Vinod Tare

Aerosol black carbon radiative forcing at an industrial city in northern India

During a comprehensive aerosol field campaign as part of ISRO-GBP,extensive measurements of aerosol black carbon were made during December 2004, for the first time, at Kanpur, an urban continent allocation in northern India. BC diurnal variation is associated with changes in boundary layer mixing and anthropogenic activities. BC concentration in Kanpur is comparable to those measured in other megacities of India but much higher than in similar locations of Europe,USA and Asia. High BC concentration is found both in absolute terms

Secondary Organic Aerosol: A Comparison between Foggy and Nonfoggy Days

(6-20 \mu g m^{-3} )

Vermistabilization of primary sewage sludge

and mass fraction (similar to 10%) yielding very low single scattering albedo (0.76). The estimated surface forcing is as high as

Vermicomposting of source-separated human faeces for nutrient recycling.

-62 +/- 23 W m^{-2}

Transformation and availability of nutrients and heavy metals during integrated composting-vermicomposting of sewage sludges.

and top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing is

Case Studies on Biological Treatment of Tannery Effluents in India

+9 +/- 3 W m^{-2}

Optimizing vermistabilization of waste activated sludge using vermicompost as bulking material

, which means the atmospheric absorption is

Use of vegetation index and meteorological parameters for the prediction of crop yield in India

+71 Wm^{-2}

POST-MORTEM EXAMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF ANAEROBIC FILTERS

. The short wave atmospheric absorption translates to a lower atmospheric heating of similar to 1.8 degrees K/day. Large surface cooling and lower atmospheric heating may have impacts to regional climate.

Heavy metal–Soluble starch xanthate interactions in aqueous environments

Carbonaceous species, meteorological parameters, trace gases, and fogwater chemistry were measured during winter in the Indian city of Kanpur to study secondary organic aerosol (SOA) during foggy and clear (nonfoggy) days. Enhanced SOA production was observed during fog episodes. It is hypothesized that aqueous phase chemistry in fog drops is responsible for increasing SOA production. SOA concentrations on foggy days exceeded those on clear days at all times of day; peak foggy day SOA concentrations were observed in the evening vs peak clear day SOA concentrations which occurred in the afternoon. Changes in biomass burning emissions on foggy days were examined because of their potential to confound estimates of SOA production based on analysis of organic to elemental carbon (OC/EC) ratios. No evidence of biomass burning influence on SOA during foggy days was found. Enhanced oxidation of SO(2) to sulfate during foggy days was observed, possibly causing the regional aerosol to become more acidic. No evidence was found in this study, either, for effects of temperature or relative humidity on SOA production. In addition to SOA production, fogs can also play an important role in cleaning the atmosphere of carbonaceous aerosols. Preferential scavenging of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) by fog droplets was observed. OC was found to be enriched in smaller droplets, limiting the rate of OC deposition by droplet sedimentation. Lower EC concentrations were observed on foggy days, despite greater stagnation and lower mixing heights, suggesting fog scavenging and removal of EC was active as well.