Weijuan Zhao

Fuzzy cluster analysis of the provenance of ancient Yaozhou porcelain body

The technique of neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been employed to measure the content of 29 kinds of elements in the sample of Yaozhou porcelain bodies. Then a fuzzy cluster analysis has been conducted to the NAA data and a diagram of the dynamic fuzzy cluster analysis has been achieved. The results indicate that the batch of ancient Yaozhou porcelain bodies, which were of different overglaze color and were produced by different kilns during a period of over 800 years from the Tang Dynasty (618–907 A.D.) to the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 A.D.), has shared a stable and concentrated raw material source. Provenances of porcelain bodies from different times, though having their specific independence, enjoy a close relationship and are not far from one another. Provenances of porcelain bodies made during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties (907–960 A.D.) are found to be closer to one another, while those of the Song (960–1279 A.D.) and the Jin Dynasty (1115–1234 A.D.) are comparatively concentrated in certain areas and are different from those of the Tang Dynasty. Both the tri-colored glazed pottery made in Yaozhou kilns during the Tang Dynasty and the Yaozhou porcelain bodies of the Tang period are from the same provenance.

Theoretical study of fusion reactions 32 S+ 94,96 Zr and 40 Ca+ 94,96 Zr and quadrupole deformation of 94 Zr

The dynamic coupling effects on fusion cross sections for reactions 32S + 94,96Zr and 40Ca + 94,96Zr are studied with the universal fusion function formalism and an empirical coupled channel (ECC) model. An examination of the reduced fusion functions shows that the total effect of couplings to inelastic excitations and neutron transfer channels on fusion in 32S + 94Zr (40Ca + 94Zr) is almost the same as that in 32S + 96Zr (40Ca + 96Zr). The enhancements of the fusion cross section at sub-barrier energies due to inelastic channel coupling and neutron transfer channel coupling are evaluated separately by using the ECC model. The results show that effect of couplings to inelastic excitations channels in the reactions with 94Zr as target should be similar as that in the reactions with 96Zr as target. This implies that the quadrupole deformation parameters β2 of 94Zr and 96Zr should be similar to each other. However, β2’s predicted from the finite-range droplet model, which are used in the ECC model, are quite different. Experiments on 48Ca + 94Zr or 36S + 94Zr are suggested to solve the puzzling issue concerning β2 for 94Zr.

Analysis on the source of raw material of the celadon bodies from Zhanggongxiang kiln and Qingliangsi kiln by PIXE

The proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is used to measure the chemical ingredients of seven main elements of each sample of celadon body from Qingliangsi kiln in Baofeng County and Zhanggongxiang kiln in Ruzhou City. The PIXE data are then analyzed by fuzzy cluster method, and the trend cluster diagram is obtained to determine their relation of classification and provenance. The result shows that the producing area of raw material of Ru porcelain bodies is concentrated in Qingliangsi kiln, while that of celadon bodies is slightly scattered in Zhanggongxiang kiln. The raw material origin of Ru porcelain bodies from Qingliangsi kiln in Baofeng County is different from that of Zhanggongxiang kiln in Ruzhou City. The materials of Ru Guan porcelain bodies and Ru Civil porcelain bodies in Qingliangsi kiln are basically the same.

Provenance study of ancient Chinese Yaozhou porcelain by neutron activation analysis

This paper reports our study of the provenance of ancient Chinese Yaozhou porcelain. The content of 29 elements in the Yaozhou porcelain samples was measured by neutron activation analysis (NAA). The NAA data were further analysed using fuzzy cluster analysis to obtain the trend fuzzy cluster diagrams. These samples with different glaze colour, ranging over more than 700 years, were fired in different kilns. Our analysis indicates the relatively concentrated distribution of the sources of the raw material for the Yaozhou porcelain body samples. They can be classified into two independent periods, i.e. the Tang (AD 618–907) and the Five Dynasties (AD 907–960) period, and the Song (AD 960–1279) and Jin (AD 1115–1234) period. Our analysis also indicates that the sources of the raw material for the ancient Yaozhou porcelain glaze samples are quite scattered and those for the black glaze in the Tang Dynasty are very concentrated. The sources of the raw material for the celadon glaze and the white glaze in the Tang Dynasty are widely distributed and those for the celadon glaze in the Song Dynasty are close to those of the bluish white glaze in the Jin Dynasty, and they are very concentrated. The sources of the raw material for the porcelain glazes cover those of the porcelain bodies.

Neutron activation analysis and Mossbauer spectroscopy research on coloring mechanism of Chinese Ru porcelain

The characteristic spectrum and its main wavelength of Ru porcelain glaze are measured by color difference instrument to determine the relations between glaze color and its main wavelength. The content of the 30 coloring elements in Ru porcelain is determined by neutron activation analysis (NAA), which showed that iron is the major coloring element. Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis shows that the iron element in the glaze exists in the form of structural iron (Fe2+, Fe3+). The quantitative relationship between the main wavelength of glaze in various colors and the relative content of structural iron (Fe2+/Fe3+) is determined. Thus the coloring mechanism of Ru porcelain is investigated entirely.

The design and application of an ancient porcelain online identification analysis system

This paper puts forward an ancient porcelain system that can be identified and analyzed online. It can put discriminant analysis of ancient porcelain technology identification use to network platform. In addition, the system can provide efficient ancient porcelain identification service and collect more ancient porcelain samples data. The system exercises JSP, JavaBean and SQL Server 2000 technologies to establish an ancient porcelain database management system, and to achieve data exchange between JSP pages and database, and uses Java program to invoke Matlab program to achieve the identification analysis function. Test analysis results show that the system can be used to identify Liu Jiamen celadon porcelain, Ruguan porcelain and Zhang Gongxiang celadon porcelain.