Yusuf Zorba

A Study on Safety and Risk Assessment of Dangerous Cargo Operations in Oil/Chemical Tankers

The safety and risk assessment of dangerous cargo operations in oil and chemical tankers is a necessary process to prevent possible accidents during these operations. Fire and explosion are the major accidents encountered in tanker operations. In this study, a model was constructed through the Fuzzy Bayes Network Method for the probabilistic relationships between the causes of fire and explosion accidents that could occur during the tank cleaning process. The study is composed of two stages. Firstly, the variables that are the subject of the problem and that constitute the graphical structure of the Bayes Networks are identified. Then, expert opinion was sought as the statistical data on accident reports were not recorded properly while identifying the conditional probability of the relationships between the variables. Linguistic variables whose fuzzy membership functions were identified were used in detecting the probabilities. The findings of the sensitivity test revealed that the major reasons that could lead to fire and explosion during the tank cleaning process are ignition sources, reaction and safety culture.

Comparative Analysis of Dangerous Liquid Cargoes Transportation: A Study on Bulk Chemicals and Tank Containers

Dangerous liquid bulk cargo transportation by sea is a controlled and managed operation through a lot of regulations due to transported cargoes involved which require a high level of attention. Chemical tankers and tank containers are two of the most common transportation ways of transporting dangerous liquid bulk cargoes by sea. While some of the liquid bulk chemical traders transport their cargoes either in chemical tankers or tank containers, the others use both of them. At this point, the factors which affect the choice of mentioned transportation ways and their levels of effects on selection are of great importance and need to be thoroughly studied. In this study, the factors that affect the selection of chemical tankers or tank containers by Turkish chemical companies are determined through a comprehensive literature review. In order to determine to what extent these factors are important and their effects on alternatives, a questionnaire prepared in compliance with AHP method was conducted through the import departments of 30 Turkish chemical companies. As a result, when the effect degrees of the factors were evaluated, it has seen that the chemical tankers are 62.5 % more preferable than the

The Mooring Pattern Study for Q-Flex Type LNG Carriers Scheduled for Berthing at Ege Gaz Aliaga LNG Terminal

Ever growing energy industry requires larger quantities of LNG to be transported by bigger ships between terminals. Every day, new kind of large vessels created by new technologies, and these are used to trade around the globe. This is the dynamic change in shipping industry. But on the other hand these new vessels need to safely berth to existing terminals which we may accept as more static part of the trade. Thus this study born by the request of Ege Gaz Aliaga LNG Terminal management to determine if it is safe to berth to the terminal by a new breed of large LNG carrier type named as Q-Flex and Q-Max. Transas Bridge Simulator NTPRO 5000 series was used in this study for extensive experiments which had been simulated by the use of hook function. During the study, every force applied to mooring hooks and dolphins by the ship lines were divided into 3 dimensions and then measured by simulation experiments. With analysis of the data, required hook and dolphins strengths were determined for the safe mooring arrangements. Upon the completion of the study Ege Gaz Aliaga LNG Terminal became the first safe berth for Q-Flex type vessels in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. And finally all experiments were confirmed with real life experience when the first Q-Flex type LNG carrier berthed to the Ege Gaz Aliaga LNG Terminal.

İzmir Alsancak Limanı Gemi Manevraları Risk Değerlendirmesi

Deniz ve cevresini korunmayi en onemli amac edinmis olan Dunya Denizcilik Orgutu IMO, bu amacla bircok uluslararasi yasal duzenleme yururluge sokmustur. Bu duzenlemelerin bir kismi dolayli bir kismi da direkt olarak deniz ve cevresinin korunmasina yoneliktir. Ozellikle MARPOL sozlesmesi, deniz ve cevresini korumaya yonelik olan en kapsamli uluslararasi sozlesmedir. MARPOL uluslararasi sozlesmesinin hukuksal alt yapisi Turkiye’de Cevre ve Orman Bakanligi ile Denizcilik Mustesarligi tarafindan olusturulmaktadir. Bu kapsamda, deniz ve cevresinin petrol ve diger zararli maddelerden dolayi kirlenmesi durumunda yapilmasi gereken acil mudahalenin ve olusacak zararlarin tazminini duzenleyen yonetmelik 21 Ekim 2006 tarihinde 26326 sayili Resmi Gazetede yayimlanarak yururluge girmistir. Buna gore her bir kiyi tesisinin bulundugu deniz ve cevresini tehdit eden tehlikelerin tanimlanmasi ve risk degerlendirmelerinin yapilmasi istenmektedir. Bu calismada yukarida bahsi gecen yonetmelik kapsaminda Izmir Alsancak Limani icin gemi manevralarindan kaynaklanabilecek tehlikeler tanimlanarak risk degerlendirmeleri yapilmistir. Kabul edilemez duzeyde tespit edilen tehlikeler icin ise risk dusurucu tedbirler onerilmektedir