Wasmen Manalu

Effect of fetal number on the concentrations of circulating maternal serum progesterone and estradiol of does during late pregnancy

Abstract Twenty Etawah-cross does with similar body weights (20–22 kg) and ages (2–3 years) were used to study the effects of fetal number (single or twin) on serum concentrations of progesterone and estradiol during the last two months of pregnancy. Average serum progesterone concentrations during the last two months of gestation period in the single- and twin-bearing markedly increased (P

Maternal serum progesterone concentration during gestation and mammary gland growth and development at parturition in Javanese thin-tail ewes carrying a single or multiple fetuses

Fifteen pregnant ewes were used to study maternal serum progesterone concentration during pregnancy and mammary gland growth at parturition in ewes carrying single (n = 9) and multiple fetuses (n = 6) as compared to five nonpregnant ewes. The experimental ewes were sacrificed at parturition to determine mammary gland growth and development indices (mammary dry fat-free tissue [DFFT], DNA, RNA, collagen, protein, and glycogen). Nonpregnant ewes serum progesterone concentrations (2.89 ± 0.27 ng/ml) and mammary DFFT (2.34 ± 0.21 g), total mammary DNA (0.10 ± 0.01 g), RNA (0.03 ± 0.003 g), collagen (0.11 ± 0.01 g), protein (1.26 ± 0.15 g) and glycogen (0.02 ± 0.002 g) were lower (P < 0.01) than in pregnant ewes. Ewes carrying multiple fetus had higher average serum progesterone concentrations (18.56 ± 1.55 vs. 12.02 ± 1.44 ng/ml), mammary DFFT (45.88 ± 10.56 vs. 26.39 ± 2.02 g), total mammary DNA (1.51 ± 0.30 vs. 0.92 ± 0.09 g), total mammary RNA (0.94 ± 0.23 vs. 0.30 ± 0.05 g), total mammary protein (36.49 ± 9.64 vs. 19.35 ± 1.74 g), and total mammary glycogen (0.23 ± 0.08 vs. 0.09 ± 0.01 g) as compared to those carrying a single fetus, without a significant difference in total mammary collagen (0.35 ± 0.04 vs. 0.30 ± 0.04 g). The results of the experiment indicated that ewes carrying higher number of fetuses could have higher secretion of pregnancy-related mammogenic hormones that stimulated greater mammary gland growth and development during gestation.

Mammary gland differential growth during pregnancy in superovulated Javanese thin-tail ewes

Abstract Twenty-one pregnant ewes (12 non-superovulated and nine superovulated prior to mating) were used to study the effect of superovulation on mammary gland differential growth at weeks 7 and 15 of pregnancy. The experimental ewes were slaughtered at the respective stage of pregnancy and the mammary glands were excised to determine mammary gland growth and development by measuring mammary dry fat-free tissue (DFFT), mammary DNA, RNA, collagen, protein and glycogen. In the ewes slaughtered at Week 7 of pregnancy, superovulation increased (p

The optimum dose of thyroxine hormone supplementation in broodstock mud crab (Scylla serrata) to accelerate ovarian maturation.

This experiment was designed to study the optimum dose of thyroxine supplementation in accelerating ovarian maturity in broodstock mud crab (Scylla serrata). The production of mud crab is very low since the production system relies on the natural harvesting that has not applied aquaculture technology optimally. The low productivity in natural culture is thought to be related to the low magnitude of biological process and metabolism that support optimum reproduction system such as the slow and low rate of vitellogenesis. The ovarian maturity is started by the synthesis and the release of vitellogenin into the hemolymph and then transported to the ovum to be used as a precursor of egg yolks synthesis. The thyroxine hormone is found in the follicle and assists the process of yolk absorption. This study used 4 levels of thyroxine supplementation i.e., 0 μg/g BW (control), 0.05 μg/g BW, 0.10 μg/g BW and 0.15 μg/g BW. In general, the supplementation of thyroxine significantly improved the rate of ovarian maturity (P<0.05). Supplementation of thyroxine at the dose of 0.10 μg/g BW gave the highest rate of ovarian maturity. Supplementation of thyroxine increased yolk absorption during ovarian maturity. It was also found that thyroxine supplementation increased concentrations of protein and RNA/DNA during ovarian maturity.

Suplementation Doses Thyroxine Hormone of Broodstock Mud Crab(Scylla serrata) During Ovarian Maturation

The aim this research was to increas maturity ovarian of broodstock mub crab (Scylla serrata). Mud crab is one commodity yet optimal aquaculture technology. The presumably was to slow the vitellogenesis process stage.The maturity ovarian began by vitelogenin secreted into hemolymph and taken to the ovum to be synthesized into egg yolks.Thethyroxine hormone containing elements, and stored in the follicle assist in the process of yolk absorption. This study used treatment more doses ofthe thyroxine hormone supplementation were with doses 0 μg/BW (control), 0.05 μg/BW; 0.1 μg/BW, and 0.15 μg/BW. The results showed that treatment doses of 0.1 μg/BW has accelerated the fastest of maturity ovarian than others. The analysis of variance that the supplementation of hormone thyroxine were a significant effect (P<0.05) in the acceleration of mature ovarian. The suplementation of thyroxine was increas yolk absorption in vitellogenesis process. It have affectsare an increase concentration of proteinand RNA/DNA during maturity ovary.

Growth and Development of the Uterus and Placenta of Superovulated Gilts

T-2 toxin is a toxic and teratogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium tricintum which may contaminate cereal, seed, and food. The aim of this research is to find out the effects of T-2 Toxin on preimplantion embryos and fetuses of Swiss Webster mice. Pregnant female of Swiss Webster mice on 0 or 2 day of gestation was injected intraperitoneally with T-2 toxin at doses 0.05 or 0.10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and the dam was observed at 3.5 and 18 days of gestation. At 0 day of gestation, embryos were arrested at one to eight cell and uncompacted morulae stages (P Key words: Fusarium tricintum, T-2 toxin, mycotoxin, preimplantation embryos, embryotoxic

Correlations between lamb birth weight and the concentrations of hormones and metabolites in the maternal serum during pregnancy

Maternal serum hormones (progesterone, oestradiol, triiodothyronine and cortisol) and blood metabolites (β-hydroxy butyric acid [BHBA] and blood urea nitrogen [BUN]) concentrations at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 of pregnancy were measured in 39 pregnant Javanese thin-tail ewes (20 and 19 carrying single and multiple [2-3] foetuses, respectively), and six non-pregnant ewes as controls, to evaluate their correlations with lamb birth weight at parturition. All hormones and metabolites changed with the advance of pregnancy. Regression analyses showed that concentrations of triiodothyronine, cortisol, BHBA, and BUN in the maternal circulation during pregnancy had lower correlations with lamb birth weight at parturition than those of progesterone and oestradiol. Progesterone and oestradiol concentrations in the maternal circulation at week 8 of pregnancy had the greatest correlations with lamb birth weight at parturition. The higher the concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol in the maternal circulation at week 8 of pregnancy, the higher the lamb birth weight at parturition. The results suggested that raising maternal serum progesterone and oestradiol concentrations during early pregnancy in sheep, either by exogenous administration or superovulation, might improve prenatal growth and lamb birth weight.

The Effect of Clove Leaf Methanol Extract on the Profiles of Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde in the Liver of Rabbits under Hypercholesterolemia Condition

The study was conducted to observe the effect of clove leaf methanol extract on the profile of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver of rabbits under hypercholesterolemia. Nine male New Zealand rabbits were used for this study. They were divided into three groups i.e (1) negative control group, (2) Positive control group (hypercholesterolemic) was fed with diet containing 1% cholesterol for 50 days, and (3) the group was given clove leaf extract and 1% cholesterol for 50 days. The hypercholesterolemic condition decreased SOD activity and Cu, Zn-SOD level, otherwise the increasing of MDA level occurred on the liver of the rabbits in the positive control group compared to negative control group. On the other hand, the third group showed the increase of SOD activity and Cu, Zn-SOD level with clove leaf methanol extract. The best results were obtained in the rabbits treated with clove methanol extract simultaneously for 50 days.

Valproic Acid Exposure of Pregnant Rats During Organogenesis Disturbs Pancreas Development in Insulin Synthesis and Secretion of the Offspring

Valproic acid (VPA) plays a role in histone modifications that eventually inhibit the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC), and will affect the expressions of genes Pdx1, Nkx6.1, and Ngn3 during pancreatic organogenesis. This experiment was designed to study the effect of VPA exposure in pregnant rats on the activity of HDAC that controls the expression of genes regulating the development of beta cells in the pancreas to synthesize and secrete insulin. This study used 30 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 4 groups, as follows: (1) a control group of pregnant rats without VPA administration, (2) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 10 of pregnancy, (3) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 13 of pregnancy, and (4) pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on day 16 of pregnancy. Eighty-four newborn rats born to control rats and rats administered with VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy were used to measure serum glucose, insulin, DNA, RNA, and ratio of RNA/DNA concentrations in the pancreas and to observe the microscopical condition of the pancreas at the ages of 4 to 32 weeks postpartum with 4-week intervals. The results showed that at the age of 32 weeks, the offspring of pregnant rats administered with 250 mg VPA on days 10, 13, and 16 of pregnancy had higher serum glucose concentrations and lower serum insulin concentrations, followed by decreased concentrations of RNA, and the ratio of RNA/DNA in the pancreas. Microscopical observations showed that the pancreas of the rats born to pregnant rats administered with VPA during pregnancy had low immunoreaction to insulin. The exposure of pregnant rats to VPA during pregnancy disturbs organogenesis of the pancreas of the embryos that eventually disturb the insulin production in the beta cells indicated by the decreased insulin secretion during postnatal life.

Aktivitas Antipiretik Ekstrak Etanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) pada Tikus Putih Jantan (ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI) IN MALE WHITE RAT)

The experiment was conducted to study the activity of ethanol extract of belimbing wuluh (EEBW) as antipyretic. Fever induction was done by using difteri pertusis tetanus (DPT) vaccine intramuscularly at a dose of 0.1 mL/100 g BW. Male white rat strain spraque dawley with range of weight by 200 to 300 g was used in this research.Fifteen experimental rats were used to explore the specific time of fever (time of early fever and time of peak fever) which were divided in 2 treatments, i.e. 10 experimental rats with DPT vaccine injection and 5 experimental rats without DPT vaccine injection as control.Fourty experimental rats were used to study effectivity of EEBW as antipyretic which were grouped with factorial randomized design with 4 x 2 and 5 replications. The first factor was various substance administered which consisted Jurnal Veteriner Desember 2017 Vol. 18 No. 4 : 597-603 pISSN: 1411-8327; eISSN: 2477-5665 DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2017.18.4.597 Terakreditasi Nasional, Dirjen Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, online pada http://ojs.unud.ac.id/php.index/jvet Kemenristek Dikti RI S.K. No. 36a/E/KPT/2016