Valéria Barbieri

O discurso sobre a adesão de adolescentes ao tratamento da dependência química em uma instituição de saúde pública

Promoting adherence to chemical dependence (CD) treatment has been a challenge in several contexts, especially regarding adolescents. Such challenge has been related to assumptions about who adolescents are, what is understood by dependence and about its treatment. Twelve professionals from a CD outpatient service in the region of Ribeirão Preto (SP) were interviewed about the meanings they attributed to the following subjects: adolescence, substance use/abuse and its treatment and adherence to such treatment. It was observed that the interviewees considered several determinants for explaining adolescence; however, there was a predominance of individualizing arguments regarding this subject. Chemical Dependence was understood as the individuals loss of self-control; consequently the aim of the treatment was favoring this individuals reflection about the role of substance use in his/her life. The interviewees showed a critical discourse, seeking for institutional and staff-related factors as well as for external factors to explain treatment adherence. The discourses of the interviewees are discussed in terms of their interrelations with the literature about the subjects approached in the interviews and its implications for CD treatment.

O brincar criativo e a obesidade infantil

A obesidade infantil e uma das doencas mais preocupantes atualmente, o estudo de seus fatores psicologicos e escasso, podendo se vincular a caracteristicas especificas do brincar. Este trabalho objetiva investigar se ha algum prejuizo causado pela dificuldade de expressao da criatividade no brincar de criancas obesas e, em caso positivo, qual a sua natureza. Foram realizados cinco estudos de caso com meninos obesos entre 7 e 10 anos, de nivel socio-economico medio e familias intactas, com aplicacao do Teste do Desenho da Figura Humana (DFH) e Teste de Apercepcao Tematica Infantil (CAT-A). Observou-se que a dificuldade das criancas em criar, simbolizar e brincar gerava sentimento de solidao e abandono. As figuras parentais foram vistas como ambivalentes, nao suprindo as necessidades afetivas e a dependencia dos filhos, mas exigindo sua autonomia. O comer compulsivo apresentou-se como unica maneira de interagir com o ambiente, preenchendo a privacao afetiva experienciada nas relacoes precoces.

Por uma ciência-profissão: o psicodiagnóstico interventivo com o método de investigação científica

The traditional positivistic epistemology in Psycho logy assumes a clear separation between science and profession, and distinguishes the reasons that info rm them. Post-modern philosophy, however, changed th relationship between science and profession due to the fact that it ighlighted the choice of the paradigm which must be guided by its utility and by its ability to produce transforming knowledge. Current paper analyzes the epistemologica l and methodological assumptions dominant in psychological research and those which may establish and legitimate the profess ional activity. This is particularly true of Therapeutic Assessment as a production milieu of scientific knowledge.The traditional positivistic epistemology in Psycho logy assumes a clear separation between science and profession, and distinguishes the reasons that info rm them. Post-modern philosophy, however, changed the relationship between science and profession due to the fact that it highlighted the choice of the paradigm which must be guided by its utility and by its ability to produce transforming knowledge. Current paper analyzes the epistemological and methodological assumptions dominant in psychological research and those which may establish and legitimate the profess ional activity. This is particularly true of Therapeutic Assessment as a production milieu of scientific knowledge.

Personalidade paterna como fator prognóstico no tratamento da tendência antissocial

Most studies addressing the importance of the family environment on childrens emotional development and psychological treatment associate the characteristics of the mothers personality with the childs pathology, disregarding the characteristics of the fathers personality. Therefore, this studys objective was to investigate the personality characteristics of fathers of children with antisocial tendencies by means of the psychodiagnosis interventive method and to investigate the potential relationship of such characteristics to the treatment results obtained for children. Six fathers of seven children were evaluated by the Rorschach test. Follow-up of the cases indicated five therapeutic successes and two failures. The paternal personality characteristics associated with success included the absence of severe impairment in the test of reality, control of impulses, and interpersonal relationships, in addition to a neurotic organization of personality. The results show the importan- ce of including information concerning the fathers personality when prescribing therapies and establishing prognoses.Most studies addressing the importance of the family environment on childrens emotional development and psychological treatment associate the characteristics of the mothers personality with the childs pathology, disregarding the characteristics of the fathers personality. Therefore, this studys objective was to investigate the personality characteristics of fathers of children with antisocial tendencies by means of the psychodiagnosis interventive method and to investigate the potential relationship of such characteristics to the treatment results obtained for children. Six fathers of seven children were evaluated by the Rorschach test. Follow-up of the cases indicated five therapeutic successes and two failures. The paternal personality characteristics associated with success included the absence of severe impairment in the test of reality, control of impulses, and interpersonal relationships, in addition to a neurotic organization of personality. The results show the importance of including information concerning the fathers personality when prescribing therapies and establishing prognoses. Resumo: A maior parte dos estudos, sobre a importância do ambiente familiar no desenvolvimento emocional e no tratamento psicologico de criancas, busca associar as caracteristicas da mae a patologia da crianca, em detrimento da figura do pai. Tendo isso em vista, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as caracteristicas de personalidade de pais de criancas com tendencia antissocial, submetidas ao psicodiagnostico interventivo, e sua possivel relacao com os resultados terapeuticos dos filhos. Seis pais de sete criancas foram avaliados pelo Teste de Rorschach, e o follow-up dos casos indicou a ocorrencia de cinco sucessos e dois fracassos terapeuticos. As caracteristicas paternas associadas ao sucesso foram ausencia de comprometimentos severos no teste da realidade, controle pulsional e relacionamentos interpessoais, alem de uma organizacao neurotica de personalidade. Sendo assim, os resultados mostram a importância de incluir informacoes sobre a personalidade paterna na realizacao de indicacao terapeutica de criancas e na proposicao de prognosticos.

Psicodiagnóstico tradicional e interventivo: confronto de paradigmas?

RESUMO - A atividade psicodiagnostica e valorizada na Psicologia por sustentar seu status cientifico e fundamentar a identidade profissional. Embora o Psicodiagnostico Tradicional contraponha atividades avaliativas e terapeuticas, o Psicodiagnostico Interventivo as aproximou, modificacao que acarretou consequencias epistemologicas e metodologicas. O presente estudo examinou essa alteracao e suas consequencias para o status cientifico da Psicologia e para a identidade profissional. Para tanto, realizou-se uma exposicao dos paradigmas quantitativo e qualitativo de investigacao e uma analise dos fundamentos epistemologicos e metodologicos dessas duas praticas. As conclusoes revelam que o Psicodiagnostico Interventivo encontrase coerentemente baseado na perspectiva qualitativa, ao contrario do Tradicional, que apresenta embates paradigmaticos internos. Diante disso, o Psicodiagnostico Interventivo oferece aos psicologos um modelo de identificacao profissional mais solido que o Tradicional. Palavras-chave: epistemologia; metodologia; ciencia; psicodiagnostico tradicional; psicodiagnostico interventivo. ABSTRACT - Psychodiagnostic activity is appreciated in Psychology for sustaining its scientific status and supporting the professional’s identity. Although the Tradicional Psychodiagnosis contrasts diagnostic and therapeutic activities, the Therapeutic Assessment has approximated them. This change has generated epistemological and methodological consequences. The present study analyzed such a change and its consequences to Psychology’s scientific status and professional’s identity. To achieve this goal, a presentation of the quantitative and qualitative investigation paradigms and an examination of the epistemological and methodological foundations of those practices were accomplished. The conclusions show that the Therapeutic Assessment is coherently founded on the qualitative approach, in contrast to the Traditional Psychodiagnosis that presents internal paradigmatic contradictions. Given this, the Therapeutic Assessment offers psychologists a more solid basis for professional identification than the Traditional Assessment. Keywords: epistemology; methodology; science; traditional psychodiagnosis; therapeutic assessment.

A experiência da maternidade em uma família homoafetiva feminina

In families with a heterosexually-based core, maternal and paternal functions are associated with the gender of the care-givers. Families of non-traditional orientation are usually seen as a source of psychopathologies. Even though the conventional, traditional arrangement is still prevalent, this arrangement has come to share its space and importance with new and questioning family configurations, among which one may quote same-sex parents. The present essay has attempted to understand, by way of case studies, the performance of the maternal function in a female same-sex parenting family, composed of a female couple in the role of parents and the biological child of one of them. For the purpose of this analysis, an interview was conducted with the couple, separately, followed by the use of the family drawing test. A game was devised to test the child. There was also a diagnostic family interview with the couple and with child, with feedback. The material was interpreted on the basis of psychoanalytical reference. It was observed that the maternal function was largely conducted by the other partner and not by the biological mother.

Perfil psicológico de migrantes através da forma IRF do MMPI

Due to the association, frequently pointed out by literature, between the phenomenon of human migration and the development of mental disturbances, this work intends to supply the psychological profile of a migrants` Brazilian sample, by means of a reduced form of an instrument which has had its clinical and empirical value proved: the MMPI. For this, 20 masculine migrants, illiterates and without severe intellectual handicaps were submitted to IRF form of MMPI, that was developped in the USA for individuals with those cognitive characteristics. The results showed high scores in the F scale, related mainly to cultural issues and misunderstanding of items. Among the protocols that seem to be reliable for analysis have been detected a general IRF tendency of producing high scores in clinical scales. This indicates difficulties related to IRF standartization, validity and discrimination used for the Brazilian illiterate population.

Personalidade e câncer de mama e do aparelho digestório

The psycho-oncology literature points to influences of personality characteristics in cancer origin. This present study aimed to verify psychological aspects involved in the etiology of breast and digestive apparatus cancer, in a comparative study. It was accomplished through the application of a psychological interview and a reduced form of Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), in 15 women patients between 41 and 60 years old, divided in two groups: breast cancer (BC) and digestive apparatus cancer (DAC). Results indicated predominance of borderline personality organizations in BC and neurotic personality structures in DAC. Both groups referred losses and frustrations preceding disease, splitting of the ego between reason and affect, conflicts between aggressive and sexual instincts, conflicts relating to maternal figure and prevalence of operative thought, indicating difficulties in representing their own instincts mentally. Considerations were made about the importance of psychoterapy in these patients in order to construct or strength their symbolic capability.

Duelo Infantil y Creatividad: La Experiencia de Perder un Hermano

When children lose one of their siblings, they seek their parents’ emotional support. However, because their parents also feel the loss of one of their children, they cannot provide adequate emotional support for the living ones. Consequently, children have difficulty mourning that loss. This study aims to understand the psychodynamics of children who lost a sibling. The research involved three children, two boys at the age of 11 and 12, and a girl at the age of eight. Individual sessions were conducted to apply the House-Tree-Person Test (HTP) and the Fables Test with the children. Family environments were fragile, driving participants to suppress their feelings and develop symptoms such as learning disability, fear of death, psychosomatic symptoms, dependency, and difficulty in the symbolization process. To express their grief, children need to use their creativity, with the aid of an external environment that offers holding. Such setting allows them to express anguish and anxiety, and to resume their emotional development, despite the difficulties.

Luto infantil e Capacidade Criativa: A Experiência de Perder um Irmão

When children lose one of their siblings, they seek their parents’ emotional support. However, because their parents also feel the loss of one of their children, they cannot provide adequate emotional support for the living ones. Consequently, children have difficulty mourning that loss. This study aims to understand the psychodynamics of children who lost a sibling. The research involved three children, two boys at the age of 11 and 12, and a girl at the age of eight. Individual sessions were conducted to apply the House-Tree-Person Test (HTP) and the Fables Test with the children. Family environments were fragile, driving participants to suppress their feelings and develop symptoms such as learning disability, fear of death, psychosomatic symptoms, dependency, and difficulty in the symbolization process. To express their grief, children need to use their creativity, with the aid of an external environment that offers holding. Such setting allows them to express anguish and anxiety, and to resume their emotional development, despite the difficulties.