Tiago Afonso de Macedo

General aspects of physalis cultivation

The Physalis peruviana L. is an exotic fruit that belongs to the Solanaceae family with recent production in Brazil. This is presented as an alternative production with nutritional potential and economic value. The cape gooseberry plant has a high added value that can be used from its root to the fruit itself. The roots and leaves are rich in medicinal properties that are used in pharmacology. The fruit is sweet and have good content of vitamins A, C, iron, phosphorus and fiber, often used in making jellies, jams, juices and ice creams. To improve the plant canopy, but also contribute to the quality and appearance of the fruit produced some cultural practices such as staking, training systems, pruning and thinning are used. The aim of this review is to provide technical and scientific data about the culture of physalis.

Aspectos gerais da cultura da physalis

The Physalis peruviana L. is an exotic fruit that belongs to the Solanaceae family with recent production in Brazil. This is presented as an alternative production with nutritional potential and economic value. The cape gooseberry plant has a high added value that can be used from its root to the fruit itself. The roots and leaves are rich in medicinal properties that are used in pharmacology. The fruit is sweet and have good content of vitamins A, C, iron, phosphorus and fiber, often used in making jellies, jams, juices and ice creams. To improve the plant canopy, but also contribute to the quality and appearance of the fruit produced some cultural practices such as staking, training systems, pruning and thinning are used. The aim of this review is to provide technical and scientific data about the culture of physalis.

Ferrugem em framboesa no estado de Santa Catarina

Folhas e frutos de framboesa (Rubus idaeus L.) da cultivar Batum coletados de plantas do pomar do Centro de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, CAV, municipio de Lages-SC, apresentando pustulas de ferrugem, foram encaminhados para analise no Laboratorio de Fitopatologia do CAV. A diagnose indireta indicou a presenca de pustulas com uma massa de esporos de cor amarela na face abaxial das folhas e superficie dos frutos. No exame ao microscopio, observou-se uredia e urediniosporos pequenos, obovados ou elipsoides, medindo 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm sobre a epiderme da folha e frutos, sem a presenca de telias. Suspensao de urediniosporos (50.000 esporos mL-1) em agua esterilizada foi pulverizada em folhas destacadas da mesma cultivar, mantidas por 24 h no escuro e 12 h de fotoperiodo em câmara umida a 20oC. Folhas-controle foram pulverizadas com agua esterilizada. Apos 10 dias detectaram-se uredias contendo urediniosporos na face abaxial das folhas, cujas caracteristicas morfologicas e mensuracao dos urediniosporos, sintomas e patogenicidade permitiram a identificacao do agente causal como sendo Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur pela primeira vez no Estado de Santa Catarina.RESUMO - Folhas e frutos de framboesa (Rubus idaeus L.) da cultivar Batum coletados de plantas do pomar do Centro de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, CAV, municipio de Lages-SC, apresentando pustulas de ferrugem, foram encaminhados para analise no Laboratorio de Fitopatologia do CAV. A diagnose indireta indicou a presenca de pustulas com uma massa de esporos de cor amarela na face abaxial das folhas e superficie dos frutos. No exame ao microscopio, observou-se uredia e urediniosporos pequenos, obovados ou elipsoides, medindo 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm sobre a epiderme da folha e frutos, sem a presenca de telias. Suspensao de urediniosporos (50.000 esporos mL -1 ) em agua esterilizada foi pulverizada em folhas destacadas da mesma cultivar, mantidas por 24 h no escuro e 12 h de fotoperiodo em câmara umida a 20oC. Folhas-controle foram pulverizadas com agua esterilizada. Apos 10 dias, detectaram-se uredias contendo urediniosporos na face abaxial das folhas, cujas caracteristicas morfologicas e mensuracao dos urediniosporos, sintomas e patogenicidade permitiram a identificacao do agente causal como sendo Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur pela primeira vez no Estado de Santa Catarina. Termos para Indexacao: diagnose, fungo, ocorrencia, Pucciniastrum americanum, Rubus idaeus.Leaves and fruits of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) of the cultivar Batum collected from the Agriculture and Life Science College - CAV orchard in Lages, SC, presenting rust pustules were analyzed in the CAV Plant Pathology Laboratory. Indirect diagnosis indicated in the abaxial side of the infected leaves and fruits surface pustules filled with masses of yellow spores. Under microscope exam, uredia and small, obovate or elliptical and averaged 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm urediniospores become evident in leaves and fruit surface. Telia were not observed. Urediniopores (50.000 esporos mL-1) were suspended in sterile water and sprayed onto same cultivar leaves that were maintained in a darkened mist chamber at 20oC for 24 h and transferred to a 20oC and 12 h light cycle chamber. Control leaves received sterile water only. After 10 days, sporulating uredia with urediniospores were produced on abaxial leaves and according to morphological characteristic of urediniopores, symptoms and pathogenicity, this is the first report of Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur in Santa Catarina State, Brazil.

Red raspberry rust in Santa Catarina state

Folhas e frutos de framboesa (Rubus idaeus L.) da cultivar Batum coletados de plantas do pomar do Centro de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, CAV, municipio de Lages-SC, apresentando pustulas de ferrugem, foram encaminhados para analise no Laboratorio de Fitopatologia do CAV. A diagnose indireta indicou a presenca de pustulas com uma massa de esporos de cor amarela na face abaxial das folhas e superficie dos frutos. No exame ao microscopio, observou-se uredia e urediniosporos pequenos, obovados ou elipsoides, medindo 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm sobre a epiderme da folha e frutos, sem a presenca de telias. Suspensao de urediniosporos (50.000 esporos mL-1) em agua esterilizada foi pulverizada em folhas destacadas da mesma cultivar, mantidas por 24 h no escuro e 12 h de fotoperiodo em câmara umida a 20oC. Folhas-controle foram pulverizadas com agua esterilizada. Apos 10 dias detectaram-se uredias contendo urediniosporos na face abaxial das folhas, cujas caracteristicas morfologicas e mensuracao dos urediniosporos, sintomas e patogenicidade permitiram a identificacao do agente causal como sendo Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur pela primeira vez no Estado de Santa Catarina.RESUMO - Folhas e frutos de framboesa (Rubus idaeus L.) da cultivar Batum coletados de plantas do pomar do Centro de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, CAV, municipio de Lages-SC, apresentando pustulas de ferrugem, foram encaminhados para analise no Laboratorio de Fitopatologia do CAV. A diagnose indireta indicou a presenca de pustulas com uma massa de esporos de cor amarela na face abaxial das folhas e superficie dos frutos. No exame ao microscopio, observou-se uredia e urediniosporos pequenos, obovados ou elipsoides, medindo 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm sobre a epiderme da folha e frutos, sem a presenca de telias. Suspensao de urediniosporos (50.000 esporos mL -1 ) em agua esterilizada foi pulverizada em folhas destacadas da mesma cultivar, mantidas por 24 h no escuro e 12 h de fotoperiodo em câmara umida a 20oC. Folhas-controle foram pulverizadas com agua esterilizada. Apos 10 dias, detectaram-se uredias contendo urediniosporos na face abaxial das folhas, cujas caracteristicas morfologicas e mensuracao dos urediniosporos, sintomas e patogenicidade permitiram a identificacao do agente causal como sendo Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur pela primeira vez no Estado de Santa Catarina. Termos para Indexacao: diagnose, fungo, ocorrencia, Pucciniastrum americanum, Rubus idaeus.Leaves and fruits of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) of the cultivar Batum collected from the Agriculture and Life Science College - CAV orchard in Lages, SC, presenting rust pustules were analyzed in the CAV Plant Pathology Laboratory. Indirect diagnosis indicated in the abaxial side of the infected leaves and fruits surface pustules filled with masses of yellow spores. Under microscope exam, uredia and small, obovate or elliptical and averaged 12,5-17,5 x 15,0-30,0 µm urediniospores become evident in leaves and fruit surface. Telia were not observed. Urediniopores (50.000 esporos mL-1) were suspended in sterile water and sprayed onto same cultivar leaves that were maintained in a darkened mist chamber at 20oC for 24 h and transferred to a 20oC and 12 h light cycle chamber. Control leaves received sterile water only. After 10 days, sporulating uredia with urediniospores were produced on abaxial leaves and according to morphological characteristic of urediniopores, symptoms and pathogenicity, this is the first report of Pucciniastrum americanum (Farl.) Arthur in Santa Catarina State, Brazil.