Veysel Tolan

Complexation and mutagenicity potential studies with N, N′- bis (2-hydroxynaphthalin-1-carbaldehydene)-1,2- bis -(P-aminophenoxy)ethane and a novel oxovanadium(IV) complex

A new oxovanadium(IV) complex of the Schiff base obtained by condensation of 1,2-bis(p-aminophenoxy)ethane with 2-hydroxynaphthalin-1-carbaldehyde was synthesized. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, mass spectral data, UV–visible and IR spectra. Stability constants and thermodynamic values for complexation between Cu(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and VOSO4·5H2O and the ligand in 80% dioxane/water were determined by conductance measurements. Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of the ligand synthesized by a previously described method were found to be mutagens on strain TA 100 in the presence and absence of S9 mix. These compounds are classified as mutagenic in the Ames test.

In vitro biological activities and fatty acid profiles of Pistacia terebinthus fruits and Pistacia khinjuk seeds

This study reports in vitro anticholinesterase, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol and ethanol–water extracts prepared from Pistacia terebinthus L. fruits and Pistacia khinjuk Stocks seeds as well as their total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and fatty acid compositions. Ethanol and ethanol–water extracts of both species exhibited higher anticholinesterase activity than galanthamine. Among ABTS, DPPH and CUPRAC assays, the highest antioxidant capacity of the extracts was found in the last one. P. terebinthus ethanol extract being rich in flavonoid content showed the best cupric reducing effect. All extracts possessed no antimicrobial activity. The main fatty acid in P. terebinthus fruits (52.52%) and P. khinjuk seeds (59.44%) was found to be oleic acid. Our results indicate that P. terebinthus fruits and P. khinjuk seeds could be a good source of anticholinesterase compounds, and could be phytochemically investigated.

THE EFFECT OF MICROWAVE ON THE CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION BACILLUS SUBTILIS YB 886 AND REC DERIVATIVES YB 886 A4

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to investigate effects of microwave irradiation on cell differentiation and SOS repair system in Bacillus subtilis rec+ YB 886 and rec derivatives YB 886 rec A4. Amount of a specific protein that shynthesed during DNA damage by SOS repair system and binding to din C promoter region increased by microwave irradiation in rec+ bacteria. More increasing were determined in amount of the specific protein during Ultraviolet treatment. If amount of DNA, protein and RNA are taken into consideration, it has observed that amount of DNA decreased (P>0.05) but not statically significant, amount of protein decreased (p<0.05) and a little increasing, (P>0.05) in amount of RNA may be due to structural deformation.

Essential Oil Components, Microelement Contents and Antioxidant Effects of Nepeta italica L. and Achillea filipendulina LAM.

Abstract The genus Nepeta (Lamiaceae) and Achillea (Asteraceae) are widely distributed in Turkey. In this study, the essential oils of Nepeta italica L. and Achillea filipendulina LAM. collected from Dicle district in Diyarbakir province in the Southeast Anatolia and from Hakkari province in East Anatolia of Turkey, were obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts. The essential oils from Nepeta italica and Achillea filipendulina obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC Clarus 600-MS Clarus 600 C (Perkin Elmer) and microelements were analyzed by Perkin Elmer Optima 2100 DV ICP OEMS, and also antioxidant activity analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Achillea filipendulina and Nepeta italica essential oils showed similar antioxidant activity with inhibition of 55.3 % and 51.3 %, respectively, which are higher than BHT synthetic antioxidant with 23 % inhibition.

Mutagenicity of Hypericum lysimachioides extracts

Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species are extensively used in several fields such as traditional medicine, food and crop protection. Despite its usage in many fields, the identification of the genotoxic potential of this herb is still incomplete. In this study, we evaluated genotoxic effects of the petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides Boiss. var. lysimachioides by Ames Salmonella/microsome test and SOS chromotest. The mutagenic activity of Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides extracts was investigated by using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 and also the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37 strain, with or without S9 metabolic activation. In this initial report we demonstrated that all extracts of H. lysimachioides var. lysimachioides showed significant mutagenic activity on both strains of Salmonella either with or without S9 mixture. No mutagenicity was found in the SOS chromotest either with or without S9 mixture. These results indicate a significant mutagenicity of the petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides in vitro. It can be suggested that quercetin and flavonol or their synergistic effects may be main mutagenic agents in the photopharmaceuticals Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides extract.

Biological Activities of Origanum, Satureja, Thymbra and Thymus Species Grown in Turkey

In the present study, seven thyme species Origanum onites, O. vulgare var. hirtum, O. vulgare var. gracile, O. syriacum, Satureja hortensis, Thymbra spicata, and Thymus vulgaris were used. The essential oils of these plants were obtained by the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils against microorganisms, including multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria, were investigated using the disc diffusion method. All the essential oils used in this study were very effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which included multiple resistant strains. All essential oils tested were especially very effective against Streptococcus pyogenes. The maximum antimicrobial activity was observed with the essential oils of S. hortensis. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oils varied depending on the species. In fact, the essential oils of some thyme species showed different levels of antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activity results show that the percentage of inhibition values ranged from 28.32 to 94.55 %. Among essential oils, O. vulgare var. gracile oil showed the lowest antioxidant capacity (28.32 %), while S. hortensis showed the highest one (94.55 %). Generally, the data suggest that different thyme species oil possesses useful antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and may be utilized in the food industry and as a dietary supplement.

THE EFFECT OF MICROWAVE ON PLASMIDS AMPLIFICATION AND CELL DIFFERENTIATION IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to investigate plasmid amplification and other differentiation by microwave irradiation (1 mV/cm2) and chloramphenicol treatment (170 μg/ml) in Bacillus subtilis. The effect of microwave on B.subtilis was observed and the amounts of DNA, RNA, protein and plasmid were determined during the experiments. The data obtained were evaluated statistically and the variability of the amounts of DNA, Protein, RNA, Growth and plasmid exposed to microwave were less than those treated with chloramphenicol and these amounts significantly differ between microwave and chloramphenicol. Microwave exposure induces any broken fragment and the amounts of plasmids increased.