Vanessa Adelina Casali Bandeira

Prevalência de fragilidade em uma população de longevos na região Sul do Brasil

RESUMO Objetiva investigar a prevalencia de fragilidade em uma populacao de longevos. Estudo observacional e transversal com idosos acima de 80 anos de um municipio da regiao Sul do Brasil. A sindrome da fragilidade foi identificada de acordo com Fried et al. (2001). Entre os 69 idosos, 58% eram frageis e 42% pre-frageis, com maior frequencia de diminuicao de velocidade da marcha, perda de peso e fadiga. E evidente que a fragilidade esta instalada em idosos longevos, assim, avaliar e classificar os idosos de acordo com a fragilidade possibilita a organizacao das prioridades de assistencia, com o objetivo de prevenir, manter e/ou restaurar a capacidade funcional.

Potential interactions between drugs used in metabolic syndrome

Aims: To identify the drugs indicated for the control of chronic noncommunicable diseases that constitute the metabolic syndrome, included in the National List of Essential Medicines, and the potential positive and negative drug interactions between them, classifying them according to severity. Methods: The drugs used for the control of chronic noncommunicable diseases through Brazilian Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome, as well as specific guidelines for each disease that constitute metabolic syndrome were identified. Among these, we selected those listed in the National List of Essential Medicines. In the second part of the study, through a literature search, the potential drug interactions were identified, and were classified as positive or negative and according to their severity. Results: Nineteen drugs were identified in the National List of Essential Medicines, each of which had at least one potential drug interaction, totaling 89 potential interactions. Among these, 20.22% were classified as positive, these being mainly represented by the association of antihypertensive drugs; and 79.78% were considered negative, of which 14.09% had great severity. Conclusions: The treatment of metabolic syndrome is complex because it requires the combination of several drugs, which increases the risk of drug interactions and adverse effects. This study identified a number of potential drug interactions between these drugs, which can reduce or enhance their effectiveness and expose the patient to risks.

Adesão ao tratamento farmacológico da hipertensão arterial na Atenção Primária à Saúde

The objective was to verify adherence to the pharmacological treatment of arterial hypertension and factors associated with the low adhesion of hypertensive people attached to Primary Health Care. Cross-sectional study, carried out in two Family Health Strategies in a municipality in the northwest region of RS. Data collection was carried out at home during the period of January-May 2016. The Brief Medication Questionnaire was used to check adherence to treatment. The study included 145 hypertensive of both sexes. Higher blood pressure values were identified among hypertensive patients with lower adherence than among adherents. Regarding the association of antihypertensive drugs, it was found that the higher the number of medications used, the lower the adherence. The factors related to decreased adherence were: low income, use of two or more antihypertensive drugs and difficulty reading the packaging of medications.

Análise do conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem em relação à higienização das mãos

Justificativa e Objetivos: Diante da importância do conhecimento e da pratica da higiene das maos na perspectiva da enfermagem, objetivou-se analisar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem no âmbito hospitalar quanto a higienizacao das maos em unidades abertas e fechadas. Metodos: Estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal, desenvolvido em um hospital da regiao Noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com 159 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados com a aplicacao do questionario “Teste de Conhecimento a Respeito da Higienizacao das Maos para profissionais da saude” validado pela Organizacao Mundial da Saude, e analisados por meio de estatistica descritiva, teste de hipotese do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fischer, considerando estatisticamente significativo p<0,05. Resultados: Prevaleceram profissionais de nivel tecnico (89,3%) e sexo feminino (94,3%). Profissionais reconheceram rota de transmissao cruzada de microorganismo (96,9%). Evidenciou-se diferenca estatisticamente significativa entre unidades quanto ao tempo minimo para preparacao alcoolica nas acoes antes do contato com o paciente (p=0,018), ao chegar na unidade apos o almoco (p=0,014), antes da aplicacao de injecao (p=0,077), antes de esvaziar o urinol (p=0,020) e ao se afastar do paciente (p=0,002). Quanto as acoes de ambas as unidades para evitar contaminacao, apresentou diferenca estatistica antes de realizar procedimento asseptico (p=0,013). Conclusao: Demonstrou-se que a equipe de enfermagem possuia conhecimento sobre a tematica, mas faz-se necessario que sejam produzidas tecnologias que permitam ao profissional de saude repensar suas praticas desde seu ingresso na instituicao.

Prevalence and factors associated with sexual dysfunction in climacteric women

The present study aimed to verify the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in climacteric women and associated factors. This study had a cross-sectional and analytical design with women in the age group of 35 to 65 years, located in the Family Health Strategy units of the city of Ijuí, RS. The sociodemographic data and the health conditions were collected at home. Later in a urofunctional consultation they answered the questionnaire “The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI)” and provided information regarding their menstrual cycle and urinary continence. Of the 71 participants, 59.15% had sexual dysfunction. Among the risk factors for dysfunction the low level of education, aged over 50 years, non-reproductive period and occurrence of at least one vaginal delivery were observed. Among the total number of FSFI domains, the mean number of women with sexual dysfunction was 21.64±3.52 and the women with no dysfunction were 29.77±2.08. When discriminating the groups with and without dysfunction, the highest averages were in the pain and lubrification domains, respectively. These findings reinforce the importance of knowing the possible risk factors for dysfunction and the need to address this clinical condition in order to prevent it and ensure sexual health during the aging process.

Tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial

OBJETIVOS: Verificar o perfil de tratamento medicamentoso e nao medicamentoso de usuarios assistidos em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial. METODOS: Estudo epidemiologico com delineamento transversal, realizado em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial de um municipio do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram incluidos todos os usuarios assistidos no Centro, com idade superior a 18 anos, de ambos os generos. Foram excluidos aqueles com falta de informacoes sobre o tratamento. A coleta de dados foi realizada pelo acesso direto aos prontuarios quanto as caracteristicas sociodemograficas, informacoes relacionadas ao diagnostico, internacoes hospitalares anteriores, tratamento medicamentoso e nao medicamentoso. A analise dos dados foi realizada por meio do teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o nivel de significância considerado foi p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram incluidos 448 pacientes, cuja media de idade foi 48,25±12,44 anos, sendo que 293 (65,4%) eram do genero feminino, 266 (59,2%) viviam sem companheiro e 206 (46,0%) tinham ensino fundamental incompleto. Todos os usuarios realizavam tratamento nao medicamentoso e 445 (99,3%) faziam tambem uso de medicamentos. Entre as classes de medicamentos utilizados houve predominio de antipsicoticos (78,3%) e dos antidepressivos (71,2%). O uso de quatro ou mais medicamentos foi associado a internacao hospital anterior e ao uso de antipsicoticos, antidepressivos, antiepileticos e ansioliticos. CONCLUSOES: Constatou-se um perfil sociodemografico semelhante ao de usuarios de Centros de Atencao Psicossocial em diferentes regioes brasileiras. A totalidade dos pacientes recebia tratamento nao medicamentoso e quase a totalidade utilizava tambem medicamentos. Diante do elevado numero de medicamentos e internacoes hospitalares anteriores identificadas emerge a necessidade de ampliacao do escopo de terapeuticas nao medicamentosas no tratamento de transtornos mentais, a fim de promover a integralidade e a resolubilidade do cuidado em saude mental.

Avaliação da satisfação dos usuários das farmácias do sistema público de saúde

Objective: To assess the access to medicines and the level of satisfaction in users of public pharmacies in the municipality of Ijui, Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Quantitative observational and analytical cross-sectional study conducted with users of pharmacies from 14 health care centers who were randomly selected in the waiting room in January and February 2013. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire on socioeconomic aspects, health conditions, and use of health services and medicines. Satisfaction was measured by a score of zero to 10. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Participants were 134 users: 75.4% (n=101) of them were women and mean age was 48.95 ± 16.28 years. Most (n=89 - 66.4%) of the participants reported long term use of medicines, 54.5% (n=73) reported access to all the medicines in the pharmacy of the center, and 74.6% (100) reported buying the medicine if the pharmacy was out of them. The main problem identified was the lack of medicines (n=50 - 37.3%), followed by service and lack of human resources (n=17 - 12.6%). Mean satisfaction with the services was 8.7 ± 1.5. Greater satisfaction was found in those with lower levels of education, those who have access to medicines and those who have their doubts clarified. Conclusion: There is satisfaction with the services provided; however, the findings highlight the poor access to medicines and the need for effective qualification of the pharmaceutical services provided to ensure access to treatment with quality and problem-solving capacity.

Perfil dos medicamentos fornecidos via processo judicial na assistência farmacêutica do município de Santa Rosa/RS

Diante da crescente demanda por via judicial de acesso a medicamentos, e necessario conhecer as acoes judiciais e os medicamentos solicitados, a fim de qualificar a assistencia farmaceutica. O presente estudo objetiva identificar o perfil dos medicamentos fornecidos via processo judicial no municipio de Santa Rosa/RS. Trata-se de um estudo documental, transversal, analitico e descritivo. Foram incluidos no estudo os medicamentos dispensados no mes de dezembro de 2013 aos usuarios ativos cadastrados para o fornecimento de medicamentos via judicial ate dezembro daquele ano, no setor da Assistencia Farmaceutica do municipio de Santa Rosa/RS. A amostra foi constituida por 451 usuarios e os dados foram coletados atraves do sistema Administracao de Medicamentos do Estado, no qual os usuarios estao cadastrados. Foram dispensados 948 medicamentos no periodo do estudo, totalizando 390 especialidades farmaceuticas distintas. Duloxetina 60mg foi o medicamento mais dispensado. Os medicamentos classificados como fora das listas oficiais do Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS) foram os mais prevalentes, e dentre os incluidos em alguma lista, os do componente especializado foram os mais frequentes. Os resultados reforcam a importância da divulgacao do elenco de medicamentos disponibilizados pelo SUS e dos Protocolos Clinicos e Diretrizes Terapeuticas tanto para usuarios quanto para os prescritores que utilizam e atuam nos servicos publicos e privados de saude do municipio, alem da discussao para a inclusao de novos medicamentos nas listas oficiais do SUS.

ANÁLISE DAS PRESCRIÇÕES DISPENSADAS EM UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE DO MUNICÍPIO DE IJUÍ – RS

The aim of this study was to evaluate medical prescriptions regarding the prescribing indicators recommended by the World Health Organization and the Brazilian current legislation. This cross sectional study analyzed the prescriptions dispensed in a Basic Health Unit in the city of Ijui/ RS through a questionnaire for data collection. It was evaluated 4.108 prescriptions, with a mean of 2.43 drugs by prescription. The patient’s name was written in 94.9% of prescriptions. Regarding information related to the prescriber, the signature was present in 99.3% and the stamp and registration at the Regional Council of Medicine in 88.9%. The information relating to drug showed the lack of: a) route of administration (12.1%), b) pharmaceutical form (10.2%), c) dose (16.8%), d) dosage (16.7%) and e) length of treatment (16,1%). The results show that the health services are well organized and most prescriptions comply with the criteria established by WHO and Brazilian legislation.

Perfil de uso de medicamentos por idosos assistidos pelo Programa de Atenção ao Idoso (P.A.I.) da UNIJUÍ

The aging process is characterized by several bodily transformations, which can changes the effect of many drugs and be inappropriate to the elderly, due to the lack of efficacy or adverse effects outweigh the benefits. This paper aimed to identify the drugs used by elderly attending the Elderly Care Program (ECP), and investigate the use of potentially inappropriate drugs in this population. It was a quantitative and descriptive study with secondary data collection from medical records/registers of the elderly by ECP (University Extension Project of UNIJUI). Among the elderly enrolled, 16 received and / or are receiving drug therapy with pharmaceutical follow-up. The sample comprised 11 women, mean age 75.2±7.5 years. Each elderly receives 3.3±7.3 drugs on average. Polypharmacy was found in 15 elderly. Among the 117 drugs in use, considering replications, 13 are considered inappropriate for elderly, especially diazepam and fluoxetine, each used by three elderly. It is necessary to reduce the use of inappropriate drugs to improve the quality of life of elderly. This requires the collaboration of the prescriber and pharmacist, who is responsible for evaluating the prescription, identifying risks related to therapeutic intervention and communicate with the prescriber, providing information and suggestions that facilitate the use of health services.