Vera Lucia Navarro

A relação entre o trabalho, a saúde e as condições de vida: negatividade e positividade no trabalho das profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital escola

Este artigo e resultado de pesquisa realizada com profissionais de enfermagem do Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, e teve por objetivo investigar as relacoes entre o trabalho, a saude e as condicoes de vida daquelas profissionais. Os dados foram coletados atraves de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e de observacoes do ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam ser comum a ocorrencia de problemas de saude orgânicos e psiquicos decorrentes principalmente do estresse e do desgaste provocado pelas condicoes laborais, com reflexos nas condicoes de vida. Paradoxalmente, os dados revelam que aquelas trabalhadoras nao realizam seus tratamentos de saude de forma sistematizada. A analise do trabalho, articulada a questao de genero e a especificidade da atividade de enfermagem, contribuiu para melhor compreensao das condicoes de trabalho, vida e de saude desse grupo profissional.

Dilemas do trabalho no capitalismo contemporâneo

Starting from the Marxist conception of work, which considers labor as a vital, self-determined and meaningful activity - which is not the case in the logic of capital -, in this article, we attempt to indicate some of the main changes that occurred in the universe of work in the XXth-century and their consequences for the working class. What we aim to highlight is that, throughout the development of the work process - from Taylorism to Toyotism - transformations did not mean rupture with the capitalist character of the production mode, nor with its complex ideological plan to control the subjectivity of workers. Examples include the apology of individualism and the increase in unemployment, intensification and precariousness of work, which mark the world of work in contemporary society.

Saúde e trabalho rural: o caso dos trabalhadores da cultura canavieira na região de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

This study is based on an understanding of health and rural labor as a social process related to the characteristics of the agrarian issue in Brazilian society, focusing on sugar cane cutters in northeastern Sao Paulo State, Brazil, and attempting to identify patterns of attrition and reproduction in such labor. Based on direct observations, interviews with laborers and other agents involved in production, and a related bibliographical review, the analysis points to daily exposure of cane cutters to physical, chemical, and biological hazards resulting in various diseases, traumas, and accidents: dermatitis, conjunctivitis, dehydration, cramps, dyspnea, respiratory infections, high blood pressure, and wounds, besides aggravating the biopsychic burden underlying attrition patterns showing up in the spinal column, chest, head, and lumbar pains, nervous breakdowns, and other kinds of psychosomatic manifestations. This study of the work process pointed up its unhealthy working conditions and helped provide an overview of the conditions and means by which capital asserts itself in Brazil - in its self-reproduction process - especially in the agro-industrial sector.

O trabalho e a saúde do trabalhador na indústria de calçados

This article discusses how changes in the process and organization of the footwear industry in Franca, Sao Paulo State, have affected the health of this sectors workers. These changes came into force in 1990 and resulted in an increase in sub-contracting, home-based employment and the intensification of activity inside the factory.

Trabalho, saúde e migração nos canaviais da região de Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brasil: o que percebem e sentem os jovens trabalhadores?

The migration of young people from the Northeast to the Southeast of Brazil searching for employment is historically recurrent. The purpose of the present study was to understand how this young people are attracted to the sugarcane harvesting in the region of Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo State, and to learn how they become aware of their working conditions and the impact of these conditions on their health. For this qualitative research, 14 female and male workers between 18 and 24 years of age, who had migrated from the State of Maranhao, were interviewed between July 2008 and May 2009. According to their reports, young people had no other alternative but to migrate to find a job, due to the harsh reality of the region where they came from. The workers revealed frustration as they realized the jobs they found were not what they had expected. They also expressed hopelessness regarding their future and worries about health being damaged due to the type of work. Although they expressed disappointment with this reality, they intended to return to the sugarcane plantations in the next harvests, demonstrating their conformism to their social reality. This study allowed us to deepen our knowledge on labor force exploitation in sugarcane plantations in the largest producing region of the country, and showed that workers perceive the precariousness and stressfulness of the conditions they experience.

Acidentes de trabalho ocorridos entre adolescentes

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed at identifying occupational accidents involving teenagers and carried out in a professional training organization. Cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study which investigated 117 teenage workers, using a multidimensional questionnaire. Of all the respondents, 72.6% were women, 80.3% were 15 years old, 60% were dark colored and 62.4% had not worked before. The most popular positions were receptionist (46.2%) and administrative assistant (37.6%). Among those interviewed, 11% had had accidents in the current or previous job and, from these, 76.9% were involved in typical accidents that took place in the afternoon (61.5%). The most injured body parts were legs and feet (46.2%), and the most common injuries were abrasions (30.8%). Children and youth’s labor may result in injuries that are known as occupational accidents. This issue should not be viewed only in terms of workplace inspection and occupational health policies. In addition, a greater change is needed in the structure of society to avoid working from being detrimental to health.Objetivou-se identificar acidentes de trabalho ocorridos entre adolescentes em uma fundacao de educacao para o trabalho. Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo que investigou 117 adolescentes trabalhadores, atraves de um questionario multidimensional. Dos entrevistados, 72, 6% eram mulheres, 80, 3% tinham 15 anos de idade, 60% eram pardos e 62, 4% nao trabalhavam anteriormente. As atividades mais exercidas foram recepcionista (46, 2%) e auxiliar administrativo (37, 6%). Sofreram acidentes no trabalho atual ou anterior 11% dos entrevistados, dos quais, 76, 9% foram tipicos e ocorreram a tarde (61, 5%). Pernas e pes foram os segmentos mais lesados (46, 2%), e as escoriacoes, os principais agravos (30, 8%). O trabalho infanto-juvenil pode apresentar agravos, caracterizados como acidentes de trabalho. O enfrentamento desta questao nao pode ser pensado apenas no plano da fiscalizacao dos ambientes de trabalho, de politicas voltadas para a saude do trabalhador; ha necessidade de transformacao maior na estrutura da sociedade, para que o trabalho nao prejudique a saude.

Accidentes laborales producidos entre adolescentes

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed at identifying occupational accidents involving teenagers and carried out in a professional training organization. Cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study which investigated 117 teenage workers, using a multidimensional questionnaire. Of all the respondents, 72.6% were women, 80.3% were 15 years old, 60% were dark colored and 62.4% had not worked before. The most popular positions were receptionist (46.2%) and administrative assistant (37.6%). Among those interviewed, 11% had had accidents in the current or previous job and, from these, 76.9% were involved in typical accidents that took place in the afternoon (61.5%). The most injured body parts were legs and feet (46.2%), and the most common injuries were abrasions (30.8%). Children and youth’s labor may result in injuries that are known as occupational accidents. This issue should not be viewed only in terms of workplace inspection and occupational health policies. In addition, a greater change is needed in the structure of society to avoid working from being detrimental to health.Objetivou-se identificar acidentes de trabalho ocorridos entre adolescentes em uma fundacao de educacao para o trabalho. Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo que investigou 117 adolescentes trabalhadores, atraves de um questionario multidimensional. Dos entrevistados, 72, 6% eram mulheres, 80, 3% tinham 15 anos de idade, 60% eram pardos e 62, 4% nao trabalhavam anteriormente. As atividades mais exercidas foram recepcionista (46, 2%) e auxiliar administrativo (37, 6%). Sofreram acidentes no trabalho atual ou anterior 11% dos entrevistados, dos quais, 76, 9% foram tipicos e ocorreram a tarde (61, 5%). Pernas e pes foram os segmentos mais lesados (46, 2%), e as escoriacoes, os principais agravos (30, 8%). O trabalho infanto-juvenil pode apresentar agravos, caracterizados como acidentes de trabalho. O enfrentamento desta questao nao pode ser pensado apenas no plano da fiscalizacao dos ambientes de trabalho, de politicas voltadas para a saude do trabalhador; ha necessidade de transformacao maior na estrutura da sociedade, para que o trabalho nao prejudique a saude.

Occupational accidents involving teenagers

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed at identifying occupational accidents involving teenagers and carried out in a professional training organization. Cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study which investigated 117 teenage workers, using a multidimensional questionnaire. Of all the respondents, 72.6% were women, 80.3% were 15 years old, 60% were dark colored and 62.4% had not worked before. The most popular positions were receptionist (46.2%) and administrative assistant (37.6%). Among those interviewed, 11% had had accidents in the current or previous job and, from these, 76.9% were involved in typical accidents that took place in the afternoon (61.5%). The most injured body parts were legs and feet (46.2%), and the most common injuries were abrasions (30.8%). Children and youth’s labor may result in injuries that are known as occupational accidents. This issue should not be viewed only in terms of workplace inspection and occupational health policies. In addition, a greater change is needed in the structure of society to avoid working from being detrimental to health.Objetivou-se identificar acidentes de trabalho ocorridos entre adolescentes em uma fundacao de educacao para o trabalho. Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo que investigou 117 adolescentes trabalhadores, atraves de um questionario multidimensional. Dos entrevistados, 72, 6% eram mulheres, 80, 3% tinham 15 anos de idade, 60% eram pardos e 62, 4% nao trabalhavam anteriormente. As atividades mais exercidas foram recepcionista (46, 2%) e auxiliar administrativo (37, 6%). Sofreram acidentes no trabalho atual ou anterior 11% dos entrevistados, dos quais, 76, 9% foram tipicos e ocorreram a tarde (61, 5%). Pernas e pes foram os segmentos mais lesados (46, 2%), e as escoriacoes, os principais agravos (30, 8%). O trabalho infanto-juvenil pode apresentar agravos, caracterizados como acidentes de trabalho. O enfrentamento desta questao nao pode ser pensado apenas no plano da fiscalizacao dos ambientes de trabalho, de politicas voltadas para a saude do trabalhador; ha necessidade de transformacao maior na estrutura da sociedade, para que o trabalho nao prejudique a saude.

La relación entre trabajo, salud y condiciones de vida: negatividad y positividad en el trabajo de profesionales de enfermería en un hospital de enseñanza

Este artigo e resultado de pesquisa realizada com profissionais de enfermagem do Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, e teve por objetivo investigar as relacoes entre o trabalho, a saude e as condicoes de vida daquelas profissionais. Os dados foram coletados atraves de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e de observacoes do ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam ser comum a ocorrencia de problemas de saude orgânicos e psiquicos decorrentes principalmente do estresse e do desgaste provocado pelas condicoes laborais, com reflexos nas condicoes de vida. Paradoxalmente, os dados revelam que aquelas trabalhadoras nao realizam seus tratamentos de saude de forma sistematizada. A analise do trabalho, articulada a questao de genero e a especificidade da atividade de enfermagem, contribuiu para melhor compreensao das condicoes de trabalho, vida e de saude desse grupo profissional.