 20 kGy is the optimum absorbed dose for surface modification of cotton. It has been also found that good colour strength has been obtained at 60°C by dyeing optimal fabric for 40 min using dye bath of pH6 keeping liquor concentration of 1:30 and electrolyte concentration of 1 g. 7% of tannic acid as pre-mordant and 5% of Copper sulphate as post mordant was optimum conditions to get good fastness properties according to ISO standard methods. Quercetin from acacia bark under ionizing radiation can safely be used as possible substitute to reddish-brown synthetic dyes.

Phytochemical studies on the seed extract of Piper nigrum Linn.

The petroleum ether extract of dried ground seeds of Piper nigrum Linn. and some column fractions of this extract were subjected to GC and GC-MS analysis, resulting in the identification of fourteen compounds (1–14) by using NIST Mass spectral search program 1998 and the Kovats retention indices. Ten of the compounds (1, 2, 4–12) are reported for the first time from this plant. All the fractions showed insecticidal activity against the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and against the fourth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi Liston, determined by the WHO method.

An amide from fruits of Piper nigrum

Abstract A new amide, N -isobutyl amide of octadeca- trans -2- cis -4-dienoic acid has been isolated from the dried and crushed fruits of Piper nigrum , along with the known alkaloid, piperine. Complete assignments of the protons and carbons of the new amide and piperine have been made based on 2D NMR studies.

Acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibitory sesquiterpene lactones from Amberboa ramosa

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive memory loss that leads to a profound emotional disturbance in later stages. As no safe and effective drug is yet available for the treatment of AD, secondary metabolites from plants may be instrumental in meeting this challenge. Keeping in view this point we evaluated sesquiterpenes of medicinal plant Amberboa ramosa for their cholinesterase inhibitory activity.ResultsFour sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Amberboa ramosa. In which one compound Amberbin C (1) was found to be new while other three Amberin (2), Amberbin A (3), and Amberbin B (4) were previously reported ones. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic techniques. Isolated compounds were tested for their inhibitory potential against acetyl cholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase enzymes. All compounds showed excellent inhibitory activities against acetyl cholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase.ConclusionsA new sesquiterpene lactone has been isolated and fully characterized, the sesquiterpene lactones from Amberboa ramosa showed good inhibitory activities against acetyl cholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase enzymes, this study indicated that sesquiterpene lactone can become interesting lead molecules in drug development against Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Insecticidal amides from fruits of Piper Nigrum Linn.

The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of dried ground seeds of Piper nigrum Linn. afforded sixteen compounds (1–16) including one new insecticidal amide, pipwaqarine (1) and six constituents (3,4,6,7,11,15) previously unreported from this plant. The structure of (1) has been elucidated through extensive 1D-, 2D-NMR spectral studies as, 1-[13-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2E,4E,12E-tridecatrienoyl]-N-isopentylamide, while those of known constituents through comparison of spectral data. 1 exhibited toxicity of 30 ppm against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti Liston determined by WHO method. A portion of petroleum ether fraction was also subjected to GC and GC-MS analysis resulting in the identification of three compounds (17–19) using the NIST Mass spectral search program 1998 and Kovats retention indices. Two of these compounds, 17 and 18, are reported for the first time from this plant.

GC-based analysis of insecticidal constituents of the flowers of Azadirachta indica A. Juss.

The present article describes the analysis of an n-hexane soluble fraction of fresh flowers of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem), possessing larvicidal activity against Anopheles stephensi Liston, a vector of malarial parasite. Forty-one compounds were identified in non-polar to less-polar fraction as well as in essential oil. These identifications were basically made through GC-EIMS. Thus 5 sesquiterpenes, 3 aromatics, 17 fatty acids, 5 fatty acid esters, three steroids and 8 hydrocarbons were identified. The compounds 1–5, 10, 14–17, 21a and 36–38 were reported previously from different parts of the tree including flowers. The rest of the compounds are reported for the first time from flowers.

New anthraquinones from the stem of Morinda citrifolia Linn.

Studies on the chemical constituents of the stem of Morinda citrifolia, Linn. have led to the isolation of two new compounds, morindicinone (=2-hydroxy-1,8-dimethoxy-7-methoxymethylanthraquinone, 1) and morindicininone (=4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dimethoxyanthraquinone, 2), as well as two known constituents, 2-hydroxyanthraquinone (3) and 2-methoxyanthraquinone (4). Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis including 2D-NMR techniques.

Analysis of Insecticidal Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Fractions

As a result of chemical investigation on the ethanolic extract of fresh fruit coatings of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem), twenty-seven compounds were identified in non-polar to less polar fractions which showed pesticidal activity determined by WHO method against Anopheles stephensi Liston. These identifications were basically made through GC-EIMS and were further supported by other spectroscopic techniques, including 13C NMR, UV and FTIR as well as retention indices. Thus sixteen n-alkanes, 1-16; three aromatics 2,6-bis-(1,1- dimethylethyl)-4-methyl phenol (17), 2-(phenylmethylene)-octanal (20), 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5- (1Z-propenyl)-benzene (27); three benzopyranoids 3,4-dihydro-4,4,5,8-tetramethylcoumarin (18), 3,4-dihydro-4,4,7,8-tetramethylcoumarin-6-ol (19), 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl- cyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran (22); one sesquiterpene methyl-3,7,11-trimethyl-2E,- 6E,10-dodecatrienoate (21); three esters of fatty acids methyl 14-methyl-pentadecanoate (23), ethyl hexadecanoate (24), ethyl 9Z-octadecenoate (25) and one monoterpene 3,7-dimethyl- 1-octen-7-ol (26) were identified. Except 6, 8, 24 and 25 all these compounds were identified for the first time from the pericarp and fifteen of these, 1-3, 7, 9, 10, 17-23, 26, 27, are hitherto unreported previously from any part of the tree. Although this tree is a rich source of various natural products, it is the first report of identification of mono- and sesquiterpenes 26 and 21 and a potent antioxidant, 17.

Studies on the constituents of the green alga Ulva lactuca

Phytochemical investigations on a marine green alga Ulva lactuca led to the isolation of two new compounds (E)-6-heptacosen-5-one (1) and (E)-6-octadecen-5-ol (2), along with four known compounds, (Z)-10-hexacosene (3), docosanoic acid (4), palmitic acid (5), and isofucosterol (6). Compounds 3 and 4 were isolated for the first time from this species. The structures of the compounds were deduced with the help of modern spectroscopic techniques.

Piptigrine, a new Insecticidal Amide from Piper Nigrum Linn.

A new insecticidal amide piptigrine (1) possessing highly extended conjugation was isolated from the dried ground seeds of Piper nigrum Linn. along with the known amides piperine and wisanine (hitherto unreported from this plant). The structure of 1 has been elucidated as 1-[9-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-4E,6E,8E-nonatrienoyl]piperidine through extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR (COSY-45, NOESY, J-resolved, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY studies. The known compounds have been identified through comparison of their spectral data with those reported in literature. 1 exhibited toxicity of 15.0 ppm against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti Liston.