Wahidiyat I

The role of allergic risk and other factors that affect the occurrence of atopic dermatitis in the first 6 months of life.

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammation of the skin that often appears in early childhood. The manifestation is related to the tendency towards T helper 2 cytokine immune responses (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5). Genetic factors are suggested to play important roles in AD, and it can be transmitted to newborns, increasing their risk of developing allergies. Objective To determine the association between cord-blood cytokine levels (IL-5, interferon (IFN) γ), cord-blood total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, perinatal environmental exposure, and the risks of allergy as well as the development of AD in the first 6 months of life. Methods A 6-month cohort study with a nested case-control within was conducted on newborns in Jakarta from December 2008 until May 2009. After the umbilical cord blood samples were taken and stored, subjects were followed up monthly until 6 months old. The occurrence of AD and lifestyle or environmental exposures were recorded. The allergic risk was determined using a modified pediatric allergy immunology work groups scoring system based on allergic history (allergic rhinitis, asthma, AD) in the family. The levels of IL-5 and IFN-γ were measured using ELISA and total IgE by CAP system FEIA. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate risk factors. Results This study was conducted on 226 subjects. The incidence of AD was 16.4%; of those, 59% had low risk allergy, 38.5% moderate, and 2% high risk. AD mostly occurred at the age of 1 month (57%). Cord blood samples were examined in 37 subjects with AD and 51 without AD; of those, 25% showed high levels of total IgE (>1.2 IU/µL), and 51% showed normally-distributed high absorbance IL-5 values (≥0.0715, absolute value was undetected). The increased level of IL-5 was directly proportional to IgE. High absorbance IFN-γ values (≥0.0795, absolute value = 18.681 pg/µL) were observed in 52% of subjects. Conclusion The associations between the risk of allergy in the family, cord-blood total IgE, IL-5, IFN levels, and some perinatal environmental exposure with AD in the first 6 months of life have not been established.

Model Skoring Untuk Memprediksi Anemia Defisiensi Besi pada Bayi 0-6 Bulan

Latar belakang. Anemia defisiensi besi (ADB) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan gizi di Indonesia. Data SKRT tahun 2001 menunjukkan prevalensi ADB pada bayi 0-6 bulan 61,3%. Belum dijumpai pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana yang dapat memprediksi seorang bayi berusia 0-6 bulan menderita ADB. Tuj uan. Mencari model skoring untuk memprediksi ADB pada bayi 0-6 bulan. Metode. Desain penelitian adalah studi kohort prospektif dengan pembanding eksternal. Ada 211 bayi yang ikut penelitian, terdiri dari 143 bayi yang lahir dari ibu tanpa anemia dan 68 bayi yang lahir dari ibu dengan anemia. Pemeriksaan darah tepi lengkap, gambaran darah tepi, feritin, sTfR dilakukan saat bayi berusia 0 bulan, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 12 bulan. Diagnosis ADB berdasarkan 1) kadar Hb 14%, 5) Indeks Mentzer >13; 6) Indeks RDW >220. Hasil. Faktor risiko terjadi ADB pada bayi berusia 0-6 bulan adalah diet ibu dan jenis kelamin bayi. Berdasarkan faktor risiko dibuat model skoring dan klasifikasi risiko untuk memprediksi seorang bayi berusia 0-6 bulan akan menderita ADB atau tidak. Kesimpulan. Model skoring untuk memprediksi ADB pada bayi berusia 0-6 bulan dapat digunakan untuk deteksi dini ADB. (