Nastiti Kusumorini

Effect of fetal number on the concentrations of circulating maternal serum progesterone and estradiol of does during late pregnancy

Abstract Twenty Etawah-cross does with similar body weights (20–22 kg) and ages (2–3 years) were used to study the effects of fetal number (single or twin) on serum concentrations of progesterone and estradiol during the last two months of pregnancy. Average serum progesterone concentrations during the last two months of gestation period in the single- and twin-bearing markedly increased (P

Growth and Development of the Uterus and Placenta of Superovulated Gilts

T-2 toxin is a toxic and teratogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium tricintum which may contaminate cereal, seed, and food. The aim of this research is to find out the effects of T-2 Toxin on preimplantion embryos and fetuses of Swiss Webster mice. Pregnant female of Swiss Webster mice on 0 or 2 day of gestation was injected intraperitoneally with T-2 toxin at doses 0.05 or 0.10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and the dam was observed at 3.5 and 18 days of gestation. At 0 day of gestation, embryos were arrested at one to eight cell and uncompacted morulae stages (P Key words: Fusarium tricintum, T-2 toxin, mycotoxin, preimplantation embryos, embryotoxic

The Effect of Clove Leaf Methanol Extract on the Profiles of Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde in the Liver of Rabbits under Hypercholesterolemia Condition

The study was conducted to observe the effect of clove leaf methanol extract on the profile of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver of rabbits under hypercholesterolemia. Nine male New Zealand rabbits were used for this study. They were divided into three groups i.e (1) negative control group, (2) Positive control group (hypercholesterolemic) was fed with diet containing 1% cholesterol for 50 days, and (3) the group was given clove leaf extract and 1% cholesterol for 50 days. The hypercholesterolemic condition decreased SOD activity and Cu, Zn-SOD level, otherwise the increasing of MDA level occurred on the liver of the rabbits in the positive control group compared to negative control group. On the other hand, the third group showed the increase of SOD activity and Cu, Zn-SOD level with clove leaf methanol extract. The best results were obtained in the rabbits treated with clove methanol extract simultaneously for 50 days.

Perbaikan Level Glutation Hipokampus Pada Tikus yang Mengalami Penuaan Fisiologis dan Penuaan Akibat Stres Oksidatif dengan Pemberian Alanin-Glutamin Dipeptida Improvements Glutation Levels in the Hippocampus of Aged and Oxidative- Stressed Rats by Supple

Background: Physiological aging or aging due to oxidative stress causes to disruption of glutathione homeostasis of the hippocampus. Disruption of glutathione homeostasis characterized by a decrease in hippocampus glutathione levels below the normal threshold. Decreased levels of glutathione in the hippocampus was demonstrated decreased hippocampus function. One way to increase glutathione levels in the hippocampus and the function of hippocampus is to increase the concentrations of glutathione precursor. One of the glutathione precursors is alanine-glutamine dipeptide. This research was designed to obtain the most effective level of alanine-glutamine dipeptide supplementation to improve glutathione synthesis in the hippocampus of aged and oxidative-stressed rats. The highest glutathione concentrations in the hippocampus showed the best improvement on the hippocampus function in physiological aging or oxidative-stress aging rats. Design and Methods: The experimental rats were assigned into a completely randomized design with 2x2x4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the age of the experimental rats, consisted of two levels i.e., 12 and 24 months. The second factor was oxidative stress consisted of two levels, i.e., without or with oxidative stress. The third factor was the level of alanine-glutamine dipeptide administration consisted of 4 concentrations, i.e. 0%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. Results: The results showed that administration of 7% alanine-glutamine dipeptide has resulted the highest levels of glutathione hippocampus in younger (0.0154 mg/mg tissue) or aged (0.0140 mg/mg tissue) rats or in normal (0.0150 mg/mg tissue) and in oxidative-stressed (0.0144 mg/mg tissue) rats. The increased hippocampus glutathione levels were associated to the improved functions of the hippocampus. Conclusion: alanine-glutamine dipeptide administration of 7% consentrations gave the best results on repair function of the hippocampus and has the potential to slow aging, both physiological aging or oxidative-stress aging rats (Sains Medika, 4(1):1-12). Keywords:alanine-glutamine dipeptide, glutathione, physiological aging, stress oxidative aging, hippocampus functions ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Penuaan fisiologis atau penuaan akibat stres oksidatif menyebabkan gangguan homeostasis glutation hipokampus. Gangguan homeostasis glutation hipokampus ditandai dengan penurunan level glutation hipokampus di bawah ambang batas normal. Penurunan level glutation hipokampus menunjukkan penurunan fungsi hipokampus. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan level glutation hipokampus dan fungsi hipokampus adalah meningkatkan konsentrasi prekursor glutation. Salah satu prekursor glutation adalah alanin-glutamin dipeptida. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi paling efektif pemberian alanin-glutamin dipeptida yang dapat memperbaiki sintesis glutation hipokampus pada tikus yang mengalami penuaan fisiologis atau penuaan akibat stres oksidatif. Level tertinggi glutation hipokampus menunjukkan perbaikan fungsi hipokampus pada tikus yang mengalami penuaan fisiologis atau penuaan akibat stres oksidatif. Metode: Tikus-tikus percobaan dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan ukuran 2x2x4. Faktor pertama adalah umur tikus percobaan yang terdiri atas 2 level, yaitu 12 dan 24 bulan. Faktor kedua adalah stres oksidatif yang terdiri atas 2 level, yaitu tanpa atau dengan stres oksidatif. Faktor ketiga adalah pemberian alanin-glutamin dipeptida yang terdiri atas 4 konsentrasi, yaitu 0%, 3%, 5%, dan 7%. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian konsentrasi alanin-glutamin dipeptida 7% memberi peningkatan tertinggi level glutation hipokampus, baik pada tikus dengan umur lebih muda (58.76%) atau tua (125.81%), tikus normal (76.47%) atau stres oksidatif (97.26%). Peningkatan level glutation hipokampus dikaitkan dengan perbaikan fungsi hipokampus. Kesimpulan: Pemberian konsentrasi alanin-glutamin dipeptida 7% memberi hasil terbaik pada perbaikan level glutation hipokampus yang mengindikasikan perbaikan fungsi hipokampus dan mempunyai potensi memperlambat penuaan, baik penuaan fisiologis atau penuaan akibat stres oksidatif (Sains Medika, 4(1):1-12). Kata kunci: alanin-glutamin dipeptida, glutation, penuaan fisiologis, penuaan akibat stres oksidatif, fungsi hipokampus.