Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior

Determinação do valor energético de alimentos para ruminantes pelo sistema de equações

The objective was to evaluate the equations system for determination of the TDN of six forages (corn silage, sugar cane with 1% urea, coastcross grass hay 1, coastcross grass hay 2, tifton grass haylage and elephant grass) and 12 concentrate feeds (corn grain ground, sorghum grain ground, corn germ, wheat bran, rice bran, babacu meal, soybean meal, cotton meal, cotton seed, corn gluten, corn gluten meal and soybean hull) were determined using sheep as experimental animals. Forages and concentrates feed were combined in two different levels, following a completely randomized design with four repetitions for each level. The same animals were utilized to the two concentrate levels, in two consecutive periods. The diets refering to the two concentrate levels were isonitrogenous. The corn silage, sugar cane with 1% urea, coastcross grass hay 1, coastcross grass hay 2, tifton grass haylage and elephant grass presented, respectively, the following TDN values: 59.56, 60.57, 48.59, 50.24, 60.49 and 49.59%. The concentrate feeds presented the following TDN values: corn grain ground (93.75%), sorghum grain ground (82.82%), corn germ (85.30%), wheat bran (74.28%), rice bran (80.65%), babacu meal (49.38%), soybean meal (83.24%), cotton meal (67.75%), cotton seed (88.07%), corn gluten (85.34%), corn gluten meal (75.61%) and soybean hull (68.95%). The equations system was efficient in determination of the energy value of feed, because the high correlation between those values and the digestibilities of dry matter and organic matter of all feeds evaluated.

Perfil de fermentação e perdas na ensilagem de diferentes frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca

Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar o perfil fermentativo das silagens de quatro variedades de mandioca. No estudo do pH, do nitrogenio amoniacal, dos acidos orgânicos, do indice de recuperacao de materia seca (MS) e da densidade das silagens, utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados com esquema fatorial 4 × 3, com quatro repeticoes, sendo quatro variedades de mandioca (Amarelinha, Olho Roxo, Periquita e Sabara) e tres fracoes da parte aerea (planta inteira, sobras do plantio e terco superior). No estudo da perda de materia seca por gases e efluentes, o esquema fatorial utilizado foi 4 × 3 × 7, com quatro repeticoes, composto de quatro variedades de mandioca, tres fracoes da parte aerea e sete datas de abertura dos silos (1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28 e 56 dias apos a ensilagem). A ensilagem foi realizada em silos de laboratorio confeccionados em tubos de PVC. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a analise de variância e, para comparacao das medias, foi realizado o teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de significância. Nao houve diferenca significativa entre os valores de pH, acidos orgânicos e densidade das silagens das diferentes variedades, entretanto, o pH, o nitrogenio amoniacal e a densidade das silagens das fracoes da parte aerea diferiram entre as variedades. O nitrogenio amoniacal das silagens tambem diferiu entre as variedades. Embora a forragem fresca tenha apresentado valores de materia seca inferiores a 30%, os valores de pH foram satisfatorios. As silagens das fracoes terco superior e sobras do plantio tem otima qualidade fermentativa. As silagens deste estudo apresentam baixa perda de materia seca.

Desenvolvimento luteal e concentrações plasmáticas de progesterona em vacas das raças Gir e Nelore

The follicular dynamics and luteal regression were studied in 12 Gir and seven Nelore cows, treated with prostaglandin F2a analog, between days 10 and 12 of the estrous cycle. The synchronization rate was higher than 92% for the Gir and Nelore cows, and the ovulation of the second dominant follicle occurred in 72.7% of the Gir and all the Nelore cows. The Nelore ovulatory follicle diameter was lower than Gir cows ((11.0 ± 0.9 mm x 13.0 ± 1.7 mm). The intervals from treatment to estrus, treatment to ovulation time and from the onset of the estrus to ovulation were 88.7 and 91.6h, 119 and 113h, 26.5 and 24.3h for Nelore and Gir cows, respectively.

Desempenho ponderal de cordeiros Santa Inês e F1 Dorper x Santa Inês em pastagens naturais

This work was carried out in order to evaluate the daily weight gain of two sheep genotypes, Santa Ines and F1 Dorper x Santa Ines. Eight females and eight males from each genotype, were used, in a entirely randomized design, in a factorial scheme 2 x 2 x 2 (two genotypes, two sexes and two slaughter ages). Data were submitted to analysis of variance with application of the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The birth weight, wean weight, final weight, average daily weight gain and total weight gain were evaluated. There was significant effect of genotype for birth weight and wean weight with superior Dorper x Santa Ines lambs. There was no significant difference for final weight, since weight gain from wean to slaughter was superior for Santa Ines genotype. For total weight gain, the effect of the genotype was important because F1 Dorper x Santa Ines was superior to, while daily weight gain was equal for the two evaluated genotypes. Sex effect was not significant for any evaluated characteristic. There was no difference between final weight, average daily weight gain and total weight gain for different slaughter ages. The use of Dorper breed did not reflect greater return when is intended to keep its products in systems exclusively for pasture. Bioeconomic studies are necessary for verifying applicability of that practice in the North of Minas Gerais.

Potencial forrageiro e valor nutricional do feno de diferentes frações da parte aérea de quatro variedades de mandioca

The objective to this was work evaluate the forage potential and nutritional value the hay, of different fractions of the aerial parts of four cassava varieties. We used a randomized complete block design, factorial design 4 x 3 with four replications being four varieties of cassava (Amarelinha, Olho Roxo, Periquita and Sabara) and three forms of exploitation of cassava foliage (Entire Plant, Superior Third, Surpluses of Planting). Variety Periquita used when the whole plant fraction showed better results on the productive potential of hay and forage. The highest values of leaf / foliage were found in the fraction of the upper third. The variety Amarelinha had lower lignin content and carbohydrate fraction C and together with the variety Olho Roxo had a higher value of TDN. The fraction of the upper third had the highest crude protein content and lower fiber and lignin, which was confirmed by fractionation of carbohydrates. As to the division protein did not differ between the cassava varieties, however, the fraction of the whole plant was lowest in fraction C. For protein fractions B1 and B2 was no interaction effect of varieties with the fractions of the shoot. We can conclude that the varieties of this study in the different fractions of the aerial have good productive potential and who also the hay produced the shoot and Olho Roxo Amarelinha varieties have better nutritional value, as well as the upper third of the hay.

Resposta superovulatória de novilhas mestiças holandês-zebu tratadas com somatotropina bovina recombinante (rbST)

The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of pretreatment with 500 mg of sometribove (rbST) on superovulatory response, on number and embryos quality of twenty six crossbred holstein-zebu heifers, allocated into two treatments: T1 ¾ treated with rbST (n=13) and T2 - control (n=13). Thirteen superovulations were done between september and december of 1997 (period 1), and thirteen superovulations between the end of december 1997 and february of 1998 (period 2). For each period seven animals were injected with 500 mg SC sustained-release formulated rbST (T1) on day 3 of estrous cycle, while six animals (T2) did not receive any medication. The animals were superovulated with FSH on day 10, and the embryo collection were performed on day 7 or 8 after the artificial insemination (A.I.). Pretreatment of heifers with rbST did not increase the superovulatory response, total number of structures recover, viable and non viable embryos and ova per collection. The average of total number of structures recovered, viable and non viable embryos and ova per collection were: 15.3 ± 9.5 and 17.4 ± 10.9; 8.5 ± 8.3 and 11.5 ± 10.0; 4.6 ± 4.7 and 3.4 ± 1.3; 2.2 ± 2.8 and 2.8 ± 4.0, respectively, for T1 and T2. The morulae and initial blastocists were recovered in greater percentage on day 7 or 8 after A.I.

Composição do leite de vacas alimentadas com diferentes fontes de compostos nitrogenados

Objective was to evaluate the physic-chemical composition and the fatty acid profile of milk from cows fed with different sources of nitrogen compounds (soybean meal, urea, sunflower meal and detoxified castor bean meal). The experimental design was two 4 x 4 Latin squares, being used eight F1 Holstein / Zebu cows, with an average production of 20 kg of milk with 3.5% fat day-1. Milk samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical composition and fatty acid profile. With the exception of milk urea nitrogen, which was higher in the diet with urea, the other variables of the physic-chemical composition were not affected by diets with different sources of nitrogen compounds. Regarding the fatty acid profile was no change in the concentrations of acid C4: 0, C18: 0, C10: 1, C12: 1 and C18: 1 T10 T11 T12. However, for total saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk, there were no differences among the sources of nitrogen compounds. The use of different sources of nitrogen compounds in the diet of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows, with an average production of 20 kg of milk with 3.5% fat day-1 does not alter the physic-chemical composition of milk, with the exception of milk urea nitrogen which increases with dietary urea. However, it you can modify the profile of milk fatty acids.

Casca de banana em dietas para vacas mestiças em lactação

The study purpose was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, ingestive behavior and milk production of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows fed with diets containing dried banana peel in the sun with or without addition of chemical agents during the drying process. We used two Latin squares 4 x 4, composed of four diets, four animals and four experimental periods. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenious with forage to concentrate ratio of 75: 25. Treatments consisted of 20% inclusion of dried banana peel with or without addition of 2% of limestone or 2% of calcium oxide, replacing the sorghum silage, apart from free banana peel diet. Were used eight cows with 80 ± 10 days in milk at the beginning of the experiment, which lasted 72 days, divided into four periods of 18 days with 14 days for diet adaptation and four days of sampling and data collection. The banana peel with calcium oxide decreases rumination time, the total chewing time and the number amounts ruminated per day. However, it didn’t change the feed and rumination efficiencies of DM and NDF. The utilization of dried banana peel in the sun in 20% of the diet doesn’t alter milk yield, with average production of 16.88 kg of milk with 3.5% of fat.day-1. However, reduces DM and nutrients digestibility, which may limit the weight gain of the animals. The use of additives in banana skin drying does not improve the consumption and production of milk.

Caracterísiticas fermentativas de silagens de cana-de-açúcar com aditivos

Objetivou-se por meio deste trabalho avaliar as caracteristicas fermentativas de silagens de duas variedades de cana-de-acucar com diferentes aditivos. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias da UNIMONTES, Campus de Janauba-MG. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 2 x 5 + 2, sendo duas variedades de cana-de-acucar (RB 86 7515 e IAC 86 2480) e cinco aditivos (ureia, NaOH, CaO, milho e Lactobacillus buchneri) com tres repeticoes e um tratamento sem aditivo por variedade, com a abertura dos silos sendo feita aos 60 dias da ensilagem. Os aditivos NaOH e CaO propiciaram reducoes nas perdas por gases e efluentes das silagens de cana-de-acucar. A variedade IAC 86 2480 apresentou melhor indice de recuperacao de materia seca. Os aditivos NaOH e L. buchneri reduziram a atividade de agua na variedade IAC 86 2480. O milho e L. buchneri propiciaram menores valores de pH. A adicao de ureia elevou significativamente os valores de nitrogenio amoniacal. As silagens aditivadas com NaOH e CaO apresentaram elevados teores de acido latico e baixos teores de etanol. Os teores de acido acetico em porcentagem da materia seca foram elevados em todos os tratamentos. Ja o acido propionico e o butirico encontram-se dentro da faixa ideal, para o processo fermentativo. A utilizacao dos aditivos NaOH e CaO resultou em uma silagem com boas caracteristicas fermentativas e a melhor variedade para o processo de ensilagem foi a IAC 86 2480.

Desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de fêmeas F1 Holandês x Nelogir

It was aimed to evaluate the productive and reproductive traits of 1/2 Holstein x ¼ Nellore, ¼ Gir (Nelogir) females. They were evaluated the effects of order and season of calving, of Gir and Holstein sires grandfathers and fathers of the 1/2 Holstein x Nelogir matrices, respectively. Total milk production, with average lactation length of 288 days, was 3,426.9kg of milk. The order of calving influenced the daily average production which was higher in the second calving and lactation length was superior in the first calving. The beginning of rain period (November to January) showed lower lactation length and production a day of calving interval. Total milk production did not vary according to Gir sire, Nelogir’s father, and was higher in the matrices daughters of Holstein sires with positive PTA for milk. In the first calving the production peak was of 13.03kg at 45 days of lactation, and from the second calving the production was descending one. In tropical conditions, productive and reproductive traits support the initiative of farm animals 1/2 Holstein x Nelogir from matrices composed Nelogir and that the choice of Holstein bull to produce F1 HNG should be based on the genetic value milk production (milk PTA).