Vitoriano Truvijo Bijella

Relação entre hábitos bucais e má oclusão em pré-escolares

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the way oral habits and speech problems affect dental occlusion in preschool children. METHODS A random sample of 2,139 boys and girls aged 3-5 years old was evaluated. The children were enrolled in private and state institutions in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil. The cross-sectional study was developed in two steps: occlusion assessment, and a questionnaire about their social and economic status. The occlusal anatomical-functional characteristics assessment was done according to Angle classification. Additionally, overjet, overbite, crowding, anterior open bite, posterior crossbite, and anterior crossbite were evaluated. A sub-sample of 618 children filled out the questionnaire. The prevalence of malocclusion and some variables of exposure were tested by bivariate analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of malocclusion was 51.3% for boys and 56.9% for girls. There was no difference related to gender. In regard to age, there was a higher prevalence of malocclusion in the 3 year-old group, which decreased significantly with age (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among the environmental factors evaluated, the habit of sucking a pacifier was the most important in the association with malocclusion (OR=5.46) followed by the habit of sucking fingers (OR=1.54). Speech problems did not show any influence in malocclusion occurrence.OBJETIVO: Avaliar como o desenvolvimento de habitos bucais deleterios e os problemas de fala afetam a oclusao dentaria em pre-escolares. METODOS: Foi constituida a amostra probabilistica por 2.139 criancas de ambos os sexos, na faixa etaria de 3 a 5 anos, matriculadas em instituicoes publicas ou privadas do Municipio de Bauru, SP, Brasil. Foi desenvolvido estudo transversal em duas etapas: exame de oclusao e questionario socioeconomico. A classificacao de Angle foi adotada para avaliacao de aspectos morfologicos da oclusao, observando-se tambem trespasse horizontal e vertical, espacamento/apinhamento, mordida aberta anterior, mordida cruzada total, mordida cruzada anterior e mordida cruzada posterior uni ou bilateral. Uma subamostra de 618 criancas apresentou resposta ao questionario sobre habitos bucais, saude infantil e informacoes sobre condicoes socioeconomicas. RESULTADOS: A prevalencia de ma oclusao foi de 51,3% para o sexo masculino e 56,9% para o sexo feminino, sem variacao quanto ao sexo. A maior prevalencia de ma oclusao foi verificada no grupo etario de tres anos, decrescendo significantemente com a idade (p<0,05). CONCLUSOES: Entre os fatores ambientais estudados, o habito de succao de chupeta foi o mais importante na associacao com ma oclusao (OR=5,46), seguido da succao digital (OR=1,54). Dificuldades na fala nao apresentaram relacao com a ma oclusao.

Prevalência de cárie dentária em crianças da faixa etária de 0 a 6 anos matriculadas em creches: importância de fatores socioeconômicos

Foi avaliada a prevalencia de carie na denticao decidua de criancas entre 0 e 6 anos, matriculadas em creches dos Municipios de Bauru e Sao Paulo, SP (Brasil). O primeiro grupo (Bauru) nao recebia cuidados sistematizados de saude na instituicao e o segundo (Sao Paulo) apresentava uma rotina de cuidados como norma institucional. Foram analisadas as variaveis relativas aos modos de viver desses grupos populacionais e sua associacao com a ocorrencia de carie, efetuando um estudo de caso para caracterizacao de fatores coletivos de risco a carie. Atraves de analise de regressao multipla, verificou-se a influencia da idade e frequencia de consultas odontologicas sobre a prevalencia de carie na amostra estudada (p<0,05). Na faixa etaria de 5-6 anos, 23,3% das criancas de Bauru e 9,3% de Sao Paulo estavam isentas de carie, contra a expectativa de 50% prevista na Meta n.o 1 da Organizacao Mundial da Saude para o ano 2000. A prevalencia de carie foi mais elevada em Bauru nas criancas de 3-4 e 5-6 anos, apresentando significância estatistica apenas para o grupo 3-4 anos (p<0,05). Nao foram observadas diferencas estatisticamente significantes entre os sexos quanto a ocorrencia de carie.Oral health condition in samples of children from zero to six years old, examined in day nurseries for children from Bauru and S. Paulo County (Brazil) by the caries indicator in primary dentition-dmfs, is assessed. The first group did not receive oral health care where any as the second group received the standard oral care provided by the institution. Variables related to way of life and their relationship to the presence of caries were evaluated. Multiple regression analysis showed a statistically significant association of age and frequency of dental visits with the prevalence of dental caries (p < 0.05). The data also showed that 23.3% of the children from Bauru, and 9.3% of those from S. Paulo were free of caries, numbers that are very far from the 50% proposed by WHO for the year 2000. The overall prevalence of dental caries was greater for the Bauru group than for the S. Paulo group; however, statistical significance was only found in the 3-4 age-group (p < 0.05). Sex differences in the occurrence of dental caries were not statistically significant.

Análise do perfil profissional de cirurgiões-dentistas graduados na Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru - USP entre os anos de 1996 e 2000

The aims of this study were to determine the professional profile of the 248 dentists graduated at Bauru Dental School - University of Sao Paulo between 1996 and 2000, verify if they accomplish educational and collective measures and determine the level of professional satisfaction. The material was a self-applicable questionnaire containing both multiple choice and open questions. The return rate was 39.5%. Analysis of data showed that the dentists, who were predominantly males, chose Dentistry as a profession because they felt comfortable with it, and evaluate the graduate course as good. Results showed that the practitioners still do not focus on the need of education and prevention in oral health, especially at the collective level. It was concluded that the predominant professional profile was to work at their dental office (38.8%) or at a peers dental office, receiving an amount of the total profile (25.5%); 26.5% work with health mutual support and 12.2% work at public service. Although 63.3% are professionally realized, only 12.2% are economically realized. The great difficult is the increase in the competition between dentists and saturation of the dental work market.