Thorsten Halling
University of Düsseldorf
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Featured researches published by Thorsten Halling.
World Journal of Urology | 2017
Nils Hansson; M. Krischel; Thorsten Halling; Friedrich Moll; Heiner Fangerau
PurposeRecent historical research has reconstructed the roads leading to the Nobel Prize for the trained urologists Werner Forssmann (1904–1979) in 1956 and Charles Huggins (1901–1997) in 1966. However, the story of urology and the Nobel Prize does not start and end with the laureates. Taking James Israel (1848–1926), Félix Guyon (1831–1920), and Peter J Freyer (1852–1921) as examples, this paper shows that pioneers in urology were in fact runners-up for the award much earlier.MethodsThe study is based on an analysis of original files in the Nobel Prize archive in Stockholm, scientific publications of the early twentieth century, and secondary literature.Result and conclusionWe argue that Israel’s, Guyon’s, and Freyer’s candidacies reflect not only scientific trends and controversies in urology at the turn of twentieth century, but that the development of the specialty itself was reflected in nominations of physicians working on problems of the genito-urinary system.
Urologe A | 2013
Friedrich Moll; Thorsten Halling; Heiner Fangerau
Scientific meetings are a major part of policy in science and within the scientific community and furthermore they have a major influence on medical and lay communities. Prominent examples for this are the presidential networks and the opening speeches in which the function of science within the society is presented in a special manner. The last joint meeting of the German Society for Urology (DGU) in East and West Germany was instrumentalized by the rivalry of the two systems during the Cold War but was also a brilliant presentation of the newly established German Urology after World War II and its scientific force.ZusammenfassungWissenschaftliche Kongresse gehören zu den wichtigsten Bestandteilen der Wissenschaftspolitik eines Faches innerhalb seiner Berufsgruppe und strahlen darüber hinaus in die breite Fach- und Laienöffentlichkeit. Ein markantes Beispiel sind hierbei die Netzwerke der Präsidenten sowie deren Eröffnungsreden, in denen die jeweilige gesellschaftliche Funktion von Wissenschaft zum Ausdruck kommt. Der letzte gesamtdeutsche Urologenkongress 1959 wurde im Sinne der politischen Systemkonkurrenz zwischen Ost und West instrumentalisiert und präsentierte gleichzeitig die neue Strahlkraft der gesamtdeutschen Urologie nach der durch die NS-Zeit und Zweiten Weltkrieg bedingten wissenschaftlichen Isolation.AbstractScientific meetings are a major part of policy in science and within the scientific community and furthermore they have a major influence on medical and lay communities. Prominent examples for this are the presidential networks and the opening speeches in which the function of science within the society is presented in a special manner. The last joint meeting of the German Society for Urology (DGU) in East and West Germany was instrumentalized by the rivalry of the two systems during the Cold War but was also a brilliant presentation of the newly established German Urology after World War II and its scientific force.
Acta Oto-laryngologica | 2016
Nils Hansson; Thorsten Halling; Heiner Fangerau
Abstract Objectives: This study is part of a larger project investigating the enactment of excellence in medicine, with a focus on the Nobel Prize. It takes a closer look at two promising candidates for the Prize in the 1920s and 1930s, Gustav Killian and Themistocles Gluck, and aims at reconstructing their Nobel careers as well as taking Gunnar Holmgren’s role as a nominator and evaluator behind the curtains into account. Method: Besides the files collected at the Nobel Archive, the paper is based on a review of scientific publications and ergo-biographical sketches. Results: An analysis of Nobel Prize nominations and evaluations offer a unique perspective to study aspects of the history of otolaryngology. Conclusion: Using original files in the archive of the Nobel committee for physiology or medicine in Sweden, this historical vignette explores judgments of scientific innovation and performance in the history of otolaryngology during the first half of the 20th century. This study shows that Gunnar Holmgren, the founder of Acta Oto-Laryngologica in 1918, repeatedly put forward scholars within the field as prime contenders for the award.
Urologe A | 2015
Nils Hansson; L.-M. Packy; Thorsten Halling; D. Groß; Heiner Fangerau
The surgeon and urologist Werner Forßmann (1904-1979) was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1956. At the time of the prize ceremony, several newspapers portrayed Forssmann as an unknown rural physician who suddenly had become an international star. Drawing on nominations and reports in the Nobel Prize Archive for Physiology or Medicine in Stockholm as well as correspondence from the private archive of the Forßmann family, this paper reconstructs why the Nobel Committee chose to award Forßmann. We show that Forssmanns work was appreciated in medical textbooks and that he enjoyed a relatively sound reputation in the international scientific community even before he became a Nobel Prize laureate. At a more general level, we use his example to explore some mechanisms of scientific recognition.ZusammenfassungDer Chirurg und Urologe Werner Forßmann (1904–1979) erhielt im Jahr 1956 den Nobelpreis für Physiologie oder Medizin. Im Zusammenhang mit der Preisverleihung wurde Forßmann von etlichen Tageszeitungen als ein unbekannter Landarzt porträtiert, der den Berichten zufolge über Nacht ein internationaler Star geworden sei. In diesem Beitrag wird die Vergabe des renommierten Wissenschaftspreises an Forßmann auf der Grundlage der Nobelpreisnominierungen und Gutachten vom Archiv des Nobelkomitees für Physiologie oder Medizin in Schweden und von Korrespondenz im Privatarchiv der Familie Forßmann rekonstruiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass Forßmann bereits vor dem Nobelpreis eine relativ breite internationale Unterstützung genoss und dass seine Arbeit in einschlägigen Lehrbüchern zitiert wurde. Anhand dieses Fallbeispiels werden einige Mechanismen der wissenschaftlichen Reputation veranschaulicht.AbstractThe surgeon and urologist Werner Forßmann (1904–1979) was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1956. At the time of the prize ceremony, several newspapers portrayed Forssmann as an unknown rural physician who suddenly had become an international star. Drawing on nominations and reports in the Nobel Prize Archive for Physiology or Medicine in Stockholm as well as correspondence from the private archive of the Forßmann family, this paper reconstructs why the Nobel Committee chose to award Forßmann. We show that Forssmann’s work was appreciated in medical textbooks and that he enjoyed a relatively sound reputation in the international scientific community even before he became a Nobel Prize laureate. At a more general level, we use his example to explore some mechanisms of scientific recognition.
Archive | 2015
Thorsten Halling; Friedrich Moll; Dirk Schultheiss; Peter Rathert
Als im Jahr 1948 in Dusseldorf die erste nationale Tagung deutscher Urologen nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs abgehalten wurde, war das weitere Schicksal der 190631 in Stuttgart gegrundeten Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Urologie (DGfU) ungewiss. Die traditionellen Zentren der deutschsprachigen Urologie, Berlin und Wien, hatten bereits wahrend der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus aus politischen Grunden fur die Fachgesellschaft nicht mehr als Kongressort zur Verfugung gestanden.
Urologe A | 2018
M. Krischel; Friedrich Moll; Nils Hansson; Thorsten Halling; Heiner Fangerau
ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir das Leben und Werk des Berliner Arztes Carl Posner (1854–1928). Wir stellen seine herausragende Rolle als Mitglied der Gründergeneration der Urologie, Andrologie und Sexualwissenschaft in Deutschland heraus. Seine Arbeit in Klinik, Forschung und der wissenschaftlichen Presse seiner Zeit zeigen die zentralen Rollen, welche die von ihm behandelten Gebiete einnahmen. Schließlich fragen wir nach Posners Platz in der Erinnerungskultur der Urologie und Sexualwissenschaft.AbstractIn this contribution we describe the life and work of the Berlin physician Carl Posner (1854–1928). We present his central role as a member of the founding generation of urology, andrology, and academic sexology in Germany. His clinical work, research and publication illustrate the central role these new disciplines played in the urological field. Finally, we describe how Posner is remembered in the history of urology and sexology.
Archive | 2015
Thorsten Halling; Friedrich Moll; Heiner Fangerau
Folgt man den kurzen Skizzen des Dusseldorfer Medizinhistorikers Wilhelm Haberling (1871– 1940) (Laux 2007) aus den 1920er Jahren, so kommt rheinischen Arzten und Naturforschern ein nicht unerheblicher Anteil an der Entwicklung der medizinischen Wissenschaft zu (Haberling 1926). 1926, in einer Ausstellung mit dem klingenden Titel »Zweitausend Jahre Gesundheitspflege am Rhein« im Rahmen der grosen Gesundheitsausstellung GeSoLei in Dusseldorf, wurde diesen rheinischen Heilkundigen ein »Ehrensaal« gewidmet (Haberling 1927).
Archive | 2015
Friedrich Moll; Thorsten Halling
An den deutschen Universitaten war die Urologie noch lange Zeit nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs weder in Lehre noch in Forschung etabliert und wurde nur als sog. Uro-Chirurgie unter Aufsicht eines erfahrenen Assistenten im Rahmen der Chirurgie teils auf separierten uro-chirurgischen Stationen praktiziert (Konert 2004; vgl. das Kapitel von Fangerau: »Medizinische Spezialisierung«).
Urologe A | 2014
Friedrich Moll; Thorsten Halling; P. Rathert; Matthis Krischel; Heiner Fangerau
ZusammenfassungDie Gründung universitärer und nichtuniversitärer urologischer Kliniken verlief sowohl in Ost- wie Westdeutschland in einer schwierigen Situation. Gerade der integralistische Standpunkt chirurgischer Ordinarien bis in die 1970er Jahre behinderte lange eine rasche Entwicklung. In Nordrhein-Westfalen wurden vielfach die Leiter von städtischen Krankenhausabteilungen (Aachen – Bochum/Herne) oder Oberärzte sich differenzierender chirurgischer Kliniken mit urologischer Expertise (Düsseldorf, Essen, Bonn, Köln) eingesetzt.AbstractThe foundation of university departments of urology in postwar East and West Germany faced some opposition by some university professors of surgery who wanted to preserve the unity of their discipline. In North Rhine–Westphalia, heads of municipal hospitals or senior members of university hospitals’ staff often received the first chaired professorships of urology.
The Journal of Urology | 2017
Friedrich Moll; Thorsten Halling; Matthis Krischel; Heiner Fangerau
quasi-randomized control studies investigated the effectiveness of cranberry juice, syrups, powders, capsules and tablets in preventing UTIs. An article published in 2000 and sponsored by Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. presented a multitude of studies that suggest that regular consumption of cranberry juice cocktail reduces the risk of UTIs and inhibits bacterial adherence to mucosal surfaces. Cochrane reviews in 2000, 1998, 2004, and 2008 evaluated these studies and furthered the notion that there may be a decrease in symptomatic UTIs in women with recurrent infections over a 12-month period. However, the most recent update in 2012, which included 24 studies (14 more than 2008) and 4,473 participants suggested no statistically significant benefit in any high-risk group. Most recently, a study in JAMA found no benefit among women living in nursing homes. CONCLUSIONS: While a mechanism by which cranberry consumption may theoretically prevent UTIs has been proposed, and some research has suggested a benefit, a lack of strong evidence has left the most current medical opinion unable to justify proactive physician support of the practice.