Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz Robazzi

O trabalho na vida dos adolescentes: alguns fatores determinantes para o trabalho precoce

Este estudo objetiva explicitar alguns determinantes que impelem os adolescentes ao trabalho atraves de sua compreensao da realidade e dos agravos a saude do processo de trabalho. Estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no materialismo historico, metodologia da hermeneutica dialetica. Os dados empiricos foram coletados numa instituicao formadora/mediadora para o mercado de trabalho em Cascavel - PR, utilizando-se a analise documental e a entrevista semi-estruturada. Os determinantes encontrados para o trabalho precoce foram: pobreza, desigualdade social, concentracao de renda, demanda de mercado, oferta educacional, qualidade do ensino, constituicao familiar, determinacoes do sistema de producao e necessidade de ganhar a vida por conta propria.This study aims at clarifying determinant factors which impel adolescents to work through the comprehension of their reality and of the damages to health caused by the work process. It is a qualitative study based on the historical materialism and on the dialectic hermeneutics methodology. Empirical data were collected from an educational/mediating institution which qualified students for the labor market in Cascavel-PR, Brazil by means of documental analysis and semi-structured interviews. The determinant factors leading to work at an early age were: poverty, social inequality, income concentration, market demand, educational provision, educational standards, family constitution, determinations by the production system and the need for adolescents to have their own income.

Occupational accidents involving biological material among public health workers

This descriptive research aimed to recognize the occurrence of work accidents (WA) involving exposure to biological material among health workers at Public Health Units in Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil. A quantitative approach was adopted. In 2004, 155 accidents were notified by means of the Work Accident Communication (WAC). Sixty-two accidents (40%) involved exposure to biological material that could cause infections like Hepatitis and Aids. The highest number of victims (42 accidents) came from the category of nursing aids and technicians. Needles were responsible for 80.6% of accidents and blood was the biological material involved in a majority of occupational exposure cases. This subject needs greater attention, so that prevention measures can be implemented, which consider the peculiarities of the activities carried out by the different professional categories.This descriptive research aimed to recognize the occurrence of work accidents (WA) involving exposure to biological material among health workers at Public Health Units in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. A quantitative approach was adopted. In 2004, 155 accidents were notified by means of the Work Accident Communication (WAC). Sixty-two accidents (40%) involved exposure to biological material that could cause infections like Hepatitis and Aids. The highest number of victims (42 accidents) came from the category of nursing aids and technicians. Needles were responsible for 80.6% of accidents and blood was the biological material involved in a majority of occupational exposure cases. This subject needs greater attention, so that prevention measures can be implemented, which consider the peculiarities of the activities carried out by the different professional categories.

Alguns problemas ocupacionais decorrentes do trabalho de enfermagem no Brasil

Se presentan algunas consideraciones sobre la situacion de los trabajadores brasilenos de enfermeria. Duenos de una concepcion idealizada de la profesion, se sumeten a distintos riesgos ocupacionales, sufren accidentes de trabajo , adolecen y en la mayoria de las veces no lo atribuyen a las cuestiones provenientes de su actividad laboral. La concienciacion de los trabajadores sobre los riesgos a los cuales son sometidos es importante para intentar revertirse ese cuadro y para que estas personas aprendan a reivindicar mejores condiciones de trabajo.Apresentam-se algumas consideracoes sobre a situacao em que se encontram os trabalhadores brasileiros de enfermagem. Tendo uma concepcao idealizada da profissao, submetem-se a variados riscos ocupacionais, sofrem acidentes de trabalho e adoecem e na maior parte das vezes nao atribuem estes problemas as questoes decorrentes de sua atividade laboral. A conscientizacao dos trabalhadores acerca dos riscos aos quais se submetem, torna-se importante para se tentar modificar este quadro e para que estas pessoas aprendam a reivindicar por melhorias em suas condicoes de trabalho.This study presents some considerations on the situation of Brazilian nursing workers. It is known that these professionals have an idealized conception of their duty. This fact prevents them from being aware of the many occupational risks, accidents and diseases to which they are exposed. The awareness of these professionals, regarding occupational risks, is very important in order to change this picture and enable nursing workers to claim for better work conditions.

Causas de subnotificação de acidentes do trabalho entre trabalhadores de enfermagem

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Nurses' work in intensive care units: feelings of suffering

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feelings of suffering that Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses experience, and the strategies they use to face these feelings. It is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach and based on content analysis. The study used previous studies on Work Psychodynamics as complementary groundwork. Data collection occurred by means of semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed, categorized, and subcategorized. Results showed that suffering is related to: taking care of a young patient in critical condition, taking problems home, the patient’s family, the team’s work, and technology at work. As for the defense strategies used, emphasis is given to the search for strength in religion, promoting inter-relationships among team members, engaging in physical activity, and withdrawing from the patient.The purpose of this study was to investigate the feelings of suffering that Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses experience, and the strategies they use to face these feelings. It is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach and based on content analysis. The study used previous studies on Work Psychodynamics as complementary groundwork. Data collection occurred by means of semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed, categorized, and subcategorized. Results showed that suffering is related to: taking care of a young patient in critical condition, taking problems home, the patients family, the teams work, and technology at work. As for the defense strategies used, emphasis is given to the search for strength in religion, promoting inter-relationships among team members, engaging in physical activity, and withdrawing from the patient.

Prazer e sofrimento no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem: reflexão à luz da psicodinâmica Dejouriana

O presente trabalho e uma reflexao teorica com o objetivo de refletir sobre as questoes de vivencias de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem, sob a otica da psicodinâmica dejourina do trabalho. Esta reflexao contribui para elucidar a importância dos processos organizativos no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem, em especial por considerar os aspectos relacionados a intersubjetividade e a historia singular de cada ser humano. Diagnosticar as situacoes cotidianas no ambiente de trabalho e importante para intervencoes nas formas de organizacao do processo de trabalho, bem como em outras situacoes que forem necessarias, contribuindo, assim, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida no ambiente laboral e na vida privada.The present study is a theoretical reflection which approaches the feelings of pleasure and suffering in the nursing team work in the perspective of the psychodynamic under Dejour optics. This reflection contributes to elucidate the importance of the organization processes of nursing team work, in special for considering the aspects related to the intersubjectivity and the singular history of each human being. The intervention in the health area organizations and in other institutions, consequently favors the diagnostic of the work situations, contributing for the improvement of the quality of life in the proper labor environment and also in the private life, among others.

Riscos químicos a que estão submetidos os trabalhadores de enfermagem: uma revisão de literatura

This study consisted of a bibliographical survey in the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and ILO-CIS BULLETIN - SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK, with a view to identifying the main agents that can favor contact with these risks and cause health alterations in nursing workers. 37 articles were found, only four of which were published in national journals. Articles reported on the detection of chemical risks in the manipulation of cytostatic drugs; in the exposure to anesthetic gases, formaldehyde/glutaraldehyde vapor and sterilizing gases, among others.This study consisted of a bibliographical survey in the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and ILO-CIS BULLETIN - SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK, with a view to identifying the main agents that can favor contact with these risks and cause health alterations in nursing workers. 37 articles were found, only four of which were published in national journals. Articles reported on the detection of chemical risks in the manipulation of cytostatic drugs; in the exposure to anesthetic gases, formaldehyde/glutaraldehyde vapor and sterilizing gases, among others.

O adoecer pelo trabalho na enfermagem: uma revisão integrativa

Mans endless search for methods of performing different activities leads to increased workloads, which eventually result in physical, psychological and emotional conditions. The objective of this study was to seek scientific evidence regarding the types of work-related conditions or illnesses in nursing, as well as the means of coping and preventing occupational diseases and accidents. An integrative review was performed on the electronic health databases using the following descriptors: occupational disease, occupational prevention, and nursing worker. Twenty-seven articles were found. It was realized that nurses have back pain and musculoskeletal injuries, suffer accidents with sharp-edged materials and endure stress and tension at work, in addition to exposure to environmental pollution and dermatitis.Mans endless search for methods of performing different activities leads to increased workloads, which eventually result in physical, psychological and emotional conditions. The objective of this study was to seek scientific evidence regarding the types of work-related conditions or illnesses in nursing, as well as the means of coping and preventing occupational diseases and accidents. An integrative review was performed on the electronic health databases using the following descriptors: occupational disease, occupational prevention, and nursing worker. Twenty-seven articles were found. It was realized that nurses have back pain and musculoskeletal injuries, suffer accidents with sharp-edged materials and endure stress and tension at work, in addition to exposure to environmental pollution and dermatitis.

Acidentes de trabalho com material biológico entre trabalhadores de unidades de saúde pública

This descriptive research aimed to recognize the occurrence of work accidents (WA) involving exposure to biological material among health workers at Public Health Units in Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil. A quantitative approach was adopted. In 2004, 155 accidents were notified by means of the Work Accident Communication (WAC). Sixty-two accidents (40%) involved exposure to biological material that could cause infections like Hepatitis and Aids. The highest number of victims (42 accidents) came from the category of nursing aids and technicians. Needles were responsible for 80.6% of accidents and blood was the biological material involved in a majority of occupational exposure cases. This subject needs greater attention, so that prevention measures can be implemented, which consider the peculiarities of the activities carried out by the different professional categories.This descriptive research aimed to recognize the occurrence of work accidents (WA) involving exposure to biological material among health workers at Public Health Units in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. A quantitative approach was adopted. In 2004, 155 accidents were notified by means of the Work Accident Communication (WAC). Sixty-two accidents (40%) involved exposure to biological material that could cause infections like Hepatitis and Aids. The highest number of victims (42 accidents) came from the category of nursing aids and technicians. Needles were responsible for 80.6% of accidents and blood was the biological material involved in a majority of occupational exposure cases. This subject needs greater attention, so that prevention measures can be implemented, which consider the peculiarities of the activities carried out by the different professional categories.

Acidentes com material biológico em hospital da Rede de Prevenção de Acidentes do Trabalho - REPAT

This transversal study is aimed at diagnosing work accidents involving exposure to biological material occurred at the Brasilia University Hospital, as well as at analyzing institutional preventive actions. The REPAT – Work Accident Prevention Network – electronic form was used for data collection. Data were collected during 2003 and 2004 and the statistical analysis was performed through computation of frequencies. Among the 2.000 to 2.011 workers in action at that time, 107 accidents were evidenced. The highest amount of them occurred in the morning, among women, and involved perforating lesion in hands, caused by needles and catheters in the Medical Clinic and emergency units. Due to the characteristics of these accidents, the preventive actions, which included training, visits to work places and individual orientation, need to be revised and expanded.